QB/T 2464.23-1999 PDF English
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| QB/T 2464.23-1999 | English | 70 |
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Determination Method for Color Fastness of Leather to Perspiration
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QB/T 2464.23-1999: Determination Method for Color Fastness of Leather to Perspiration---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/QBT2464.23-1999
LIGHT INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Classification No.. Y 45
Record No.. 4248-1999
eqv ISO 11641.1993
Leather - Tests for Color Fastness -
Color Fastness to Perspiration
Issued on. OCTOBER 14, 1999
Implemented on. MARCH 1, 2000
Issued by. China Light Industry Bureau
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
ISO Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative References... 5
3 Principle... 5
4 Apparatus and Materials... 6
5 Sample... 7
6 Test Procedures... 7
7 Test Report... 8
Foreword
This Standard equivalently adopts international standard ISO 11641.1993 Leather -
Tests for Color Fastness - Color Fastness to Perspiration.
This Method adopts artificial perspiration solution to simulate the action of human
perspiration for tests. During the tests, the color of leather might change; the adjacent
fabrics might be stained.
Generally speaking, freshly produced human perspiration is weakly acidic, then,
microorganisms would trigger it to change; pH is usually weakly alkaline (pH 7.5 ~ 8.5).
Alkaline perspiration has a greater effect on the color of leather than acid perspiration.
Therefore, alkaline perspiration is usually used, instead of acid perspiration, to
simulate the most common conditions in practice.
Since the perspiration of different people varies, it is impossible to design a generally
effective method. However, the result of artificial alkaline perspiration test stipulated in
this Standard is consistent with most natural perspirations.
In the international standard ISO 11641.1993, Appendix A recommends commercial
sources for apparatus and materials used in the test method in this Standard; Appendix
B states the title and serial No. of IUF international standards that are related with this
Standard, and they are not quoted in this Standard.
This Standard was proposed by Industry Management Division of China Light Industry
Bureau.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on
Leather of Standardization Administration of China.
The responsible drafting organization of this Standard. China Leather Industry
Research Institute.
The main drafters of this Standard. Zhao Liguo, Weng Yizhao, Liying.
ISO Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a standardized organization
jointly constituted of worldwide standardization institutions (ISO members). The
drafting and formulation of international standards must be approved by ISO technical
committees. Each member is entitled to bring forward opinions to its committee
regarding the drafts of standards issued by the technical committees. International
organizations, governmental organizations and non-governmental organizations which
are in liaison with ISO can all participate in relevant work. ISO is in a close cooperative
relationship with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on the work of
international electrotechnical standardization.
The technical committees circulate the adopted drafts of international standards to all
the member organizations for a voting. When the approval rate in the voting among
the member organizations reaches over 75%, the drafts shall be issued as international
standards.
International standard ISO 11641 was proposed by the Fastness Tests Commission of
the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IFU
Commission, IULTCS). It adopted IUF 426 standard and was published in J. SOC.
Leather Tech. Chem., 71, pp22-24 (1987). In October 1989, it was declared as an
official method by IULTCS.
In this Method, Appendix A and Appendix B are for reference only.
Leather - Tests for Color Fastness -
Color Fastness to Perspiration
1 Scope
This Standard stipulates the determination method for leather’s color fastness to
perspiration.
This Standard is applicable to all leather in various processing stages, especially
clothing, gloving and lining leathers. Meanwhile, it is also applicable to leather for the
uppers of unlined shoes.
2 Normative References
Through the reference in this Standard, the clauses contained in the following
standards become clauses of this Standard. When this Standard is published, all the
indicated versions are valid. Since all the standards might be amended, all parties
adopting this Standard shall probe into the possibility of using the latest version of the
following standards.
GB 250-1995 Gray Scale for Assessing Changing in Color;
GB 251-1995 Gray Scale for Assessing Staining;
GB/T 6682-92 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test
Methods;
3 Principle
Respectively soak leather sample and adjacent fabrics in artificial perspiration solution.
Then, closely cling the sample to the adjacent fabrics to make a composite sample;
place it in a suitable apparatus. Maintain it at a certain temperature and pressure;
4 Apparatus and Materials
4.1 Test Apparatus
It shall be able to maintain the composite sample under an even pressure of 1.23 N/cm2
(equivalent to 125 g/cm2 of pressure after loading heavy objects).
4.2 Weighted Block
Flat bottom, 4.5 kg.
4.6 Vacuum Desiccator
4.7 Vacuum Pump
Be able to evacuate the desiccator (4.6) to 5 kPa (50 mbar) of vacuum within 4 min.
4.8 Distilled Water or Deionized Water
Comply with the stipulations of Grade-3 water in GB/T 6682.
4.9 Artificial Perspiration Solution
Each liter of artificial perspiration solution contains the following elements.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) 5.0 g;
5 Sample
5.1 If the leather does not have a finish, or, if the leather has a finish and is to be tested
together with the finish, merely cut a test sample of 100 mm 36 mm.
5.3 Cut out one or two pieces of the adjacent fabrics (4.4); size. 100 mm 36 mm.
6 Test Procedures
6.1 Respectively immerse the leather sample and the adjacent fabrics in different
vessels of artificial perspiration; maintain the immersion (if several samples are
simultaneously tested, several pieces of adjacent fabrics may be immersed in the
same vessel, but each leather sample shall be respectively immersed in different
vessels). Place the vessel in the vacuum desiccator (4.6); generate 5 kPa of vacuum
within 4 min; maintain for 2 min. Then, restore to the normal pressure.
6.2 At (37 ± 2) °C, preheat in the oven (4.3). Add 4.5 kg of weighted blocked for at least
1 h. Place the composite sample, which is sandwiched between two glass plates, into
the test apparatus (4.1).
6.3 After 3 h, remove the weighted block. Remove the composite sample from the
apparatus. From one corner, stitch the composite sample together. Under the standard
conditions (temperature. 20 °C; relative humidity. 65%) stipulated in QB/T 3812.2, dry
it by hanging.
6.4 Use gray scale for assessing staining that complies with GB 251 to assess the
degree of color staining of adjacent fabrics.
Use gray scale for assessing changing in color that complies with GB 250 to assess
color change of leather sample.
7 Test Report
Test report shall include the following content.
QB/T 2464.23-99
LIGHT INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Classification No.. Y 45
Record No.. 4248-1999
eqv ISO 11641.1993
Leather - Tests for Color Fastness -
Color Fastness to Perspiration
Issued on. OCTOBER 14, 1999
Implemented on. MARCH 1, 2000
Issued by. China Light Industry Bureau
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
ISO Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative References... 5
3 Principle... 5
4 Apparatus and Materials... 6
5 Sample... 7
6 Test Procedures... 7
7 Test Report... 8
Foreword
This Standard equivalently adopts international standard ISO 11641.1993 Leather -
Tests for Color Fastness - Color Fastness to Perspiration.
This Method adopts artificial perspiration solution to simulate the action of human
perspiration for tests. During the tests, the color of leather might change; the adjacent
fabrics might be stained.
Generally speaking, freshly produced human perspiration is weakly acidic, then,
microorganisms would trigger it to change; pH is usually weakly alkaline (pH 7.5 ~ 8.5).
Alkaline perspiration has a greater effect on the color of leather than acid perspiration.
Therefore, alkaline perspiration is usually used, instead of acid perspiration, to
simulate the most common conditions in practice.
Since the perspiration of different people varies, it is impossible to design a generally
effective method. However, the result of artificial alkaline perspiration test stipulated in
this Standard is consistent with most natural perspirations.
In the international standard ISO 11641.1993, Appendix A recommends commercial
sources for apparatus and materials used in the test method in this Standard; Appendix
B states the title and serial No. of IUF international standards that are related with this
Standard, and they are not quoted in this Standard.
This Standard was proposed by Industry Management Division of China Light Industry
Bureau.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on
Leather of Standardization Administration of China.
The responsible drafting organization of this Standard. China Leather Industry
Research Institute.
The main drafters of this Standard. Zhao Liguo, Weng Yizhao, Liying.
ISO Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a standardized organization
jointly constituted of worldwide standardization institutions (ISO members). The
drafting and formulation of international standards must be approved by ISO technical
committees. Each member is entitled to bring forward opinions to its committee
regarding the drafts of standards issued by the technical committees. International
organizations, governmental organizations and non-governmental organizations which
are in liaison with ISO can all participate in relevant work. ISO is in a close cooperative
relationship with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on the work of
international electrotechnical standardization.
The technical committees circulate the adopted drafts of international standards to all
the member organizations for a voting. When the approval rate in the voting among
the member organizations reaches over 75%, the drafts shall be issued as international
standards.
International standard ISO 11641 was proposed by the Fastness Tests Commission of
the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IFU
Commission, IULTCS). It adopted IUF 426 standard and was published in J. SOC.
Leather Tech. Chem., 71, pp22-24 (1987). In October 1989, it was declared as an
official method by IULTCS.
In this Method, Appendix A and Appendix B are for reference only.
Leather - Tests for Color Fastness -
Color Fastness to Perspiration
1 Scope
This Standard stipulates the determination method for leather’s color fastness to
perspiration.
This Standard is applicable to all leather in various processing stages, especially
clothing, gloving and lining leathers. Meanwhile, it is also applicable to leather for the
uppers of unlined shoes.
2 Normative References
Through the reference in this Standard, the clauses contained in the following
standards become clauses of this Standard. When this Standard is published, all the
indicated versions are valid. Since all the standards might be amended, all parties
adopting this Standard shall probe into the possibility of using the latest version of the
following standards.
GB 250-1995 Gray Scale for Assessing Changing in Color;
GB 251-1995 Gray Scale for Assessing Staining;
GB/T 6682-92 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test
Methods;
3 Principle
Respectively soak leather sample and adjacent fabrics in artificial perspiration solution.
Then, closely cling the sample to the adjacent fabrics to make a composite sample;
place it in a suitable apparatus. Maintain it at a certain temperature and pressure;
4 Apparatus and Materials
4.1 Test Apparatus
It shall be able to maintain the composite sample under an even pressure of 1.23 N/cm2
(equivalent to 125 g/cm2 of pressure after loading heavy objects).
4.2 Weighted Block
Flat bottom, 4.5 kg.
4.6 Vacuum Desiccator
4.7 Vacuum Pump
Be able to evacuate the desiccator (4.6) to 5 kPa (50 mbar) of vacuum within 4 min.
4.8 Distilled Water or Deionized Water
Comply with the stipulations of Grade-3 water in GB/T 6682.
4.9 Artificial Perspiration Solution
Each liter of artificial perspiration solution contains the following elements.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) 5.0 g;
5 Sample
5.1 If the leather does not have a finish, or, if the leather has a finish and is to be tested
together with the finish, merely cut a test sample of 100 mm 36 mm.
5.3 Cut out one or two pieces of the adjacent fabrics (4.4); size. 100 mm 36 mm.
6 Test Procedures
6.1 Respectively immerse the leather sample and the adjacent fabrics in different
vessels of artificial perspiration; maintain the immersion (if several samples are
simultaneously tested, several pieces of adjacent fabrics may be immersed in the
same vessel, but each leather sample shall be respectively immersed in different
vessels). Place the vessel in the vacuum desiccator (4.6); generate 5 kPa of vacuum
within 4 min; maintain for 2 min. Then, restore to the normal pressure.
6.2 At (37 ± 2) °C, preheat in the oven (4.3). Add 4.5 kg of weighted blocked for at least
1 h. Place the composite sample, which is sandwiched between two glass plates, into
the test apparatus (4.1).
6.3 After 3 h, remove the weighted block. Remove the composite sample from the
apparatus. From one corner, stitch the composite sample together. Under the standard
conditions (temperature. 20 °C; relative humidity. 65%) stipulated in QB/T 3812.2, dry
it by hanging.
6.4 Use gray scale for assessing staining that complies with GB 251 to assess the
degree of color staining of adjacent fabrics.
Use gray scale for assessing changing in color that complies with GB 250 to assess
color change of leather sample.
7 Test Report
Test report shall include the following content.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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