GB/T 37153-2018 PDF English
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Acoustic vehicle alerting system of electric vehicles running at low speed
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GB/T 37153-2018: PDF in English (GBT 37153-2018) GB/T 37153-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.20
T 35
Acoustic vehicle alerting system
of electric vehicles running at low speed
[ECE-R138, Uniform provisions concerning the approval of Quiet Road
Transport Vehicles with regard to their reduced audibility (QRTV), NEQ]
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 28, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 01, 2019
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 General requirements ... 6
5 Test methods ... 8
Acoustic vehicle alerting system
of electric vehicles running at low speed
1 Scope
This Standard specifies requirements and test methods for vehicle speed range,
sound level limit, frequency requirements, sound type, and pause switch of
acoustic vehicle alerting system of electric vehicles running at low speed
(hereinafter referred to as “acoustic-alerting system”).
This Standard is applicable to pure electric vehicles of the Category-M1 and N1
categories, hybrid electric vehicles with pure electric driving modes, and fuel
cell electric vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB 1495, Permissible noise limit emitted by power-driven vehicles
GB/T 3241-2010, Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-
band filters
GB/T 3785.1-2010, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1.
Specifications
GB/T 12534, Motor vehicles - General rules of road test method
GB/T 15173-2010, Electroacoustics - Sound calibrators
GB/T 19596, Terminology of electric vehicles
GB 50800-2012, Technical code for anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T
19596 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 acoustic vehicle alerting system; AVAS
a system for issuing a prompt sound to effectively transmit information to other
road users when the noise value emitted by the vehicle is below a certain value
3.2 acoustic vehicle alerting system of electric vehicle running at low
speed
a prompt sound from the vehicle’s acoustic-alerting system when the speed of
the electric vehicle is lower than a certain value
3.3 acoustic vehicle alerting system pause switch
a device for turning on/off the alerting on an electric vehicle
3.4 frequency shift
the change caused when prompt tone rate of electric vehicle driving at low
speed varies as vehicle speed
3.5 front plane of the vehicle
a vertical plane tangent to the front edge of the vehicle
3.6 rear plane of the vehicle
a vertical plane tangent to the trailing edge of the vehicle
3.7 sound pressure level; SPL
the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of the square root sound pressure to the
reference sound pressure multiplied by 20
NOTE. Expressed in decibels (dB).
3.8 weighted sound level
sound level measured by a weighted network filter
3.9 total sound level
according to a certain method of weighting, the parameters of the integrated
sound strength that are consistent with the characteristics of the human
auditory system are finally obtained; the range of sound frequencies covered is
20Hz~20kHz
The vehicle manufacturer may offer a variety of alternative sound types. Drivers
can choose. And each sound shall meet the requirements of 4.1~4.3 when
tested in Clause 5.
The acoustic-alerting system of electric vehicle running at low speed cannot
use special vehicle’s specific sound effects. It is recommended to use a sound
similar to a traditional engine.
4.5 Pause switch
4.5.1 For vehicles equipped with the acoustic-alerting system, the manufacturer
can choose whether to configure the pause switch.
4.5.2 The pause switch shall be placed in a position where the driver can see,
touch and operate under normal driving conditions.
4.5.3 When the pause switch is activated, there shall be a clear signal device
(acoustic, optical, electrical or other device) release signal to alert the driver
that the acoustic-alerting system running at low speed has been suspended.
4.5.4 When the vehicle is returned to the "OFF" state with the key or the start
button and then restarted, the acoustic-alerting system shall start working again.
4.5.5 If the vehicle is equipped with a pause switch, the manufacturer shall
make the following instructions to the customer regarding the functional impact
in the user manual information.
“The acoustic-alerting system pause-switch can only be used when there is no
other road user in a short distance AND the surrounding environment obviously
does not need an acoustic-alerting system.”
5 Test methods
5.1 Test equipment
5.1.1 Meteorological measuring equipment
Meteorological measuring instruments are mainly used to monitor
environmental conditions during the test. The accuracy shall meet the following
requirements.
- Temperature measuring equipment. ±1°C;
- Wind speed measuring equipment. ±1m/s;
- Air pressure measuring device. ±5hPa;
- Relative humidity test equipment. ±5%.
5.2 Weather condition
During the test, meteorological conditions shall meet the following requirements.
- Temperature. 5°C ~ 40°C;
- Wind speed. ≤5m/s.
Meteorological equipment shall provide representative data of the test site and
shall be placed in an area close to the test area. Its height shall be the typical
microphone height.
During the test, there shall be no sediment in the air (such as rain, hail, etc.),
and the surface of the test site shall be kept dry.
During the test interval, the values of temperature, wind speed, wind direction,
relative humidity, and air pressure shall be recorded.
5.3 Test site
5.3.1 Outdoor test
5.3.1.1 Outdoor test conditions
Outdoor test sites and pavements shall comply with the requirements of GB
1495.
There must be no large reflective objects in the space with a radius of 50m in
the center of the road, such as walls, rocks, bridges or other buildings. The test
road and the ground of the site shall be kept dry and there shall be no sound-
absorbing materials such as powdered snow or loose debris.
5.3.1.2 Microphone position
The microphone placement position is shown in P and P' in Figures 1 and 2. Its
distance to the CC' line is 2.0m ± 0.05m, and 1.2m ± 0.02m upward on the
ground surface. The reference direction shall be horizontal and point vertically
to the CC' line of the vehicle's operation.
4.5≤ΔL< 6 1.5
3≤ΔL< 4.5 2.5
ΔL< 3 Invalid test data
If there is a clear abrupt sound in the measurement, the measurement result
shall be invalid.
The correction of the measurement result is effective only when the difference
between the maximum value and the minimum value in the background noise
measurement is ≤2dB.
When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in
the background noise measurement is >2dB, the correction of the
measurement result is effective only when the noise outside the vehicle
exceeds the background noise by 10dB (including 10) or more.
When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in
the background noise measurement is >2dB and the noise outside the vehicle
exceeds the background noise by less than 10dB, the measurement result is
invalid.
The correction scheme in Table 2 is not applicable when performing 1/3 octave
measurement.
5.5.3 1/3 octave background noise requirement
When analyzing 1/3 octave according to this Standard, the background noise
level of each focus 1/3 octave analyzed according to 5.5.1 shall be less than
1/3 octave measurement of the noise value of the vehicle or external acoustic-
alerting system during the test, not less than 6dB. The background noise level
of A weighting shall be at least 10dB(A) below the measured value of the vehicle
or acoustic-alerting system.
1/3 octave measurement cannot be compensated for background noise.
5.6 Vehicle sound level test
5.6.1 Operating mode selection
Each vehicle speed shall be tested at least 4 times for various speed states
specified in 4.2 sound level limit.
If the vehicle is equipped with a variety of operating modes selected by the
driver, the mode shall be selected to produce the lowest noise under conditions
of 5.6.
If the operating mode is selected by the vehicle from a variety of modes, the
vehicle manufacturer is responsible for determining the test mode in which the
5.6.2.3 Reverse test
5.6.2.3.1 Reverse test during driving
When the vehicle is tested in the outdoor field shown in Figure 6, the path of
the vehicle centerline shall be as close as possible to the CC' line throughout
the test. The rear plane of the vehicle shall pass through the AA’ line at the
beginning of the test. The front plane of the vehicle shall pass through the BB'
line at the end of the test, as shown in Figure 2. The vehicle shall maintain a
constant test speed throughout the operation.
The vehicle is tested indoors, and the front plane of the vehicle shall be placed
on the PP' line as shown in Figure 5. The vehicle shall maintain a constant test
speed for at least 5s.
The constant speed test condition is 6km/h, and the test speed shall be
controlled at 6km/h±2km/h.
For automatic vehicles, the shift lever shall be placed in the normal driving
position specified by the manufacturer.
For manual transmission vehicle, the shift lever shall be placed at the highest
gear that can achieve the target speed at a continuous engine speed.
5.6.2.3.2 Simulated reverse test under vehicle static state
When the vehicle is being tested indoors or outdoors, the rear plane of the
vehicle shall be placed on the PP' line as shown in Figure 5 of 5.3.2.2. By
providing an external signal to simulate the test vehicle speed, the vehicle shall
maintain a constant simulated test speed of at least 5s.
When the constant speed test condition is 6km/h, the simulated vehicle speed
shall be controlled at 6km/h±0.5km/h.
5.6.2.3.3 Reverse test of vehicle under static condition
Vehicles tested in indoor or outdoor facilities shall have their rear plane lying on
the PP' line as shown in Figure 5.
The vehicle shift lever shall be placed in the reverse-gear position. The brake
remains released during the test.
5.6.3 Measurement data and recorded values
Under each test condition, at least 4 measurements shall be taken on both sides
of the vehicle.
The result of the first 4 consecutive measurements under each test condition,
The vehicle shall be placed in an indoor venue with a chassis dynamometer
that can simulate an outdoor test mode. The position of all the microphones is
placed under the test state specified in Figure 4. The front plane of the vehicle
should be placed on the PP' line.
The sound emitted by the vehicle during the acceleration from 5km/h to 20km/h
shall be measured with the vehicle as a step of 5km/h. In this acceleration
process, when the vehicle speed is lower than or equal to 10km/h, the
acceptable error range is ±2km/h. When the vehicle speed is higher than
10km/h, the acceptable error range is ±1km/h. The lowest target speed is 5km/h.
If the vehicle cannot operate at a given accuracy, it shall be replaced with a
minimum speed of less than 10km/h.
5.7.4.4 Method Five. Indoor test of parts
The acoustic-alerting system running at low speed shall be installed in the
indoor facilities in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The
microphone of the measuring device shall be placed at a position 1 m away
from the acoustic-alerting system running at low speed. And the direction shall
ensure that the sound from the acoustic-alerting system running at low speed
is the loudest.
The sound emitted by the vehicle during the acceleration from 5km/h to 20km/h
shall be measured with the vehicle as a step of 5km/h. In this process, the error
of each test speed is ±0.5km/h.
5.7.5 Data record
5.7.5.1 Method One
Each speed specified in 5.7.4.1 shall be measured at least 4 times. The sound
of each segment of the two microphone positions emitted by the vehicle from
the AA' line to the BB' line shall be recorded. For each measured sound, a
segment from the AA' line to the 1m position before the PP' line shall be taken
for further analysis.
5.7.5.2 Method Two, Method Three, Method Four, Method Five
The sound emitted by each of the above specified speeds shall be measured
for at least 5s.
5.7.6 Data processing
For each recorded sound sample, the average self-power spectrum shall be
determined by using a Hanning window and an at least 66.6 % overlap average.
A sufficient narrow frequency resolution shall be chosen to allow for separation
of frequency shifts under each target condition. The speed of each sound
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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