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Road vehicles -- Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy -- Part 1: General
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GB/T 33014.1-2016: PDF in English (GBT 33014.1-2016) GB/T 33014.1-2016
Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 1. General
ICS 43.040.10
T36
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Road vehicle electrical/electronic components for narrowband radiation
Electromagnetic energy immunity test method
Part 1. General provisions
Disturbancesfromnarrowbandradiatedelectromagneticenergy-Part 1. General
(ISO 11452-1..2005, Roadvehicles-Componenttestmethodsforelectrical
Part 1. Generalprinciplesandterminology, MOD)
2016-10-13 release.2017-11-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People 's Republic of China
China National Standardization Management Committee released
Preface
GB/T 33014 "Road vehicles electrical/electronic components of narrow-band radiation electromagnetic energy immunity test method" includes the following parts.
- Part 1. General provisions;
Part 2. Anechoic chamber method;
- Part 3. transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) chamber method;
- Part 4. High current injection (BCI) method;
- Part 5. Stripe line method;
- Part 7. Radio frequency (RF) power direct injection method;
- Part 8. Magnetic field immunity method;
- Part 9. Portable transmitter simulation;
Part 10. Conduction immunity method for extended audio range;
Part 11. Reverberation chamber method.
This part is part 1 of GB/T 33014.
This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part uses the re-drafting method to modify the use of ISO 11452-1..2005 "road vehicles narrowband radiation electromagnetic energy caused by electrical harassment
Part Test Methods Part 1. General and Terminology "and ISO 11452-1AMD1..2008.
The technical differences between this section and ISO 11452-1..2005 are as follows.
- the preparation of Chapter 1 in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009;
- the addition of the normative reference document in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2009, which included a number of criteria used in the text;
--- Because the original international standard of this series has been increased to 11 parts, but other parts and 1 to 5 parts can not be synchronized to change, because
This is not the case in Table 1, so the deletion of the original international standard Table 1, part 7, only to retain the first part of the conversion;
- the original international standard in the definition of terms and GB/T 29259 have repeated, given to delete, instead refer to the national standard, to avoid repeated definition;
--- the contents of the original international standard Chapter 3 included in 4.1, the contents of the original 4.1 included in 4.2, and the original international standard Chapter 3
And Chapter 4 are merged to maintain correspondence with the original international standard structure;
- the original international standard in.2008 and added a revised version of the Appendix A functional characteristics of the status classification (FPSC) made a lot of tone
The whole, taking into account the current international standards on the functional characteristics of the classification (FPSC) understanding and requirements tend to the new version,
In this section, revised version.2008 is applied to Appendix A;
--- A.1 and A.2 are described in the original International Standard Appendix A (2008 Edition) for functional characteristic status classification (FPSC)
When the content and the title does not fully correspond to this part of the upper and lower content of a comprehensive sort, the functional characteristics of the state points
Class (FPSC) principle integrated into A.2, so that the upper and lower content and the corresponding title, easy to understand and use the standard.
The following editorial changes have been made in this section.
--- The preface, introduction and reference of the original international standard were deleted.
This part is made by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This part is owned by the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC114).
This part of the drafting unit. China Automotive Technology Research Center, Suzhou Tai Site Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Automotive Commercial Vehicle Technology
Heart, Shanghai Automotive Group Passenger Car Company, Shanghai Volkswagen Automobile Co., Ltd., China Electronic Technology Standardization Institute, Changchun Automobile Inspection
Heart, Shenzhen City Hang Sheng Electronics Co., Ltd., China Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd., Denso (in
State Investment Co., Ltd., Toyota Automotive Technology Center (China) Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this part. Xu Xiuxiang, Ding Yifu, Sun Chengming, Chen Yanlei, Ma Fangchi, Liu Xinliang, Lin Yanping, Ma Shaoqi, Deng Xianghong,
Liu Xin, Zhang Hong, Chang Genglin, Qin Feng, Zang Pengpeng.
Road vehicle electrical/electronic components for narrowband radiation
Electromagnetic energy immunity test method
Part 1. General provisions
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 33014 specifies the basic conditions for the electrical/electronic component (ESA) test for continuous narrowband radiated electrical disturbances,
Test equipment and test procedures.
This part applies to M, N, O, L vehicles (not limited to vehicle power systems such as spark ignition engines, diesel engines, electric
Machine) with electrical/electronic components.
Note. This series of standard immunity test for the frequency range of 0.01MHz ~ 18000MHz continuous narrow-band electromagnetic field.
2 normative reference documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, the only dated edition applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all modifications) applies to this document.
GB/T 29259 Electromagnetic compatibility terminology for road vehicles
GB/T 33014.2 Road vehicles - Test methods for the immunity of electrical/electronic components to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 2. Electrical
Wave chamber method (GB/T 33014.2-2016, ISO 11452-2..2004, MOD)
GB/T 33014.3 Road vehicles - Test methods for immunity of electrical/electronic components to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 3.
Electromagnetic wave (TEM) chamber method (GB/T 33014.3-2016, ISO 11452-3..2001, MOD)
GB/T 33014.4 Road vehicles - Test methods for immunity of electrical/electronic components to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 4. Large
Current injection (BCI) method (GB/T 33014.4-2016, ISO 11452-4..2005, MOD)
GB/T 33014.5 Road vehicles - Test methods for immunity of electrical/electronic components to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 5. Tape
Line method (GB/T 33014.5-2016, ISO 11452-5..2002, MOD)
3 terms and definitions
GB/T 29259 Definitions of terms and definitions apply to this document.
4 test conditions
4.1 General provisions
The test methods, procedures, test apparatuses, and grades specified in this series of standards are used to determine whether ESA is responsible for narrowband radiation electromagnetic energy
The interference characteristics of electrical harassment provide the basis for the agreement between the vehicle manufacturer and the component supplier.
Some ESAs are very sensitive to some of the characteristics of electromagnetic disturbance signals (such as frequency, severity, coupling, or modulation type)
Some are more sensitive to modulated RF signals than unmodulated signals because high frequency disturbances may be demodulated by semiconductor devices; unmodulated signals may
Will lead to continuous fluctuations in voltage and other characteristics, and amplitude modulation signal is demodulated after the low-frequency fluctuations in the signal may be mistaken by the electronic device is
Useful signal (such as speed information), then the device under test (DUT) is more vulnerable to serious interference.
A single test method may not reflect all the information about DUT immunity. Therefore, the use of this series of standards should be pre-determined appropriate
Test conditions, select the corresponding part of GB/T 33014, define the performance indicators of the DUT. The main characteristics of each test method are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 The main characteristics of the test methods in the standard
Series of standards
Applicable frequency range
MHz
Coupling object
Test the harsh grade
Parameters and units
Remarks
GB/T 33014.2
Wave chamber method
80 ~ 18000 DUT and harness electric field (V/m) anechoic chamber
GB/T 33014.3
Transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) chamber method
0.01 ~.200 DUT/Harness Electric Field (V/m)
DUT/size of the harness
limited
GB/T 33014.4
High current injection (BCI) method
1 ~ 400 harness current (mA) shielding room
GB/T 33014.5
Strip line method
0.01 ~ 400 harness electric field (V/m)
Shielding room
The size of the harness is limited
4.2 Test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the following test conditions apply to all parts of GB/T 33014.
--- test temperature;
--- test voltage;
--- Modulation;
Stay time
The frequency step
--- the definition of the harsh rating;
--- test signal quality.
Unless otherwise specified, the tolerances of the parameters used are as follows.
--- duration and distance. ± 10%;
Resistance and impedance. ± 10%;
--- Power meter. ± 1dB;
--- field strength probe. ± 3dB.
4.3 Test temperature
The ambient temperature during the test shall be (23 ± 5) ° C, and if the supply and demand sides agree that the use of other test temperatures shall be stated in the test report.
4.4 Test voltage
During the test the power supply voltage is.
--- 12V power system. (13.5 ± 0.5) V;
--- 24V power system. (27 ± 1) V.
If the supply and demand sides agree on the use of other test voltage should be described in the test report.
4.5 Modulation
The type and frequency of the modulation signal is determined by the characteristics of the DUT. If no other specification is specified, the following signals shall be used.
--- Unmodulated sine wave (CW), see Figure 1a);
- Modulated sine wave (AM) with modulation frequency of 1 kHz and modulation depth of 0.8, see Figure 1b) and Appendix B;
--- pulse width of 577μs, the cycle is 4600μs pulse modulation sine wave (PM), see Figure 1c).
The actual test can not use the pulse generated by the amplifier on and off or 100% AM modulation wave (modulation depth m = 1) to replace
PM modulation wave.
Description.
F - frequency. 1kHz;
T --- time. μs.
Figure 1 Modulation
The applicable frequency range for the modulation signal is as follows.
--- CW. 0.01MHz ~ 18000MHz;
--- AM. 0.01MHz ~ 800MHz;
--- PM. 800MHz ~ 18000MHz.
4.6 dwell time
At each frequency point, the time that the DUT is exposed to the test field strength should be no less than the minimum response time required to control the DUT. Any situation
, The residence time shall not be less than 1s.
4.7 Frequency step size
The frequency step (log or linear step) in each test shall not be greater than that specified in Table 2. If the supply and demand sides agreed to use other frequency steps
Long should be stated in the test report.
Table 2 Frequency step
Band
MHz
Linear step size
MHz
Logarithmic step size
0.01 ≤ f ≤ 0.1 0.01 10
0.1 f≤1 0.1 10
1 f≤10 1 10
Table 2 (continued)
Band
MHz
Linear step size
MHz
Logarithmic step size
10 f≤200 5 5
200 f≤400 10 5
400 f≤1000 20 2
1000 f≤18000 40 2
If the sensitivity threshold of the DUT is close to the selected test level, the frequency step near the sensitive frequency point should be appropriately reduced to determine the sensitivity
Degree threshold.
4.8 Test the definition of harsh rating
The severity level should be defined by frequency range. Functional characteristics Classification (FPSC) is defined in Appendix A. Whether using alternative methods or
Closed-loop test, regardless of the test signal is the use of unmodulated signal or amplitude modulation, pulse modulation signal, test harsh rating (electric field, current,
Voltage or power) are based on the equivalent rms value of the unmodulated signal.
Both the alternative method and the closed-loop method adopt equal peak test levels for unmodulated and amplitude modulated signals (see Appendix B). The average power of the amplitude modulated signal
The relationship between the average power of the unmodulated signal is given by.
PAM =
2 m2
2 (1 m) 2
PCW
Where.
PAM --- the average power of the AM signal;
PCW --- the average power of the unmodulated signal;
M --- modulation depth (0 ≤ m ≤ 1).
For example, a test severity of 20 V/m means that the peak value of the unmodulated test signal and the modulation test signal is 28 V/m.
4.9 Test signal quality
The test signal quality is shown in 5.4.
5 test equipment
5.1 Analog load
The DUT should be connected to the actual sensor and load.
If some loads and sensors are not easy to use, you can use an analog load equivalent to their electrical characteristics, but should ensure that the analog load is complete
The test frequency range has the same impedance characteristics as the actual device. Such as analog motors can use two resistors, one inductor and one
Capacitance of the network.
5.2 Earthing and shielding
Should establish a unified radio frequency measurement conditions, grounding according to the following provisions.
The ground plate shall consist of copper, brass or galvanized steel, with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm. The length and width should conform to the series of standards
Off request.
When a test method requires a system layout, the DUT, the artificial network, the terminal load should meet.
--- placed on the ground plate;
--- according to the actual installation of the vehicle to determine and ground plate is lap;
--- Do not allow other grounding (except DUT assembly instructions are required).
If there is no special requirements in the installation manual, can not be shielded.
5.3 Power supply
Power supply DC resistance Rs should be less than 0.01Ω, the frequency is less than 400Hz when the power supply internal impedance Zs should be equal to Rs. When negative
When the load current from zero to the maximum (including the impact of current), the output voltage deviation should not exceed 1V, the power supply should be at least 100μs
63% of the maximum output voltage. The peak-to-peak value of the ripple voltage UR superimposed on the DC voltage should not exceed 0.2V and the frequency does not exceed
400Hz.
When using a standard power supply to simulate a battery, the standard power supply should have sufficient output current and should have a low internal resistance of the battery.
When using a battery, use a charging power supply that meets the specified standard level and ensure that the charging power supply does not affect the test.
5.4 Test signal quality
In the range of bandwidths defined by amplifiers and antennas (transducers), unless otherwise specified in the test method or test plan,
The amplifier output harmonic content (to the fifth harmonic) should be at least 12 dB lower than the carrier (at least 6 dB below 1 GHz). Signal quality only in the standard
Regularly validated.
6 Test procedures
6.1 Test Plan
Before the test, a pilot plan should be developed, including the following.
--- DUT test harsh rating;
--- DUT monitoring conditions;
Band
---experiment method;
--- DUT working mode;
--- DUT acceptance criteria;
Polarization;
--- DUT direction and ground;
--- Antenna location;
--- the contents of the test report;
- other special instructions and differences in relative standard tests.
Note. The above items can be selected according to the test method.
6.2 Test methods
6.2.1 General
The following methods are used for the relevant part of GB/T 33014.
6.2.2 Alternative method
Use forward power as the reference parameter for calibration and testing. The specific test level (electric field, current, voltage or power) should be measured before the test
set. Test the DUT by applying a test signal to a predetermined calibration value in the test plan. Calibration and testing of forward power during the test and
The reflected power should be recorded.
The forward power required for the test signal can be derived from the following equation according to the calibration value.
Pfor = Pforcal
Ltss
Lcal
Where.
Pfor --- forward power;
Pforcal --- calibrated forward power;
Ltss --- test signal harsh rating;
Lcal --- calibration level;
K --- coefficient, the test level is the power value k is 1, the test level for the electric field, current or voltage value when k is 2.
6.2.3 closed-loop method
In the actual test, the test level (electric field, voltage, current or power) is measured with a calibration device and fed back to the signal generator in order to increase
Or reduce the test level until a predetermined level is reached.
6.3 Calibration
Should be calibrated separately according to the requirements of each test method. The untested sine wave should be used to determine the test level relative to the frequency. each
Sub-calibration methods and results should be recorded in the test report.
6.4 DUT immunity measurement
Frequency conversion when the disturbance signal should be kept at a predetermined test level unchanged (signal generation device is stable), can also be shown in Figure 2 at the frequency
Decrease the test level before converting the rate. The selected method and related parameters shall be defined in the test plan.
Description.
A --- amplitude;
T --- time;
1 --- predetermined signal level;
2 - Signal rise time defined in the pilot plan (avoidance of the overshoot level adjustment algorithm related to the test system);
3 --- dwell time (≥ 1s);
4 - the signal fall time defined in the pilot plan;
5 - Recovery time (≥0s) of the DUT defined in the test plan;
6 --- Restore the test signal level required for the DUT function.
Figure 2 Example of application of harassment signal
Standard users should note the following points to ensure that the test proceed smoothly.
The analog circuit system may be sensitive only to moderate interference levels;
--- sudden interference may cause test error;
--- The signal conversion moment may cause DUT failure.
The characteristics of the interfering signal may be changed by the signal generation process (eg modulation depth, harmonic suppression, etc.).
6.5 Test Report
According to the requirements of the pilot plan, the test report shall be submitted to the relevant DUT, test arrangement, test system, test signal quality information, frequency, power
Level, system interaction details, and other information related to the test.
Appendix A
(Normative appendix)
Functional characteristics State classification (FPSC)
A.1 General
This appendix describes the functional characteristics of the DUT, ie how a DUT works as expected under the influence of a particular test signal.
Out of the DUT in the narrowband radiation electromagnetic immunity test and after the test of the general definition of qualified conditions, and GB/T 33014 should be related
Part of the combination.
The test shall be carried out in the test environment specified in the relevant part of GB/T 33014 or the actual electromagnetic environment of the vehicle in which the simulation device is located.
Help standard users to optimize the design of potential sensitive components and systems.
This appendix does not specify specific parameters for the severity of the test signal, as determined by the vehicle manufacturer and the component supplier.
A.2 Functional characteristics State classification (FPSC) method
Functional characteristics State classification (FPSC) takes into account the following factors.
A) An ESA may include one or more functions (eg, an electronic control unit can control the front wiper, pedal lights, near
Light);
B) One function can have one or more operating modes (eg, the low beam ON, the low beam OFF, the stepping light ON, the stepping light
OFF);
C) An operating mode can have several states (I, II, III, IV) (eg, the low beam ON mode of operation, during the harassment period
Light OFF, harassment stops after the light can automatically resume, this situation is considered state Ⅱ).
The FPSC method is based on the following principles.
--- When a DUT includes multiple functions, the functional status status classification applies to each individual function;
--- A function can have a simple ON-OFF operating mode or a similar data bus communication complex mode of operation.
A.3 FPSC elements
A.3.1 Functional characteristics
The functional characteristics state defines the desired target for the functional characteristics of the DUT in the test environment, and is suitable for each independent function of the DUT.
Describe the working status of the expected function after the test and the test. Here are four functional status states.
State I. After the test and after the test to complete the design function.
State II. the design can not complete the design function, but after the test can automatically return to normal.
State III. the design can not complete the design function, the test without the driver/passenger in the simple operation, can not be restored to normal,
Such as by turning off/on the DUT, or by restarting the ignition switch.
State Ⅳ. the test can not complete the design function, the test after the need for more complex operations to return to normal, the DUT function is not
Shall cause any permanent damage. For example, disconnect the battery or power supply before connecting.
Note. The minimum functional status should be determined for each test. Suppliers and vehicle manufacturers can negotiate additional requirements.
A.3.2 Test harsh rating
The harsh rating characteristics (the basic parameters of the test signal) are specified and are applied to the level of the DUT in a particular test method. Test harsh
The grade is determined by the manufacturer and supplier according to the expected functional characteristics.
A.4 FPSC example
A.4.1 Basic examples of FPSC applications
The following example illustrates the relationship between the harsh rating of the test signal and the status classification of the corresponding functional characteristics, as shown in Figure A.1.
Test rigorously reached L1, indicating that the functional characteristics of the state should be in the state Ⅰ;
The test severity is higher than L1, indicating that the functional status is allowed to be in state II;
The test severity is higher than L2, indicating that the functional status is allowed to be in state III.
The user can classify the functions to use different test levels.
Figure A.1 Description of functional status status classification
An example of a harsh rating is given in each part of GB/T 33014.
Appendix B
(Informative)
Such as peak test level
B.1 Overview
This appendix gives the principle of equal peak test levels and the derivation of power levels.
B.2 Unmodulated signal
The electric field strength ECW of the unmodulated sinusoidal signal can be expressed as.
ECW = Ecos (ωt)
Where.
E - the peak of ECW;
Ω - angular frequency of unmodulated signal (CW) (eg RF carrier);
T --- time.
The average power PCW of the unmodulated signal is calculated as.
PCW = kE2
Where.
K --- scale factor, set k for a particular test is a constant.
B.3 modulation signal
The electric field intensity EAM of the amplitude modulation signal can be expressed as.
EAM = E'1 mcos (θt) [] cos (ωt)
Where.
E '--- the peak of the unmodulated signal;
E '(1 m) = EAMpeak --- peak of the modulation signal EAM;
M - modulation depth (0≤m≤1);
Θ --- modulation signal (such as voice, baseband signal, 1kHz sine wave) frequency;
Ω - the frequency of the unmodulated signal (CW) (eg RF carrier).
The total average power (PAM) of the amplitude modulation signal is the power kE'2 of the carrier component and the total power of the sideband component
2E '
2m2 and the sum.
The average power PAM of the amplitude modulation signal is calculated as.
PAM = k1
M2
÷ E'2
B.4 Peak constant
B.4.1 General
To ensure that the unmodulated signal and amplitude modulation signal after the peak equal, ECWpeak = EAMpeak.
As shown in Figure B.1.
Description.
1 --- CW signal;
2 - CW signal with reduced amplitude before modulation;
3 --- AM signal.
Figure B.1 Peak constant
There are two ways to adjust the signal to maintain peak constant. Calculate the modulated power and calculate the unmodulated power mode (B.4.2 and B.4.3).
B.4.2 Calculation of modulation signal power
The relationship between the average power PCW of the unmodulated signal and the average power PAM of the amplitude modulated signal is.
PAM
PCM =
K (1 m2/2) E'2
KE2 =
M2
E '
1 m2/2
(1 m) 2
Export.
PAM = PCW
2 m2
2 (1 m) 2
M = 0.8 (AM1kHz80%) when PAM = 0.407PCW.
B.4.3 Calculation of unmodulated signal power
The relationship between the average power PCW of the unmodulated signal and the average power PCWpm of the non-AM signal before modulation is.
PCWpm
PCW =
1 m
Export.
PCWpm = PCW
1 m
M = 0.8 (AM1 kHz 80%) PCWpm = 0.309 PCW.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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