GB/T 4501-2023 PDF in English
GB/T 4501-2023 (GB/T4501-2023, GBT 4501-2023, GBT4501-2023)
| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 4501-2023 | English | 260 |
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Laboratory test methods for truck and bus tyres capabilities
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| GB/T 4501-2016 | English | 85 |
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Laboratory test methods for truck and bus tyres capabilities
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| GB/T 4501-2008 | English | 70 |
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Laboratory test method for truck and bus tyres capabilities
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| GB/T 4501-1998 | English | 319 |
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Endurance test for truck and bus tyres--Drum method
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| GB/T 4501-1984 | English | RFQ |
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Endurance test for truck and bus tyres--Drum methods
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 4501-2023
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GB/T 4501-2023: PDF in English (GBT 4501-2023) GB/T 4501-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.160.10
CCS G 41
Replacing GB/T 4501-2016
Laboratory test methods for truck and bus tyres capabilities
(ISO 10454:1993, Truck and bus tyres - Verifying tyre capabilities - Laboratory
test methods, MOD)
ISSUED ON: MARCH 17, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Test equipment and its accuracy requirements ... 7
5 Test methods ... 8
6 Judgment rules ... 12
7 Test report ... 14
Annex A (informative) Comparisons on structure numbers between this document and
ISO 10454:1993 ... 15
Annex B (informative) Technical differences between this document and ISO
10454:1993 and their reasons ... 16
Annex C (normative) Correspondence between tyre speed symbols and speeds ... 19
Bibliography ... 20
Laboratory test methods for truck and bus tyres capabilities
1 Scope
This document describes the laboratory test method for the performance verification of
truck and bus tyres, including test equipment and accuracy, test conditions, test steps,
judgment rules and test report. Of the test methods proposed, only certain test methods
are applied depending on the type of tyre to be tested.
This document includes:
- Endurance performance test: evaluate the fatigue resistance performance of the tyre
through the driving time under the specified load and speed;
- High-speed performance test: evaluate the high-speed driving performance of the
tyre according to the tyre speed symbol;
- Strength performance test: evaluate the structural performance of the tyre by
detecting the destructive energy of the tyre crown.
The test methods listed in this document are not suitable for grading the performance
or quality level of tyre products.
This document applies to new pneumatic truck and bus tyres tyres and retreaded
pneumatic truck and bus tyres tyres. Other tyres may be tested with reference to this
document upon negotiation and agreement of relevant parties.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6326, Tyre terms and definitions (GB/T 6326-2014, ISO 4223-1:2002, NEQ)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 6326 as
well as the followings apply.
3.1 test speed
5.1.2.5 After completing the test according to the prescribed procedure, let the test tyre
cool naturally for 15 min ~ 25 min. The tyre pressure shall be measured within this
specified time period. After cooling completely, remove the tyre for visual inspection.
5.2 High-speed performance test (miniature, light truck and bus tyres)
5.2.1 Test conditions
5.2.1.1 The test rim shall comply with the regulations on measuring rims in GB/T 2977
or relevant industry technical documents. Mount the test tyre on the test rim. Fill with
the air pressure corresponding to the load capacity marked on the sidewall of the tyre
(when the conditions of single tyre and twin tyres are specified, the air pressure
corresponding to the load capacity of the single tyre shall prevail).
NOTE: Relevant industry technical documents are only applicable to truck tyre specifications that
are not within the scope of GB/T 2977.
5.2.1.2 The inflated test tyre and rim assembly shall be parked at a temperature of
38°C±3°C for at least 3 h.
5.2.1.3 The time for the test drum to start up to the initial test speed with uniform
acceleration shall be within 10 min.
5.2.1.4 The test conditions shall meet the requirements in Table 4. In Table 4, except
for the first test stage, the speed of each test stage is changed to a stable speed. The time
required shall be within 1 min.
5.2.1.5 Throughout the test process, the ambient temperature shall be kept within the
range of 38°C±3°C.
5.2.2 Test steps
5.2.2.1 Readjust the test tyre pressure after parking to the value specified in 5.2.1.1.
5.2.2.2 Install the test tyre and rim assembly prepared according to the above conditions
on the testing machine. Make it perpendicular to the outer surface of the test drum to
apply the test load. The test load shall be 90% of the maximum load of a single tyre.
5.2.2.3 Carry out the test according to the regulations in Table 4. The whole test process
shall be carried out continuously. Tyre pressure shall not be adjusted. Tyres shall not be
artificially cooled. The test load corresponding to each stage remains unchanged.
5.2.2.4 After completing the test according to the prescribed procedure, let the test tyre
cool naturally for 15 min ~ 25 min. The tyre pressure shall be measured within this
specified time period. After cooling completely, remove the tyre for visual inspection.
that "touching the rim is not worn".
5.3.2.7 Use formula (1) to calculate the failure energy of each point (except point
5.3.2.6).
Where,
W - The destructive energy, in Joule (J);
F - The force, in Newtons (N);
P - The stroke, in millimeters (mm).
5.3.2.8 When using the device for automatically calculating the destructive energy,
when the specified minimum destructive energy is reached, the indenter shall
immediately stop and continue pressing into the tyre.
5.3.2.9 During the test, if the tubeless tyre cannot maintain the inflation pressure, the
inner tube can be installed for the test. But it shall be indicated in the test report.
6 Judgment rules
6.1 Durability test, high-speed performance test
After testing under the conditions specified in this document, the tyre pressure shall not
be lower than the specified initial pressure. If tyre appearance inspection does not have
(tread, sidewall, ply, inner liner, belt, bead) delamination, ply cracks, cord peeling, cord
breakage, chipping (except for PTBC caused by light truck and bus snow tyre durability
test), splitting, cracking of joints and abnormal deformation of carcass, it shall "pass the
test", otherwise it shall "fail the test".
NOTE: Derived tread chipping (PTBC) is a phenomenon that occurs when tyres are tested on a
drum. Shedding of rubber blocks from the tyre tread or tearing without exposing the tyre frame
material (such as carcass ply, belt layer, etc.) will not occur in actual road operation. It usually occurs
during testing of tyres with soft tread compounds or complex tread patterns (such as many fine
grooves).
6.2 Strength performance test
When the destructive energy value of each test point of the metric series tyres for trucks
and buses is not less than the specified value in Table 5, it is judged as "pass the test".
If the destructive energy value of a test point is less than the specified value in Table 5,
it is judged as "fail the test".
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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