JT/T 1178.2-2019 PDF English
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Safety specification for commercial vehicle for cargos transportation - Part 2: Towing vehicle and trailer
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JT/T 1178.2-2019: PDF in English (JTT 1178.2-2019) JT/T 1178.2-2019
JT
TRANSPORT INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.080.10
T 43
Filing No.:
Safety specification for commercial vehicle for cargos
transportation - Part 2: Towing vehicle and trailer
ISSUED ON: MARCH 15, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2019
Issued by: Ministry of Transport of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 8
4 Complete vehicle ... 10
5 Braking system ... 13
6 Safety protection ... 15
7 Mechanical connection ... 16
8 Pneumatic and electric connection ... 18
9 Load layout identification and securing points... 19
10 Alarms and reminders ... 19
11 Transition period for standard implementation ... 20
Appendix A (Informative) Example of nameplate of vehicle interchangeability
information ... 21
Appendix B (Normative) Technical requirements and test methods for tire
pressure monitoring system ... 23
Appendix C (Normative) Strength test method for the mounting bracket of the
draw bar connector AND the rigid connecting rod of the draw bar's hanger of
the center-axle trailer combination ... 29
Appendix D (Informative) Drawing and example of load layout identification
curve ... 32
References ... 40
Safety specification for commercial vehicle for cargos
transportation - Part 2: Towing vehicle and trailer
1 Scope
This Part of JT/T 1178 specifies the safety technical requirements and test
methods, for the complete vehicle, braking system, safety protection,
mechanical connection, pneumatic and electrical connection, load layout
identification and securing points, alarms and reminders, of towing vehicles and
trailers.
This Part is applicable to category N2 and category N3 towing vehicles, category
O3 and category O4 trailers, as well as their combinations.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB 1589 Limits of dimensions, axle load and masses for motor vehicles,
trailers and combination vehicles
GB/T 3730.1 Motor vehicles and trailers - Types - Terms and definitions
GB/T 3730.2 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB 4094 Motor vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB/T 4606 Road vehicles - 50 semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling pin - Basic
and mounting/interchangeability dimensions
GB/T 4781 Commercial road vehicles - 50 mm draw bar eye -
Interchangeability
GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-
signaling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 5053.1-2006 Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection
of towing and towed vehicles - 7-pole connector type 24 N (normal) for
vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage
test method, which is specified in GB/T 14172. The rollover stability angle shall
meet the following requirements:
a) Under no-load and static conditions, the rollover stability angles, which are
inclined to the left and right, shall be greater than or equal to 35°;
b) Under full load and static conditions, the rollover stability angles, which
are inclined to the left and right, shall be greater than or equal to 23°.
Simulation calculations can also be carried out, with reference to Chapter
6 of GB 28373-2012, under the loading conditions specified by the
enterprise.
4.3 When the towing vehicle is in the vehicle combination state (meeting the
enterprise's product design AND not exceeding the maximum outline size
specified in GB 1589, except for tank vehicles), it shall be subject to the steady-
state rotation test, under full load, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter
10 of GB/T 6323-2014. The understeer of the towing vehicle shall be greater
than 0° /(m/s2) AND less than or equal to 1°(m/s2).
4.4 Towing trucks and vehicle combinations (meeting the enterprise's product
design AND not exceeding the maximum external dimensions specified in GB
1589, except for tank vehicles), shall be subject to the snaking test, under full
load, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 5 of GB/T 6323-2014. For
the peak average yaw velocity of towing trucks (single-vehicle status) and
towing vehicles (vehicle combination state), it shall be less than the lower limit
of QC/T 480's corresponding stake spacing and reference vehicle speed.
4.5 Towing trucks and vehicle combinations (meeting the enterprise’s product
design AND not exceeding the maximum external dimensions specified in GB
1589, except for tank vehicles) shall be subjected to the rollover stability test,
under full load, in accordance with the test method specified in JT/T 884. When
the centripetal acceleration, at the center of mass of the towing truck (single
vehicle state) and the towing vehicle (vehicle combination state) reaches 0.4 g,
neither the towing vehicle nor the trailer will rollover or slip.
4.6 When towing vehicles and trailers travel 500 m, in a straight line at a speed
of 30 km/h, on a flat and dry pavement, under no-load conditions (meeting the
enterprise’s product design AND not exceeding the maximum outline size
specified in GB 1589), in the vehicle combination state, THEN, for the maximum
swing amplitude of the center of the rear axle of the trailer, as relative to the
center of the front axle of the towing vehicle, it shall be less than or equal to 100
mm for the articulated vehicle and center-axle trailer combination, OR less than
or equal to 150 mm for the draw bar trailer combination.
4.7 For the towing vehicles and trailers (meeting the design of the enterprise's
product AND not exceeding the maximum external dimensions specified in GB
5 Braking system
5.1 The pneumatic braking system of the towing vehicle and the trailer shall be
equipped with a device, which has the function of keeping the compressed air
dry AND separating oil and water.
5.2 All service brakes of the towing vehicle and the trailer shall have the function
of automatically adjusting the brake gap.
5.3 The air cylinders and brake air chambers of the brake system, in the towing
vehicles and trailers, shall be equipped with pressure test connectors for air
brake devices. The performance of the pressure test connector shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 5922.
5.4 The towing vehicle shall be equipped with a category-1 anti-lock braking
system, that complies with the provisions of GB/T 13594. The trailer shall be
equipped with a category-A anti-lock brake system, that complies with the
provisions of GB/T 13594. The towing vehicle shall be equipped with a signal
device, which alarms when the anti-lock brake system fails (including the failure
of the trailer's anti-lock brake system). The electromagnetic compatibility of the
anti-lock brake devices, in towing vehicles and trailers, shall comply with the
level 3 requirements in GB/T 18655 as well as the requirements in GB/T 17619.
5.5 Towing vehicles and trailers, which have a maximum speed greater than or
equal to 90 km/h, shall be equipped with electronic braking systems (EBS). The
performance of EBS shall meet the requirements of GB 12676 and GB/T 13594.
5.6 Towing vehicles, which have a maximum speed greater than or equal to 90
km/h, shall be equipped with an automatic emergency braking system (AEBS).
The performance of AEBS shall meet the requirements of JT/T 1242-2019.
5.7 When the towing vehicle adopts pneumatic braking, the rated working air
pressure of the air cylinder of the braking system shall be greater than or equal
to 1000 kPa. The air cylinders of the towing vehicle and the trailer shall meet
the requirements of QC/T 200. The rated working air pressure value of the air
cylinder of the brake system shall be clearly marked on the product label (or
other permanently maintained marks set on the easily visible part of the vehicle).
5.8 When the towing vehicle, which adopts pneumatic braking, is tested in
accordance with the method specified in GB 12676, THEN, the response time
(A), from stepping on the brake pedal to the most unfavorable brake chamber,
shall be less than or equal to 0.6 s. Meanwhile, the response time (B), from
stepping on the brake pedal of the towing vehicle, to the end of the hose
extension of the air pressure control pipeline joint, between the towing vehicle
and the trailer, shall be less than or equal to 0.4 s. For the trailer, which adopts
6 Safety protection
6.1 Towing trucks and trailers shall be equipped with side guards and rear lower
guards. The performance of the guards shall meet the requirements of GB
11567.
6.2 The front lower guards shall be installed on the towing vehicle. The
performance of the guard shall meet the requirements of GB 26511.
6.3 The lifting tailgate shall be equipped with a mechanical locking device,
which prevents the tailgate bearing platform from falling or opening
automatically.
6.4 The cab of the towing vehicle shall have the function of occupant protection.
The performance requirements of the cab shall meet the requirements of 6.4 of
JT/T 1178.1-2018.
6.5 For towing vehicles, which have a maximum speed greater than or equal to
90 km/h, the wheels of a single tire shall be equipped with a tire pressure
monitoring system (TPMS) OR a device, which has tire pressure monitoring
function. The performance of TPMS OR a device, which has tire pressure
monitoring function shall meet the requirements of Appendix B. The
electromagnetic compatibility shall meet the level 3 requirements in GB/T
18655, as well as the requirements in GB/T 17619.
6.6 For towing vehicles, which are equipped with eddy current retarders, a
flame-retardant heat insulation device shall be installed above the installation
location; meanwhile a temperature alarm system or automatic fire extinguishing
device shall be installed.
6.7 The fuel tank of gasoline towing vehicles shall adopt barrier explosion-proof
technology. The barrier explosion-proof technology shall meet the requirements
of JT/T 1046.
6.8 Gas-fueled towing vehicles shall be equipped with automobile static
conductive rubber towing strip. The performance of automobile static
conductive rubber towing strip shall meet the requirements of JT/T 230.
6.9 The installation position and strength of gas cylinders, for gas-fueled towing
vehicles shall meet the requirements of GB 19239. For the towing vehicles,
which use liquefied natural gas as fuel, the installation position and strength of
gas cylinders shall meet the requirements of 4.3.2 in GB/T 36883-2018.
6.10 The safety protection of the fuel system of towing vehicles shall meet the
requirements of GB 7258.
the requirements of GB/T 5053.1, it shall adjust the wiring method of the
standard electrical connector. Line No.2 shall be connected to position
light, outline light, license plate light. Line No.6 shall be connected to the
rear fog lamp. Line No.7 shall be connected to the reversing lamp. The
other wiring methods comply with the provisions of 5.4 in GB/T 5053.1-
2006.
9 Load layout identification and securing points
9.1 For towing trucks and trailers (except tank vehicles, vehicle transport
vehicles, dump trucks), they shall be provided with permanently maintained
load layout identifications, on the easily visible parts of the vehicles. The size of
the identification shall not be less than 160 mm x 100 mm. For the towing trucks,
the drawing of the identification shall consider the load transfer of the draw bar
connector. The drawing principle shall comply with the provisions of 7.2 of JT/T
1178.1-2018. Please refer to Appendix D for the drawing method.
9.2 For the towing trucks (except vehicle transport vehicles), the number,
installation position, strength of the cargo box's securing points shall comply
with the provisions of 7.3 of JT/T 1178.1-2018. For the trailers (except for tank
trailers, container transport semi-trailers, vehicle transport trailers, auto-dump
trailers), the number, installation location, strength of the securing points shall
comply with the requirements of Appendix C of JT/T 882-2014.
9.3 The vehicle transport vehicle shall be accompanied with technical data on
the layout, loading, fastening of the transport vehicle. The loading of the
transport vehicle AND the type selection of the fixing device shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 31083.
10 Alarms and reminders
10.1 The towing vehicle shall have the lane departure warning function and the
vehicle forward collision warning function. The lane departure warning function
shall comply with the requirements of JT/T 883. The vehicle forward collision
warning function shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 33577.
10.2 Gas-fueled towing vehicles shall be equipped with gas leakage alarm
devices. There shall be no gas leakage at all pipe joints.
10.3 At an eye-catching position on the rear part of the center-axle trailer
combination and the draw bar trailer combination, it shall install at least one
rectangular sign plate, on which there are words "long vehicle". The sign plate
shall have a length of 500 mm ± 10 mm AND a width of . The
Appendix B
(Normative)
Technical requirements and test methods for tire pressure
monitoring system
B.1 Technical requirements
B.1.1 Signal device
B.1.1.1 For vehicles, which are equipped with TPMS, they shall be equipped
with signal devices, which have tire under-pressure alarm, tire overpressure
alarm, tire high temperature alarm. In case of under-pressure of tire (less than
or equal to 75% of the recommended tire pressure Prec), overpressure of tire
(greater than or equal to 130% of the recommended tire pressure Prec), high
temperature of tire (greater than or equal to 90 °C), the TPMS system shall
send an optical warning signal to the driver, through a signal device, AND
indicate the specific position of the tire. It may be accompanied by additional
text description OR use the acoustic method to assist alarming.
B.1.1.2 The signal device shall also have a fault alarm function. When the
TPMS fails, it shall send an optical alarm signal to the driver, through the signal
device. It may be accompanied by additional text description OR use the
acoustic method to assist alarming.
B.1.1.3 If tire under-pressure, tire overpressure, tire high temperature alarms,
fault alarms share a signal device, the expression methods of tire under-
pressure, tire high pressure, tire high temperature alarms, fault alarms shall be
clearly distinguished. Meanwhile, it shall be clearly stated in the vehicle's user
manual.
B.1.1.4 The signal device shall meet the following requirements:
a) It has the alarm indicator icon, which is as shown in Figure B.1.
b) It has a close-to-real vehicle outline, which is as shown in Figure B.2,
indicating the position of the warning tire, displaying the tire pressure and
tire temperature.
c) The sign of the signal device is located in an easy-to-observe position, in
front of the driver, to facilitate the driver to observe the signal device’s state.
d) The color of the signal device sign is yellow, when it is lit; this color
requirement does not apply to signal devices, which are located in a
b) When the vehicle is stationary, make the vehicle's ignition switch in the
"OFF" ("LOCK") state. Adjust the air pressure of any one or more tires of
the vehicle to (75% x Prec - 35) kPa. Record the time, from when the
vehicle's ignition switch turns to the "ON" ("RUN") state to when the under-
pressure alarm device lights up.
c) Start the vehicle AND test separately at the vehicle speed, which is
specified in B.2.1.3: After driving for 20 minutes, adjust the pressure of
any tire and multiple tires of the vehicle (when the vehicle is stopped, the
pressure adjustment time of a single test tire shall be less than or equal to
30 s). Record the time, from when tire pressure reaches (75% x Prec - 35)
kPa to the time when the TPMS alarm signal device lights up.
d) After b) and c) test, turn the ignition switch to "OFF" ("LOCK") state. After
5 minutes, turn the ignition switch to "ON" ("RUN") state. Observe the state
of the signal device. After the vehicle is stationary for 1 hour, inflate all tires
to Prec. Observe the state of the signal device.
B.2.4 Overpressure alarm test of tire
Carry out overpressure alarm test on single and multiple tire, according to the
following steps:
a) After the vehicle is stationary for at least 1 hour, inflate all tires to Prec.
b) When the vehicle is stationary, turn the ignition switch of the vehicle into
the "OFF" ("LOCK") state. Adjust the pressure of any one or more tires of
the vehicle to (130% x Prec + 35) kPa. Record the time, from when the
vehicle's ignition switch is turned to "ON" ("RUN") state to when the
overvoltage alarm device lights up.
c) Start the vehicle AND test separately at the vehicle speed, which is
specified in B.2.1.3: After driving for 20 minutes, adjust the pressure of
any tire and multiple tires of the vehicle (when the vehicle is stopped, the
time for adjusting the pressure of a single test tire shall be less than or
equal to 30 s). Record the time, from when the tire pressure reaches (130%
x Prec + 35) kPa to when the TPMS alarm signal device lights up.
d) After the test in b) and c), if the TPMS alarm signal device lights up within
10 s AND the position of the overpressure tire is indicated correctly, turn
the ignition switch to the "OFF" ("LOCK") state. After 5 minutes, turn the
ignition switch to the "ON" ("RUN") state. Observe the state of the signal
device. After the vehicle is stationary for 1 hour, deflate all tires to Prec.
Observe the status of the signal device.
B.2.5 High temperature alarm test of tire
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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