PDF HJ 75-2017 English (HJ/T 75-2007: Older version)
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Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of SO2, NOX, and particulate matter in the flue gas emitted from stationary sources
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Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of flue gas emitted from stationary sources (on trial)
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Technical norm for continuous emissions monitoring of flue gas emitted from thermal power plants
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PDF Preview: HJ 75-2017 PDF Preview: HJ/T 75-2007
HJ 75-2017: PDF in English HJ 75-2017
HJ
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARD
Replacing HJ/T 75-2007
Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of SO2,
NOX, and particulate matter in the flue gas emitted from
stationary sources
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 29, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 01, 2018
Issued by. Ministry of Environmental Protection
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Composition and functional requirements of the continuous monitoring system of flue
gas emissions from stationary pollution sources... 10
5 Technical performance requirements for continuous monitoring system of flue gas
emissions from stationary pollution sources... 10
6 Requirements for monitoring station of continuous monitoring system of flue gas
emissions from stationary pollution sources... 10
7 Installation requirements for the continuous monitoring system for flue gas emissions
from stationary pollution sources... 11
8 Technical indicator performance testing of the continuous monitoring system for flue
gas emissions from stationary pollution sources... 18
9 Technical acceptance of continuous monitoring system for flue gas emissions from
stationary pollution sources... 19
10 Daily operation and management requirements for the continuous monitoring
system of flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources... 29
11 Quality assurance requirements for daily operation of continuous monitoring
systems for flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources... 30
12 Data review and processing of the continuous monitoring system for flue gas
emissions from stationary pollution sources... 34
Appendix A (Normative) Main technical indicators performance testing methods of
continuous monitoring system for flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources
... 37
Appendix B (Informative) Analysis and processing methods for technical indicator
performance testing results of continuous monitoring system for flue gas emissions
from stationary pollution sources... 53
Appendix C (Normative) Calculation method of output parameters of the continuous
monitoring system for flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources... 56
Appendix D (Informative) Original record table of installation, performance testing of
continuous monitoring system for flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources
... 63
Appendix E (Informative) Commissioning and testing report of continuous monitoring
system for flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources... 75
Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of SO2,
NOX, and particulate matter in the flue gas emitted from
stationary sources
1 Scope
This standard specifies the composition and functions, technical performance,
monitoring station, installation, technical index commissioning and testing, technical
acceptance, daily operation management, daily operation quality assurance, data review
and processing requirements of the continuous monitoring system for flue gas
emissions from stationary pollution sources, including gaseous pollutants (SO2, NOX),
particulate matter emissions, as well as related flue gas parameters (oxygen content,
etc.).
This standard applies to the continuous monitoring system for flue gas (SO2, NOX,
particulate matter) emissions from stationary pollution sources such as thermal power
plant boilers, industrial/civilian boilers, industrial furnaces that use solid or liquid as
fuel or raw materials.
The continuous monitoring system for flue gas (SO2, NOX, particulate matter)
emissions from domestic waste incinerators, hazardous waste incinerators, stationary
pollution sources, that use gas as fuel or raw materials, can refer to this standard for
implementation.
Before the corresponding standards for continuous monitoring systems for flue gas
pollutant emissions are officially promulgated and implemented, they can refer to this
standard for implementation.
2 Normative references
The content of this standard refers to the following documents or clauses therein. For
any undated referenced documents, the latest version shall apply to this standard.
GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB 50093 Code for construction and quality acceptance of automation
instrumentation engineering
sources and upstream of the comparison monitoring section;
7.1.1.2 Not affected by ambient light and electromagnetic radiation;
7.1.1.3 The vibration amplitude of the flue shall be as small as possible;
7.1.1.4 The installation location shall avoid the interference of water droplets and water
mist in the flue gas as much as possible. If it cannot be avoided, suitable detection
probes and instruments shall be selected;
7.1.1.5 The installation location shall not leak air;
7.1.1.6 A waterproof low-voltage distribution box shall be set up in the working area
where CEMS is installed, with a leakage protector and no less than two 10 A sockets to
ensure the power required by the monitoring equipment;
7.1.1.7 The sampling platform and sampling holes shall be arranged reasonably;
a) The length of the sampling or monitoring platform shall be ≥ 2 m; the width shall
be ≥ 2 m or not less than 1 m outside the length of the sampling probe. The area
above 1.2 m around shall be provided with safety guardrails, with firm and
required safety measures to facilitate daily maintenance (cleaning optical lenses,
checking and adjusting optical path alignment, testing instrument performance
and replacing parts, etc.) and comparative monitoring.
b) The sampling or monitoring platform shall be easy for personnel and monitoring
instruments to reach. When the sampling platform is set at a height of ≥ 2 m from
the ground, there shall be an inclined ladder (or Z-shaped ladder, spiral ladder)
leading to the platform; the width shall be ≥ 0.9 m. When the sampling platform
is set at a height of ≥ 20 m from the ground, there shall be an elevator leading to
the platform.
c) When CEMS is installed in a rectangular flue, if the height of the flue section is >
4 m, it should not open a reference method sampling hole on the top floor of the
flue; if the width of the flue section is > 4 m, reference method sampling holes
shall be opened on both sides of the flue, a multi-layer sampling platform shall be
set up.
d) Reference method sampling holes shall be reserved downstream of the CEMS
monitoring section; the location and number of sampling holes shall be
determined in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 16157.The inner
diameter of the sampling hole for the reference method of the existing pollution
source shall be ≥ 80 mm; the inner diameter of the sampling hole for the reference
method of the new or rebuilt pollution source shall be ≥ 90 mm. Under the premise
of not affecting the measurement, the sampling hole for the reference method
shall be as close as possible to the CEMS monitoring section. When the flue is a
positive pressure flue or there is toxic gas, a sealed sampling hole with a gate
performance of CEMS; prepare relevant documents such as construction plan,
construction technical flow chart, equipment technical documents, design drawings,
monitoring equipment and accessories goods list handover details, construction safety
details, etc.
7.2.3 The equipment technical documents shall include a list of materials, product
certificates, technical specifications for mechanical structure, electrical and instrument
installation, packing lists, accessories, inspection certificates for purchased parts,
instructions for use, etc.
7.2.4 The design drawings shall comply with the provisions of technical drawings,
mechanical drawings, electrical drawings, building structure drawings and other
standards.
7.2.5 The cleaning, inspection, maintenance of the equipment before installation shall
meet the following requirements.
a) Check the equipment and parts according to the delivery list and installation
drawing list. The defective parts shall be handled and replaced in time.
b) The sliding parts of the running parts such as sampling pumps, compressors,
monitoring instruments, etc. shall be cleaned, lubricated, protected.
c) The structural parts of the instruments and equipment that are deformed due to
transportation shall be corrected; the anti-rust paint and surface paint shall be
repainted. The original markings shall be restored after maintenance.
7.2.6 When the field connection materials (gaskets, nuts, bolts, short pipes, flanges, etc.)
are paired and welded together, the misalignment of the wall (plate) shall meet the
following requirements.
a) The pipe or pipe fitting is aligned and the inner wall is flush, with a maximum
misalignment of ≥ 1 mm;
b) The geometric dimension limit deviation of the flange of the sampling hole and
the connecting flange shall not exceed ±5 mm; the perpendicularity limit
deviation of the flange end face shall be ≤ 0.2%;
c) For the particle monitoring instrument emission unit and particle monitoring
instrument reflection unit using the transmission method principle, the
measurement light beam from the center of the emission hole to the center line of
the opposite side overlap limit deviation is ≤ 0.2%.
7.2.7 The laying of the entire sampling pipeline from the probe to the analyzer shall
adopt a bridge or pipe penetration method, to ensure that the entire pipeline has good
support. The pipeline inclination is ≥ 5° to prevent water accumulation in the pipeline;
a wire clamp is installed every 4 ~ 5 m. When using a heat tracing pipeline, it shall have
the function of stable and uniform heating and heat preservation; the set heating
temperature shall be ≥ 120 °C; it shall be higher than the flue gas dew point temperature
by more than 10 °C; its actual temperature value shall be able to be displayed in the
cabinet or system software.
7.2.8 The installation of the cable tray shall meet the minimum bending radius
requirements of the cable with the largest diameter. The connection of the cable tray
shall use a connecting piece. The distribution bushing shall use steel pipe and PVC pipe
material distribution pipe; its bending radius shall meet the minimum bending radius
requirements.
7.2.9 Power and signal cables shall be laid separately, to ensure the sealing of the cable
passage and cable protection pipe. The automatic control cable shall meet the wiring
and laying requirements of input and output separation, digital signal and analog signal
separation.
7.2.10 The installation accuracy and coordinate dimensions of the connection
components shall comply with the provisions of the technical documents and drawings.
The instruments in the monitoring station room shall be arranged neatly; the
straightness and flatness of the top of the monitoring instrument shall not exceed 5 mm;
the monitoring instrument shall be firmly fixed and reliably grounded. The secondary
wiring is correct, firm, reliable; the end of the distribution wire shall be marked with
the circuit number. The wiring process is neat; the binding is firm; the insulation is good.
7.2.11 All connecting pipelines, flanges, valve sealing gaskets shall be firm and
complete; there shall be no air or water leakage. Keep all pipelines unobstructed; ensure
that the gas valves and drainage systems are unobstructed and flexible to open and close
after installation. After the automatic monitoring system runs at no load for 24 hours,
the pipelines shall not fall off, leak, or vibrate strongly.
7.2.12 The backwash gas shall be dry and clean gas; the backwash system shall be
subjected to a pressure resistance strength test with a test pressure of 1.5 times the
normal working pressure.
7.2.13 The shell protection of electrical control and electrical load equipment shall
comply with the technical requirements of GB 4208, reaching the degree of protection
IP24 indoors and IP54 outdoors.
7.2.14 Lightning protection and insulation requirements
a) The working power supply of the system instruments and equipment shall have
good grounding measures. The grounding cable shall use a single-core sheathed
cable greater than 4 mm2, with a grounding resistance of less than 4 Ω; it cannot
be shared with the lightning protection grounding wire.
b) The lightning protection grounding of the platform, monitoring station, AC power
equipment, cabinet, instrument and equipment metal shell, cable shielding layer
9 Technical acceptance of continuous monitoring system for
flue gas emissions from stationary pollution sources
9.1 General requirements
After the installation, performance testing of CEMS are completed and the network is
connected to the competent department, technical acceptance shall be carried out,
including CEMS technical indicator acceptance and network acceptance.
9.2 Technical acceptance conditions
After the installation, performance testing of CEMS are completed and the following
requirements are met, technical acceptance work can be organized and implemented.
a) The installation location and manual sampling location of CEMS shall meet the
requirements of Chapter 7 of this standard.
b) Data collection and transmission as well as communication protocols shall meet
the requirements of HJ/T 212; a self-inspection report on data collection and
transmission within one month shall be provided. The report shall respond to the
various contents of the data transmission standard.
c) According to the requirements of Chapter 8 of this standard, a 72-hour
commissioning test is carried out; a qualified commissioning test report and
commissioning test result data are provided.
d) After commissioning and testing, the system shall run stably for at least 7 days.
9.3 Acceptance of CEMS technical indicators
9.3.1 General requirements
9.3.1.1 The acceptance of CEMS technical indicators includes the acceptance of
particulate matter CEMS, gaseous pollutant CEMS, flue gas parameter CMS technical
indicators.
9.3.1.2 The acceptance time shall be determined by negotiation between the pollutant
discharge organization and the acceptance organization.
9.3.1.3 During the on-site acceptance, the production equipment shall operate normally
and stably; a certain emission condition can be achieved by adjusting the stationary
pollution source flue gas purification equipment, which shall remain stable during the
test.
9.3.1.4 When replacing the CEMS analyzer or changing the CEMS sampling point
during daily operation, the requirements of 7.1 and 7.2 shall be met respectively; re-
acceptance shall be carried out.
9.3.1.5 Certified standard materials or standard samples must be used for on-site
acceptance. Standard gases with lower concentrations can be obtained by using high-
concentration standard gases by proportional dilution method. The precision of the
proportional dilution device is within 1%. Standard gases are required to be stored in
aluminum or stainless steel bottles with an uncertainty of no more than ±2%.
9.3.1.6 For optical particulate matter CEMS, the actual measurement optical path must
be calibrated during calibration, to ensure that the emitted light first passes through the
exit lens, then through the actual measurement optical path, to the calibration lens, then
through the incident lens to reach the receiving unit. It shall not calibrate only the laser
transmitter and receiver. For extractive gaseous pollutant CEMS, when the whole
system is subject to zero calibration and span calibration, detection of indication error
and system response time, zero gas and standard gas shall be delivered to the sampling
probe through the preset pipeline, returned to the station house through the sample
transmission pipeline, entered the gas analyzer after passing through a full set of
pretreatment facilities.
9.3.1.7 Before acceptance, check the setting of the direct extraction gaseous pollutant
sampling heating pipe, which shall comply with the provisions of 7.2.7.The setting and
actual control temperature of the cold dry CEMS condenser shall be maintained at 2 ~
6 °C.
9.3.2 Acceptance of particle CEMS technical indicators
9.3.2.1 Acceptance content
The acceptance of particle CEMS technical indicators includes the acceptance of
particle zero drift, span drift, accuracy.
9.3.2.2 Zero drift and span drift of particle CEMS
At the beginning of acceptance, manually or automatically calibrate the instrument zero
and range; measure and record the initial zero and range readings; wait until the particle
CEMS accuracy acceptance is completed; at least 6 hours after the initial zero and range
measurement, measure (manually or automatically) and record the zero and range
readings again; then calibrate the zero and range. Calculate the zero drift and span drift
according to formula (A1) ~ formula (A4) in Appendix A.
9.3.2.3 Accuracy of CEMS for particulate matter
Use the reference method to measure the average concentration of particulate matter in
the flue gas of the test section synchronously with CEMS; obtain at least 5 pairs of
measurement results in the same time interval and the same state; calculate the accuracy
of CEMS for particulate matter according to the following method.
2) Introduce high-concentration (80% ~ 100% of the full scale value) standard
gas; adjust the instrument display concentration value to be consistent with the
standard gas concentration value.
3) After the instrument is calibrated as above, the standard gas shall be introduced
in the order of zero gas, high-concentration standard gas, zero gas, medium-
concentration (50% ~ 60% of the full scale value) standard gas, zero gas, low-
concentration (20% ~ 30% of the full scale value) standard gas. If the
concentration of the low-concentration standard gas is higher than the
emission limit, it is necessary to introduce standard gas with a concentration
lower than the emission limit. After the ultra-low emission transformation is
completed, the thermal power pollution source shall also introduce standard
gas with a concentration lower than the ultra-low emission level. Read the
measurement result after the displayed concentration value stabilizes. Repeat
the measurement 3 times and take the average value. Calculate the indication
error according to formulas (A19) and (A20) in Appendix A.
b) System response time.
1) After the CEMS to be tested is running stably, introduce zero point gas
according to the system set sampling flow rate. After the reading is stable,
introduce the range calibration gas at the same flow rate and start timing with
a stopwatch;
2) Observe the analyzer indication until the reading begins to jump; record and
calculate the sample gas pipeline transmission time T1;
3) Continue to observe and record the instrument response time T2 when the
display value of the analyzer to be tested rises to 90% of the nominal value of
the standard gas concentration;
4) The system response time is the sum of T1 and T2.Repeat the measurement 3
times and take the average value.
9.3.3.3 Zero drift and span drift of CEMS for gaseous pollutants and CMS for
oxygen
a) Zero drift.
Introduce zero gas (clean dry air or high-purity nitrogen that has been filtered and
does not contain particulate matter or the gas to be tested) into the system;
calibrate the instrument to zero; test and record the initial reading Z0.After the
accuracy acceptance of gaseous pollutants and oxygen is completed and at least 6
hours after the initial test, introduce zero gas again; record the zero reading Z1
after the reading stabilizes. Calculate zero drift Zd according to formulas (A1) and
(A2) in Appendix A.
ΔXSW - Absolute error of flue gas humidity, %;
n - Number of measurements (≥ 5);
XSWCMS - Average flue gas humidity measured by flue gas humidity CMS and
reference method at the same time, %;
XSWi - Average flue gas humidity measured by reference method, %;
Res - Relative error of flue gas humidity, %
9.3.5 The acceptance test results can be recorded in the form of tables D.1, D.3 ~ D.5,
D.8 in Appendix D.
9.3.6 Technical indicator acceptance test report format
The report shall include the following information (refer to Appendix F).
a) Report identification-number;
b) Testing date and report preparation date;
c) CEMS identification-manufacturer, model and serial number;
d) Name of the company installing the CEMS and the name of the relevant pollution
source where the installation is located;
e) Record of environmental conditions (atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature,
ambient humidity);
f) Standards cited for acceptance of indication error, system response time, zero drift,
span drift;
g) Standards cited for accuracy acceptance;
h) Standard gases used that can be traced back to national standards;
i) Main equipment and instruments used in the reference method;
j) Testing results and conclusions;
k) Test organization;
l) Three-level audit signature;
m) Remarks (other information that the technical acceptance organization considers
relevant to the performance evaluation of the CEMS).
9.3.7 Technical requirements for acceptance of indication error, system response
standard substance or standard sample shall also be recorded. System management and
maintenance personnel shall promptly handle and record any faults or problems found
during routine inspections or maintenance.
CEMS daily operation management shall refer to the format in Appendix G for records.
10.4 Calibration and verification of CEMS
The daily calibration and verification operating procedures of the CEMS system shall
be formulated according to the methods specified in this standard and the cycle
specified in Chapter 11 Quality assurance. Calibration and verification records shall be
filed in a timely manner.
11 Quality assurance requirements for daily operation of
continuous monitoring systems for flue gas emissions from
stationary pollution sources
11.1 General requirements
The quality assurance of daily operation of CEMS is a necessary means to ensure the
normal and stable operation of CEMS and to continuously provide quality-assured
monitoring data. When CEMS fails to meet technical indicators and is out of control,
corrective measures shall be taken in a timely manner; the interval between the next
calibration, maintenance and verification shall be shortened.
11.2 Regular calibration
The regular calibration during the operation of CEMS is an important task in quality
assurance. Regular calibration shall be done as follows.
a) For particulate matter CEMS and gaseous pollutant CEMS with automatic
calibration function, the instrument zero point and span shall be automatically
calibrated at least once every 24 hours; the zero drift and span drift shall be tested
and recorded at the same time;
b) For particulate matter CEMS without automatic calibration function, the
instrument zero point and span shall be calibrated at least once every 15 days; the
zero drift and span drift shall be tested and recorded at the same time;
c) For direct measurement gaseous pollutant CEMS without automatic calibration
function, the instrument zero point and span shall be calibrated at least once every
15 days; the zero drift and span drift shall be tested and recorded at the same time;
d) For extractive gaseous pollutant CEMS without automatic calibration function,
the instrument zero point and span shall be calibrated at least once every 7 days;
the zero drift and span drift shall be tested and recorded at the same time;
e) For extractive gaseous pollutant CEMS, the whole system shall be calibrated at
least once every 3 months. The zero gas and standard gas shall be emitted from
the monitoring station room; the path through which the sample gas passes
(including sampling pipeline, filter, scrubber, regulator, analytical instrument, etc.)
at the end of the sampling probe shall be consistent with that of the sample gas.
The zero point and span drift, indication error and system response time shall be
detected.
f) The flow rate CMS with automatic calibration function shall be calibrated at least
once every 24 hours; the flow rate CMS without automatic calibration function
shall be calibrated at least once every 30 days;
g) The calibration technical indicators shall meet the requirements of Table 4.The
regular calibration records shall be recorded in the form of Table G.4 in Appendix
G.
11.3 Regular maintenance
The regular maintenance during the operation of CEMS is an important task of daily
inspection. The maintenance frequency shall be carried out in accordance with the
instructions in Table G.1 ~ Table G.3 of Appendix G. Regular maintenance shall be
done as follows.
a) The optical mirror shall be cleaned on site in time from the shutdown of the
pollution source to the start of production;
b) The glass window isolating the flue gas and the optical probe shall be cleaned
regularly; the alignment of the instrument optical path shall be checked; the clean
air protection device shall be maintained regularly; the air compressor or blower,
hose, filter and other components shall be checked;
c) The dust and condensation of the filter, sampling probe and pipeline of the gaseous
pollutant CEMS, the aging of the gas cooling components, converter and pump
membrane shall be checked regularly;
d) The dust accumulation and corrosion of the flow rate probe shall be checked
regularly; the working status of the backflush pump and pipeline shall be checked
regularly;
e) Regular maintenance records shall be recorded in the form of Tables G.1 ~ G.3 in
Appendix G.
11.4 Periodic calibration
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
Similar standards: HJ/T 55 HJ 38
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