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GB/T 39424.1-2020 PDF in English


GB/T 39424.1-2020 (GB/T39424.1-2020, GBT 39424.1-2020, GBT39424.1-2020)
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GB/T 39424.1-2020: PDF in English (GBT 39424.1-2020)

GB/T 39424.1-2020 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.020 T 04 Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis - Part 1: Vocabulary (ISO 12353-1:2020, MOD) ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 19, 2020 IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2021 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 5 2 Classification ... 5 3 Accident-descriptive elements and data collection ... 8 4 Crash analysis and reconstruction ... 25 5 Data analysis and interpretation ... 34 Index ... 36 Foreword GB/T 39424 "Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis" is divided into 3 parts: - Part 1: Vocabulary; - Part 2: Guidelines for the use of impact severity measures; - Part 3: Guidelines for the interpretation of recorded crash pulse data to determine impact severity. This Part is Part 1 of GB/T 39424. This Part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This Part uses the redraft law to modify and adopt ISO 12353-1:2020 "Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis - Part 1: Vocabulary". Compared with ISO 12353-1:2020, this Part has structural adjustments. The specific adjustments are as follows: - ISO 12353-1:2020 Clause 2, Annex A and Bibliography are not adopted in this Part; - ISO 12353-1:2020 Clauses 3, 4, 5, and 6 have been adjusted to Clauses 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Part, respectively; - ADD the Chinese pinyin index. The technical differences between this Part and ISO 12353-1:2020 and their reasons are as follows: - ADD terms and definitions such as 2.2 "accident participant", 2.22 "impact severity", 3.1.6 "retrospective investigation", 3.2.9 "center line of road", to adapt to the actual application in China; - Delete the terms and definitions in ISO 12353-1:2020 such as 3.7 "towaway accident", 3.12.1 "non-fatal vehicle", 3.15 "towaway vehicle", 3.16 "non- towaway vehicle", 4.2.3 "roadside", 4.3 "road vehicle" and 4.4.8 "treatment". These terms and definitions do not conform to China's road traffic system; - Delete Figure 1, Figure 2, Annex A and Bibliography of ISO 12353-1:2020. These contents do not meet the practical application of road traffic accidents in China. This Part was proposed by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis - Part 1: Vocabulary 1 Scope This Part of GB/T 39424 defines the terms and definitions relevant to the classification of road vehicle traffic accident analysis, accident-descriptive elements and data collection, crash analysis and reconstruction, data analysis and interpretation. This Part is applicable to road vehicle traffic accident investigation, analysis and data application. 2 Classification 2.1 Road vehicle accident Unintended event that involves at least one road vehicle in motion and leads to personal injury or property damage, or both. 2.2 Accident participant A single road user or unit involved in a road vehicle accident. Note: A single vehicle, its occupants, and a single pedestrian are all counted as an accident participant. Road environmental infrastructure or falling objects, animals, etc. are not counted as accident participants. 2.3 First harmful event Event producing the first occurrence of personal injury or vehicle damage in a road vehicle accident. 2.4 Most harmful event Event producing the most serious occurrence of personal injury or vehicle damage in a road vehicle accident. Note: The most harmful event is evaluated for each accident-involved vehicle. If two or more events produce equivalent injury or crush, then select the event that caused the most serious damage for the first time as the most harmful event. 2.5 Accident classification Classification of road vehicle accidents according to the following characteristics (including but not limited to): - Classification by vehicle type, - Classification by personal injury severity, - Classification by vehicle damage severity, - Classification by number of vehicles involved, - Classification by first harmful event, - Classification by location of the accident, - Classification by the way the vehicles collide. 2.6 On-road accident Road vehicle accident in which the first harmful event occurs on the road. 2.7 Off-road accident Road vehicle accident in which the first harmful event occurs off the road. 2.8 Injury accident Road vehicle accident in which at least one person is physically traumatized but no one dies. 2.9 Fatal accident Road vehicle accident in which at least one person sustains a fatal injury. 2.10 Property damage accident Road vehicle accident in which the only outcome is damage to vehicles, or other property, with no injury or death. 2.11 Damaged vehicle Vehicle involved in an accident sustaining damage. 2.12 Undamaged vehicle Vehicle involved in an accident not sustaining damage. 2.13 Single-vehicle accident Road vehicle accident in which only one vehicle is involved. 2.14 Multivehicle accident Road vehicle accident in which at least two vehicles are involved. 2.15 Accident-involved vehicle Vehicle involved in a road vehicle accident. 2.16 Non-injury vehicle Accident-involved vehicle in (or on) which no vehicle occupant sustains an injury. 2.17 Injury vehicle Accident-involved vehicle in (or on) which at least one vehicle occupant sustains an injury but no one dies. 2.18 Fatal vehicle Accident-involved vehicle in (or on) which at least one vehicle occupant sustains a fatal injury. 2.19 Sampling criteria Principle of sampling for an accident investigation referring to different aspects. Note: An aspect of an accident investigation could be a road user, vehicle, injury or fatality, traffic environment or property damage, etc. 2.20 Sampling unit Data collection based on sampling criteria. Example: Injured drivers. 2.21 Data source Origin of data in terms of time and type of investigation, investigation institution or organization, and type of record, etc. 2.22 Impact severity Changes in physical parameters caused by a vehicle being hit. 3 Accident-descriptive elements and data collection 3.1 Accident investigation Acquisition and documentation of information regarding a road vehicle accident. Note: It includes on-scene investigation and retrospective investigation. 3.1.1 First-level investigation Accident investigation of a general survey of the factors involved in a traffic accident. 3.1.2 In-depth investigation Comprehensive and in-depth accident investigation of a traffic accident from the aspects of people, vehicles, roads, and the environment. 3.1.3 Multidisciplinary investigation In-depth investigation conducted by a team of investigators with specialized knowledge encompassing several professional disciplines. 3.1.4 Self-reported investigation Accident investigation based on information and data provided by persons involved in a road vehicle accident. 3.1.5 On-scene investigation Accident investigation conducted at the accident scene before evidence has been removed. 3.1.6 Retrospective investigation Accident investigation that fails to be conducted at the accident scene. 3.2 Accident scene 3.2.4 Traffic island Island-like facility set between lanes and above the road surface to control the direction of the vehicle and ensure the safety of pedestrians. Note: It includes diversion island, center island, safety island, etc. 3.2.5 Bicycle way Roads mainly for bicycles, which can form their own systems in cities. 3.2.6 Sidewalk Part of the road that is separated by curbs or guardrails and other similar facilities for pedestrians. 3.2.7 Curb Boundary stone located at the edge of the road. 3.2.8 Crosswalk Walking range, marked on the carriageway using marking lines such as a zebra crossing or other methods, which allows pedestrians to cross the carriageway. 3.2.9 Center line of road Center line of road breadth. Note: The center line of planned road section is called the planning center line. The center line between the red lines on both sides of the road is called the red-line center line. 3.2.10 Road alignment Three-dimensional shape of the center line of road. Traffic control Systematic or concentrative control of the traffic flow by traffic signals, traffic- control signs (including markings on the road), other traffic-control facilities (traffic-information warning device), etc. 3.2.18 Speed limit Highest or lowest vehicle speed allowed on the road. 3.2.19 Roadside object Facilities, appendages, natural or man-made objects, etc. that exist on the edge of the road. Note: A roadside object can be fixed or non-fixed, deformable or non-deformable. 3.2.20 Rest position Position where an accident participant comes to a final stop after the collision of the road vehicle accident. 3.2.21 Trace mark Mark that characterizes the relative contact of vehicles at the scene of a road vehicle accident. Example: Scrape mark, scratch mark, gouge mark. 3.2.21.1 Transfer mark Trace mark caused by relative contact between vehicle components and other surfaces. 3.2.21.2 Critical speed mark Trace mark caused by the non-parallel trajectory of the driven wheel and the vehicle, which can be divided into A-pillar, B-pillar and C-pillar, etc. from the windscreen to the rear of the vehicle. 3.2.23 Rock panel Side beams connecting the front and rear pillars at the lower part of both sides of the vehicle body. 3.2.24 Roof side rail Longitudinal reinforcement members on both sides of the vehicle roof. 3.2.25 Upper beam Transverse reinforcement members between the two sides of the roof of the vehicle. 3.2.26 Original equipment Equipment equipped by the automobile manufacturer. 3.2.27 Post-mounted equipment Equipment equipped after the vehicle leaves the factory. 3.2.28 Aftermarket equipment Post-mounted equipment not designated by the manufacturer. 3.2.29 Active safety Vehicle system or function used to avoid collisions in the pre-collision phase of road vehicles. Example: Electronic stability system, automatic emergency braking system. Classification of the contact deformation of passenger cars caused by road vehicle accident. Note: CDC is a 7-bit character composed of letters and numbers. 3.2.34 Truck deformation classification; TDC Classification of the contact deformation of trucks caused by road vehicle accident. Note: TDC is a 7-bit character composed of letters and numbers. 3.2.35 Wrap around distance; WAD Geometric track formed by one end of a flexible tape measure on the outer surface of the front structure of vehicle, by laterally moving the flexible tape measure along the front structure of the vehicle in the longitudinal vertical plane of the vehicle. 3.2.36 Crush State of the vehicle deviating from its original dimensions. 3.2.36.1 Residual crush Crush remaining when all parts of a vehicle have ceased moving, and after any restitution, following impact. 3.2.36.2 Elastic crush Portion of dynamic crush recovered after the collision force is removed. 3.2.36.3 Dynamic crush Maximum degree of crush reached by a vehicle in a collision, which is the sum of residual crush and elastic crush. Note: This includes damage resulting from rescue, towing, and salvage operations. 3.2.41 Mass at impact Total mass of the vehicle at the time of a collision. Note: It includes the mass of occupants, luggage, cargo, etc. 3.2.42 Effective mass at impact Mass at impact minus the mass not contributing to the residual crush. Note: The mass not contributing includes the mass of unrestrained vehicle occupants and luggage. 3.2.43 Interior damage description Description of the damage inside the vehicle through text. Example: Deformation, displacement, separation, intrusion, penetration, etc. 3.2.44 Occupant compartment intrusion Reduction of space of the occupant compartment caused by external influences. Note: Include dynamic or residual. 3.2.45 Interior component displacement Relative displacement between the internal components of the vehicle due to a road vehicle accident. 3.3 Road user Any person on the road. 3.3.1 ......
 
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.