GB/T 42442.1-2023 PDF English
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Smart city -- Smart parking -- Part 1: General requirements
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GB/T 42442.1-2023: PDF in English (GBT 42442.1-2023) GB/T 42442.1-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 35.240.01
CCS L 70
Smart City - Smart Parking - Part 1: General Requirements
ISSUED ON: MARCH 17, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms and Definitions ... 6
4 Abbreviations ... 8
5 Overall Architecture ... 8
6 Internet of Things Perception ... 10
7 Network Communications ... 11
8 Computing Storage ... 12
9 Data Support ... 12
10 Application Services ... 14
11 Security Requirements ... 17
Bibliography ... 18
Smart City - Smart Parking - Part 1: General Requirements
1 Scope
This document establishes the overall architecture of smart parking, and specifies the basic
requirements for Internet of Things perception, network communication, computing storage,
data support, application services and security, etc.
This document is applicable to the planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance
of smart parking.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 20851 (all parts) Electronic Toll Collection - Dedicated Short Range Communication
GB/T 22239-2019 Information Security Technology - Baseline for Classified Protection of
Cybersecurity
GB/T 34678-2017 Smart City - Technical Reference Model
GB/T 35070 (all parts) Parking Electronic Toll Collection
GB/T 35273-2020 Information Security Technology - Personal Information Security
Specification
GB/T 40645-2021 Information Security Technology - General Requirements for Security of
Internet Information Services
YD/T 3400-2018 General Technical Requirements of LTE-based Vehicular Communication
YD/T 3922-2021 Technical Requirements for User Equipment of LTE Digital Cellular Mobile
Telecommunication Network (Phase 4)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 smart parking
Smart parking is a smart application that utilizes information and communication technology
to realize the monitoring, management and service of urban parking resources, and improves
the utilization rate of urban parking resources, parking management efficiency and parking
service quality.
3.2 parking lot
Parking lot refers to the site, as well as aboveground and underground structures for motor
vehicle parking. Generally speaking, it is composed of entrances and exits, parking spaces,
passages and ancillary facilities.
NOTE: the parking lot referred to in this document includes on-street parking spaces and urban
public parking lots. Among them, urban public parking lot refers to the independently
occupied parking lot for public services located outside the red line of the rod and the not
independently occupied parking lot for public services built by constructions.
[source: GB/T 51149-2016, 2.0.1, modified]
3.3 parking space
Parking space refers to the space of parking divided for vehicle parking or the part of
mechanical parking equipment for vehicle parking. It consists of the dimensions of the vehicle
itself plus the necessary space around it.
[source: GB/T 51149-2016, 2.0.2]
3.4 on-street parking space
On-street parking space refers to the parking space designated for the parking of motor vehicles
within the red line of the road.
[source: GB/T 51149-2016, 2.0.7]
3.5 parking guidance
Parking guidance refers to a function that utilizes electronic display screens and mobile
terminals, etc. as information carriers to implement real-time release of information such as
parking lot orientation and number of parking spaces to guide vehicles to choose a parking lot.
[source: GB/T 27545-2011, 3.1]
3.6 smart parking platform
Smart parking platform refers to an information system that realizes the integration and opening
of smart parking data and business, and provides users with the access, management, sharing
and exchange, and application support services of parking data for the demands of public
services, operation services and regulatory services, etc.
b) Network communication: this part provides reliable network communication service
support and guarantee for the Internet of Things perception equipment, parking lot
communication equipment, smart parking platform and among vehicles through
wired communication network and wireless communication network;
c) Computing storage: this part provides basic computing and storage support and
guarantee for smart parking application services through relevant computing
resources, storage resources and software resources;
d) Data support: this part provides data source support and guarantee for smart parking
application services through relevant data collection, processing and storage,
management, sharing and exchange;
e) Application services: this part provides urban parking smart services for the public,
parking operating organizations and government supervision departments, and
supports the realization of convenient public services, refined operation services and
standardized regulatory services;
f) Security: this part provides guarantee capabilities in terms of equipment security,
network communication security, data security and application service security for
smart parking by providing relevant security mechanisms and technical measures for
smart parking.
6 Internet of Things Perception
6.1 Basic Requirements
Internet of Things perception mainly realizes the unified perception and intelligent edge
processing functions of smart parking, and provides data collection, intelligent control,
information release and easy payment capabilities for the construction of smart parking
application services.
The basic requirements of Internet of Things perception include:
a) Unified and standard communication protocols and data formats shall be supported
between equipment and smart parking platform, and between equipment and
equipment;
b) Based on the confidential relation configuration strategy issued by the cloud, near-
field interconnection shall be supported between trusted equipment, and equipment
shall be quickly found and connected for task distribution and data transmission;
c) It shall support automatic system configuration after equipment deployment and
access;
d) It shall support OTA upgrade, and support breakpoint resume or retransmission;
e) It shall support reliable data transmission, support message caching, repetition
mechanism and support link disconnection and reconnection mechanism;
f) It shall support self-inspection of equipment security in accordance with the
inspection items and inspection cycle issued by the cloud, and submit the inspection
report to the cloud;
g) Equipment with edge computing capabilities shall support the capabilities of cleaning,
filtering and compressing the collected data;
h) It shall support one-way or two-way certificate authentication capabilities between
the terminal and the cloud.
6.2 Equipment Type
Internet of Things perception may include the following types of equipment:
a) Data collection equipment: equipment that collects information (parking spots,
facilities, images and identities, etc.), such as: geomagnetism, radar, vehicle
recognition cameras, ultrasonic parking space detectors, surveillance cameras, and
ETC antennas, etc.;
b) Intelligent control equipment: equipment for intelligent control of parking entrances
and exits, and parking spaces, such as: intelligent gates and intelligent ground locks,
etc.;
c) Information release equipment: equipment that releases parking-related information
in real time, such as: electronic bulletin boards, inquiry machines, on-site guidance
screens and off-site guidance screens, etc.;
d) Easy payment equipment: equipment for parking fee payment, such as: Internet
payment equipment, bank card payment equipment, cash payment and change
equipment, and ETC card reading equipment, etc.;
e) Edge equipment: conduct unified management of data collection equipment,
intelligent control equipment, easy payment equipment and edge networks, make
collaborative decisions with the cloud, provide computing and intelligent services,
such as: gateways and edge computing nodes, etc.
7 Network Communications
7.1 Wired Communication Network
The wired communication network provides connection and information interaction for the
interconnection between equipment and the interconnection between equipment and smart
parking platform, and realizes corresponding application scenarios and services.
a) Classification by business type: include but not limited to parking resources, related
parties, charging rules, parking facilities, parking records, parking events and
operation management, etc. The data collection content is as follows:
1) Parking resources include the basic information of parking lots and parking
spaces;
2) Related parties include the basic information of parking lot property right
organizations, operation management organizations and supervision
organizations;
3) Charging rules include the basic information of parking lot charging;
4) Parking facilities include the basic information of equipment and facilities
contained in the parking lots;
5) Parking records include the data and information involved in the entry and exit
of vehicles;
6) Parking events include the data and information of parking-related safety events,
operation and maintenance events, and operational events, etc.;
7) Operation management includes the data and information related to parking
operation and parking lot supervision and management.
b) Classification by collection cycle: static collection and dynamic collection. The data
collection content is as follows:
1) The static collection data, which has a relatively long update cycle or is less
updated, includes parking resources, related parties, charging rules and parking
facilities, etc.;
2) The dynamic collection data, which is dynamically updated with parking records
and service contents, includes parking records and operation management, etc.
9.2 Data Processing and Storage
Data processing and storage shall comply with the following requirements:
a) Carry out data cleaning of parking data from different resources, and desensitization
and decryption of data related to personal privacy and security;
b) Guarantee the accuracy, consistency and security of data.
9.3 Data Management
Data management shall comply with the following requirements:
a) Support the management of parking metadata, and unified management of parking
data definition, data type, data format and other attribute information;
b) Support the integration of multi-source data, integrate parking data from different
sources into a unified parking data resource library, and realize unified management
of data;
c) Support data directory management, realize unified data directory management of all
metadata and collected multi-source data, and satisfy the sharing, inquiry and
application demands of parking data.
9.4 Data Sharing and Exchange
Data sharing and exchange shall comply with the following requirements:
a) Support identity identification and authentication when users query and obtain data;
b) Support data sharing and exchange with other smart city systems, including parking
lot data, parking space data, vehicle entry and exit data, and payment records, etc.;
c) Support the sharing and exchange of parking data in multiple fields, and its
application fields include urban transportation services, public safety management,
urban infrastructure management, market supervision and management, emergency
management, tourism services and other scenarios.
10 Application Services
10.1 Overview
In accordance with the type of service objects, smart parking application services can be divided
into three categories: public services, operation services and regulatory services.
10.2 Public Services
The functional requirements of public services are as follows:
a) Information inquiry: it shall support the provision of information inquiry service
functions, such as: the name, location, number of available parking spaces, parking
spaces, parking charge, operating hours and service type of the parking lot to the
public, and realize the function of intelligent recommendation of parking lots around
the destination;
b) Parking guidance: it shall provide gradable parking guidance service function based
on guidance screens or mobile terminals, provide vehicle owners with positioning and
navigation services of the parking lot and on-site parking guidance services, as well
as on-site positioning and navigation services;
c) Easy payment: it shall provide convenient payment functions in multiple modes, such
including but not limited to: financial reconciliation, clearing and settlement, and
invoice management, etc., realize the management service functions of finance-
related bills, funds, accounts and settlement;
f) Operation and maintenance management: it shall provide operation and maintenance
management functions, including but not limited to: fault alarms, log management,
equipment communication status monitoring, and remote maintenance of parking lot,
etc.;
g) Customer service management: it shall provide the customer service function for
parking; for unattended parking lots, remote assistance services should be provided;
h) Data analysis: it should provide the function of data analysis, including but not limited
to: operation income report analysis, resource utilization rate analysis and trend
analysis, etc., realize the operational analysis of parking data and provide decision-
making support for parking lot operation.
10.4 Regulatory Services
The functional requirements of regulatory services are as follows:
a) Static information management: it shall provide the function of basic information
management for off-street parking lots, on-street parking lots and on-street parking
spaces, realize information collection, storage, statistics and maintenance. The basic
information includes, but is not limited to: basic information of parking lot,
information of parking fee standards, information of operating organizations and
information of operating personnel, etc.;
b) Dynamic information management: it shall provide the function of dynamic
information management for parking spaces, vehicles and personnel, etc., including
information reception, storage and maintenance. The collected dynamic information
includes, but is not limited to: information of real-time remaining parking spaces,
information of vehicle entry and exit, and information of service personnel working
status, etc.;
c) Information inquiry and statistical analysis: it shall provide the functions of
information inquiry and statistics for parking spaces, parking equipment, parked
vehicles, operating personnel and operating organizations, etc.
d) Real-time supervision: it shall provide real-time supervision functions for the
remaining parking spaces in off-street parking lots, on-street parking spaces, status of
parking facilities, parked vehicles and service quality, etc.;
e) Auxiliary decision-making: it should provide the auxiliary decision-making function
managed by government departments, such as: demand analysis, business analysis
and digitalized evaluation, etc., including, but not limited to: functions of parking
space supply analysis, price analysis, parking demand analysis, parking gap analysis,
blind-spot parking lot excavation, staggered shared parking lot analysis and parking
index analysis, etc. It can provide law enforcement auxiliary information service
function and assist the management by the supervision departments. The law
enforcement auxiliary information includes, but is not limited to: illegal parking,
occupation of private parking spaces, parking lot embezzlement and arbitrary charges,
etc.
11 Security Requirements
The security requirements of smart parking are as follows:
a) It shall comply with the relevant requirements specified in GB/T 22239-2019 and
GB/T 40645-2021;
b) For data involving personal privacy and security risks, the various links of
information processing shall comply with the relevant requirements specified in GB/T
35273-2020;
c) When the equipment is attacked or hijacked, it can take the initiative to find and report
the abnormality, and automatically isolate it to a safe zone or disconnect it from the
network;
d) The national encryption algorithm shall be preferred, and the key length should be
128 bits or more;
e) The electronic parking fee payment transactions shall support CA digital certificates
and information encryption through digital certificates during the transaction. In
addition, user personal information and transaction data shall be kept confidential.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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