GB/T 32356-2015 PDF in English
GB/T 32356-2015 (GB/T32356-2015, GBT 32356-2015, GBT32356-2015)
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Guide of design for recycling of electrical and electronic products
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GB/T 32356-2015: PDF in English (GBT 32356-2015) GB/T 32356-2015
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.020
K 04
Guide of design for recycling of
electrical and electronic products
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 31, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 1, 2016
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration Committee.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Principle... 5
5 Implementation process ... 8
6 Information exchange ... 14
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard was proposed by and shall be under jurisdiction of National
Technical Committee on Environmental Standardization for Electrical and
Electronic Products and Systems of Standardization Administration of China.
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Shenzhen AOV Testing Technology Co.,
Ltd., Machinery Industry Beijing Electrotechnical Institute of Economic
Research, Shenzhen Scientific Innovation Standard Service Center, China
Academy of Telecommunication Research of MIIT, Chinese Academy of
Household Appliances, China Electrical Equipment Industry Association,
Shenzhen Institute of Standards and Technology, Rockwell Automation (China)
Co., Ltd., CSTC Standards Technical Services (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Beijing
ABB Low Voltage Electric Co., Ltd., Philips (China) Investment Co., Ltd., and
Kunshan AOV Testing Technology Co., Ltd.
Main drafters of this Standard. Teng Yun, Zhang Liang, Tao Weiqun, Chen
Zhanzhan, Yu Xifeng, Zhu Yan, Song Weihong, Du Juan, Liu Liping, Guo
Weixiang, Zhang Lingzi, Song Yan, Wang Ke, and Yan Zefu.
Guide of design for recycling of
electrical and electronic products
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the principle and implementation process of design for
recycling of electrical and electronic products.
This Standard is applicable to the personnel who are directly involved in the
electrical and electronic product development, who are responsible for
developing policies within the organization or participate in decision-making
processes, and who are responsible for the recovery process. It provides the
guidance in design and development of new products, improvement of existing
products or recycling of waste electrical and electronic products.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 23384 The recovery marking of products and components
GB/T 23686-2009 Environmentally conscious design guide for electrical
and electronic products
GB/T 24040-2008 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment -
Principles and frameworks
GB/T 29769-2013 Waste electrical and electronic products recovery -
Terminology
GB/T 29770 End of life information exchange for electrical and electronic
equipment between manufacturers and recyclers
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions specified in GB/T 24040-2008, GB/T 23686-2009 and
GB/T 29769-2013 and the following ones apply to this document.
3.1 disassembly
The characteristic that wasted electrical and electronic products are easily
disassembled manually or mechanically.
3.2 reusability
The characteristic that wasted electrical and electronic products or components
are easily reused based on their original purposes or after cleaning up and
repair.
3.3 recyclability
The characteristic that parts of wasted electrical and electronic products are
easily reused or materials are easily recycled.
3.4 design for recycling
A systematic design that focuses on improving the recyclability rate in the end
of product life.
4 Principle
4.1 Goal
Design for recycling aims to improve the recyclability rate.
To achieve the aforementioned goal, implement the design for recycling.
- Improve.
the disassembly of wasted electrical and electronic products;
the reusability of parts of wasted electrical and electronic products;
the recyclability of wasted electrical and electronic products material,
especially the recyclability of precious metals, and rare earth materials.
- Reduce.
amount of energy recovery of wasted electrical and electronic
products;
disposal amount of wasted electrical and electronic products.
- Reduce or avoid.
Secondary pollution during processing.
Terms expression and relation of wasted electrical and electronic products are
shown in Figure 1.
5 Implementation process
5.1 Identifying goal and demand
The process of introducing design for recycling into design for environmental
consciousness shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 23686-2009. Identify
the goal and requirements of design for recycling. The goal and requirements
shall mainly include but not limited to.
- requirements of environmental laws and regulations;
- customer demands for product;
- expected goal of recycling enterprises, e.g., economy of recycling process.
5.2 Collecting data
Data need to be collected for product evaluation include but not limited to.
- information of product parts. characteristics (e.g., quantity, weight,
material composition and type, etc.), connections between parts (e.g.,
adhesive, fastener and connector type).
NOTE. Substances contained in identification material shall ensure the correctness of
subsequent processing procedures.
- identification of surface treatment technique of product parts (painting,
coating); adhesives shall help in taking specific treatment technique and
separation measures during recycling process.
Wasted products processing information. techniques and effects used by each
processing step, required time and cost. Such information collection shall focus
on recycling enterprise feedback or field research. The processing of wasted
electrical and electronic products is shown in Figure 3.
- consider the operation difficulty and number when disassembling
connectors and fasteners in recycling; try to reduce the use of connectors
and fasteners;
- consider the requirements of relative laws and regulations on special
treatment of specific parts, e.g., printed circuit boards and batteries used
in electronic products; pay special attention to parts which have potential
environmental toxic like transformer using harmful gas (sulfur hexafluoride,
etc.); the design and fastening mechanism for these parts shall consider
from a security perspective and comply with requirements of relevant laws
and regulations.
5.4 Evaluation and improvement
5.4.1 Summary
In order to find the opportunity to continuously improve the recyclability rate of
product, it shall evaluate the design results of 5.3 in time.
5.4.2 Classification of recyclability of product parts
Based on reusability and recyclability of product parts, product parts shall be
classified according to the following categories.
- reusable;
- the use of recyclable homogeneous materials;
- the use of recyclable heterogeneous materials;
- part of the material can be recycled;
- material cannot be recycled but energy recovery is applicable;
- difficult to treat, and the material cannot be recycled or energy recovery
is impossible.
5.4.3 Product disassembly
Product disassembly mainly depends on the fastening mechanism product
parts use. Based on the guideline for parts required to be disassembled
stipulated in GB/T 29770, the product shall be classified as the following types.
- can be manually disassembled / simply mechanically disassembled (parts
can be dismantled from product);
- other methods can be used to disassemble / crushing (material to
separate parts);
- prevent or reduce the negative environmental impacts;
- compared with reference product or similar product, the improvement of
recyclability rate;
- cost implication and benefit.
6 Information exchange
The information exchange method and format between manufacturer of
electronic and electrical products and recycling enterprises shall refer to GB/T
29770.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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