GB/T 2423.7-2018 PDF in English
GB/T 2423.7-2018 (GB/T2423.7-2018, GBT 2423.7-2018, GBT2423.7-2018)
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Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens
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Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Test 2: Test methods - Test Ec and guidance: Drop and topple - Primarily for equipment-type specimens
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Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Test 2: Test methods - Test Ec and guidance: Drop and topple - Primarily for equipment-type specimens
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Electric and electronic products--Basic environmental test regulations for electricians--Test Ec: The tip-off and tip-over method
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 2423.7-2018
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GB/T 2423.7-2018: PDF in English (GBT 2423.7-2018) GB/T 2423.7-2018
Environmental testing--Part 2. Test methods--Test Ec. Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment--type specimens
ICS 19.020
K04
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 2423.7-1995, GB/T 2423.8-1995
Environmental tests. Part 2. Test methods
Test Ec. Impact from rough operation
(Mainly used for equipment samples)
Environmentaltesting-Part 2. Testmethods-
TestEc. Roughhandlingshocks, primarily forquipment-typespecimens
(IEC 60068-2-31..2008, Environmental testing-
Part 2-31. Tests-TestEc. Roughhandlingshocks, primarily
forequipment-typespecimens, IDT)
2018-12-28 released.2019-07-01 implemented
State Administration of Market Supervision
Published by China National Standardization Administration
Contents
Foreword III
1 range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 General description of the test 2
4 Initial inspection 3
5 Test 3
5.1 Dumping and tipping 3
5.2 Free Fall --- Method 1 4
5.3 Free fall --- Method 2 5
6 Last detection 5
7 Information to be given in the relevant specifications 6
7.1 Tip and tip test 6
7.2 Free-fall test and repeated free-fall test 6
8 Information to be given in the test report 6
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Repeated Free Fall Test Equipment Method 2 7
Appendix B (Informative) Guidelines for Free Fall Test Devices 9
Foreword
GB/T 2423 "Environmental Test Part 2" is divided into several parts according to the test method.
This part is Part 7 of GB/T 2423.
This section is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This section replaces GB/T 2423.7-1995 "Environmental Tests for Electrical and Electronic Products Part 2. Test Methods Test Ec and Guidelines.
"Dumping and Overturning" and GB/T 2423.8-1995 "Environmental Tests for Electrical and Electronic Products Part 2. Test Methods Test Ed. Free Fall
drop".
Compared with GB/T 2423.7-1995 and GB/T 2423.8-1995, in addition to editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Amended the title "Condition Test" to "Explanation" (see 5.1.1, 3.2 of GB/T 2423.7-1995);
--- Increased "test equipment" (see 5.1.2, 5.2.2);
--- Added "Information to be given in test reports" (see Chapter 8);
--- Deleted "selection of test severity level" (see A3 of GB/T 2423.7-1995);
--- Amended the title "Severity Rating" to "Experimental Severity Rating" and related content, and deleted "Note. Heavy equipment should not withstand higher
The severity level "(see 5.2.3, Chapter 3 of GB/T 2423.8-1995);
--- Modify the "conditional test" to "description" and "test procedure" (see 5.2.1 and 5.2.4, GB/T 2423.8-1995
Chapter 5);
--- Deleted "the content given by the relevant specifications" (see Chapter 15 of GB/T 2423.8-1995).
This section uses the translation method equivalent to IEC 60068-2-31..2008 "Environmental Tests Part 2-31. Test Test Ec. Crude Rate
Impact caused by operation (mainly used for equipment-type samples).
The following editorial changes have been made in this section.
--- Modified the standard name;
--- The word barrek (board) in the note of Figure A1 in IEC 60068-2-31..2008 has a spelling error, it should be barrel, and the steel should be omitted.
The word (steel), with reference to the French version, reverted to a steel plate.
This section is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Environmental Conditions and Environmental Testing of Electrical and Electronic Products (SAC/TC8).
This section was drafted by. Guangzhou University, the Fifth Institute of Electronics of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Shanghai Institute of Quality Supervision and Inspection Technology, Beijing
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the First Institute of Telecommunications Science and Technology, Beijing Zhongyuan Environmental Testing Electromechanical Equipment Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this section. Xu Zhonggen, Ji Chunyang, Lu Zhaoming, Wu Zheng, Wei Bei, Tang Limin, Zhang Yue, Liu Qihua.
This section replaces GB/T 2423.7-1995 and GB/T 2423.8-1995.
The previous releases of GB/T 2423.7-1995 are.
--- GB/T 2423.7-1981;
--- GB/T 2424.5-1981.
The previous releases of GB/T 2423.8-1995 are.
--- GB/T 2423.8-1981;
--- GB/T 2424.6-1981.
Environmental tests. Part 2. Test methods
Test Ec. Impact from rough operation
(Mainly used for equipment samples)
1 Scope
This section of GB/T 2423 gives a method for simulating the use of equipment-type samples that are severely moved or repaired during use.
Test method for impact effects caused by rough operation such as impact, vibration, and drop.
The impact of the simulated sample on the transport of the cargo as a loose constraint needs to be evaluated by the test Ee. bounce test method; the same
The impact effect of the simulated sample used to install the equipment needs to be evaluated by test Ea. impact.
This test is generally only applicable to small and medium-sized equipment that may be severely moved, and only applicable to the danger of being knocked and hit
Corners and faces.
Generally speaking, equipment that is often moved and used (such as field equipment and spare parts) may be subject to the above-mentioned knocks and impacts. however,
When they form an integral part of a permanent device, they are usually not subject to the above-mentioned knocks and impacts, so such classes are not required
test.
This test is not applicable to fragile, unprotected, irregularly shaped equipment (e.g. aircraft head radar), as these equipment are
Fixtures are usually taken out on a bracket or in a carrier when they are taken out. However, when these devices are in their shipping boxes
This test is also applicable when it is on its own bracket or in a carrier and is considered as a whole.
For equipment with only one mounting surface (such as a standard bottom surface), tests are usually performed on that surface only.
The impact test is performed by fixing the sample on a test bench. Samples in dump and overturn, free fall, repeated free fall, and bounce tests
Products are made in a free state.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2423.39-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2. Test methods Test Ee. Bounce (IEC 60068-2-55. 1987, IDT)
IEC 60068-2-27 Environmental Tests Part 2-27. Test Test Ea and Guidelines. Impact (Environmental testing - Part 2-27: Tests-Test Ea and guidance. Shock)
3 General description of the test
Rough operating shock can be simulated by one or more of the following test methods.
a) Tipping and turning over. This test is used to evaluate the possibility of equipment type samples during maintenance work or on the workbench due to rough operation.
A simple test by the impact of a knock or impact;
b) Free fall --- Method 1. This test is a simple test to determine the possible fall impact due to rough loading and unloading.
The test can also be used to verify the strength level of the equipment;
c) Free fall --- Method 2. This test is used to simulate some component products, such as connectors in use, which may be subject to
Impact of repeated shocks.
When the size of the sample during transportation can keep it stable, the sample does not need to be overturned. To determine dumping and turning
If the inverted test is necessary, please refer to the data of "Cg ratio" and "height ratio" in 1) and 2) below.
The dumping and overturning actions produced by the test procedures specified in 5.1.3.1, 5.1.3.2 and 5.1.3.3 are shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3.
The fall and tip test involves three different methods.
a) surface dump (see 5.1.3.1);
b) angular dip (see 5.1.3.2);
c) Topple (or topple) (see 5.1.3.3).
The purpose of these three methods is basically the same, but it still simulates different types of operation (or moving).
This test method is not an accurate test method. The allowable error of height and angle specified in 5.1.2 is ± 10%.
If more accurate impact tests are required, IEC 60068-2-27 should be used.
When the size of the sample during transportation can keep it stable, the sample does not need to be overturned. Considering the overturning test
For different applicability, the following two sizes are important.
1) The ratio of the height of the center of gravity of the test sample from the bottom surface to the smaller size of the bottom surface, hereinafter referred to as "Cg ratio";
2) The ratio of the height of the test sample to the smaller size of the bottom surface, hereinafter referred to as the "height ratio".
If the "Cg ratio" is small (e.g., less than 0.25), the test sample may not fall over despite sudden lateral movement; if the "high"
If the degree ratio is small (for example, less than 0.5), the test sample cannot be overturned despite sudden lateral thrust or shock. In this case
Under the circumstances, the writer of the relevant specifications should consider whether the above-mentioned overturning test is applicable.
Explanation.
h --- the distance between the bottom edge of the sample and the test bench;
a --- the angle between the bottom edge of the sample and the test surface.
Figure 1 Surface dump
In millimeters
Explanation.
h --- the distance between the angle of the sample and the test surface;
a --- the angle between the angle of the sample and the test surface.
Figure 2 Angular Dip
Figure 3 Overturned (or pushed down)
4 Initial detection
Before the test begins, the test samples should be visually inspected and tested for electrical and mechanical properties in accordance with the relevant specifications.
5 Test
5.1 Dumping and tipping
5.1.1 Description
Taking into account the manner in which the test samples are operated (or moved) during use and maintenance, the relevant specifications should specify the test methods used and
Whether covers, cables, etc. are in place. Relevant specifications should also specify whether the test sample is in working condition during the test.
In the face or angle fall test, the test sample may fall on different sides instead of falling back to the expected test surface.
Take appropriate measures to avoid this situation.
No matter which test method is used, the test sample is not allowed to continue to roll around the adjacent edge.
If the bottom edge of the test sample is more than 4, the number of falls and falls should be limited to 4 times, and the relevant specifications should specify the
Bottom edge.
5.1.2 Test equipment
The surface of the test equipment made of concrete or steel shall be smooth, rigid, hard and level. The steel plate should be wet and floating, also
It is to install steel plates while the concrete is still flowing to eliminate voids or adhesion to the concrete. For light equipment type test samples, test
The quality of the surface of the test equipment shall be at least 20 times the mass of the test sample. The thickness of the steel plate should be greater than 25mm. When the quality of the test sample exceeds
When the weight is over 500kg, the thickness of the steel plate should be at least 40mm, the included angle with the horizontal plane should be within 2 °, and the Brinell hardness should be 90 ~ 300.
5.1.3 Test method
5.1.3.1 Area dump
The test sample is placed in the normal use position, and it is tilted around a bottom edge until the distance between the opposite edge and the test bench is
25mm, 50mm or 100mm (according to the relevant specifications) or the bottom surface of the sample sample and the test table at an angle of 30 °, whichever is smaller.
Then, let the test sample fall freely on the test bench.
The test sample should be tested for a drop around each of the four bottom edges (see Figure 1).
5.1.3.2 Angular and face dumps
The test sample is placed in the normal use position.A 10 mm high wooden post is placed under one corner of the test sample.
A 20mm high wooden post was placed under the other corner to raise the test sample. Then, the test sample was set up around the two wooden posts
The edge of the test sample is raised so that the test sample is lifted higher than the test surface until the angle of the other side of the test sample adjacent to the 10mm wooden post is raised
25mm, 50mm or 100mm (according to the relevant specifications) or the test sample and the test table at an angle of 30 °, whichever is smaller.
Then, let the test sample fall freely on the test bench.
Each of the 4 corners of the test sample shall be subjected to a drop test (see Figure 2).
5.1.3.3 Topple (or topple)
The test sample is placed in the normal use position, and it is tilted around a bottom edge until it is in an unstable position. Then let it go
This position is free to fall on the adjacent side.
One overturning test shall be performed along each of the four bottom edges of the test sample (see Figure 3).
5.2 Free Fall --- Method 1
5.2.1 Description
If there are provisions in the relevant specifications, the test sample should be allowed to fall freely during normal transportation or use.
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specifications, the test sample shall be dropped twice in the prescribed attitude.
5.2.2 Test equipment
The test equipment used for free fall (Method 1) is the same as described in 5.1.2.
5.2.3 Test severity
The test severity level should be determined by the drop height shown in Table 1.Unless the actual conditions of use are known or the relevant specifications provide otherwise, the drop height
The choice of degree should consider the quality of the test sample.
Table 1 Drop height and mass
25mm < 50kg
50mm 100mm 250mm 500mm < 10kg
750mm 1000mm 1500mm < 1kg
Note 1. The values in bold type are the preferred values.
Note 2. Samples in the case of transportation or samples in the packaging state need to use the drop height given by ISO 4180-2.
5.2.4 Test procedure
If there are provisions in the relevant specifications, the drop height shall be selected from 5.2.3 according to the condition of the test sample; the surface of the test equipment shall be selected from 5.2.2.
The drop height shall be the height between the test surface and the part of the sample closest to it when the test sample is suspended before falling.
The method of releasing the test specimen shall be such that the test specimen falls freely from the suspended position. Minimize interference when releasing.
Relevant specifications shall specify the face and angle of the test sample subjected to the drop test.
5.3 Free fall --- Method 2
5.3.1 Description
The test sample shall be placed in the test equipment and subjected to the specified number of drops. When the test sample has a cable, the relevant specifications shall specify the use
Cable type. Unless the relevant specifications provide otherwise, when the test sample is provided with a cable, a 100mm long cable should be connected to the sample.
5.3.2 Test equipment
An example of the test equipment is given in Appendix A. See Appendix B for guidelines on free-fall test equipment.
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specifications, the test samples shall be dropped to a thickness of 3 mm on a wooden pad cushioned between 10 mm and 19 mm
The steel plate is smooth, hard and firm on the test surface.
Note. If the volume of the test sample prevents repeated free falls, the roller may not be suitable for heavy equipment.
5.3.3 Test severity
Relevant specifications should select the total number of tests from the following values based on the intended use of the test sample. 50, 100,.200, 500,
1000 times. The drop height should be 500mm or 1000mm.
Note. The drop height is related to the intended use of the test sample.
5.3.4 Test procedure
This test is to make the test sample fall from the specified height to the hard surface on the specified number of times. To simulate actual conditions, each test
The sample shall be tested separately and usually with a section of cable (see 5.3.1). The test results shall pass the mechanical and electrical properties of the test sample.
Change to assess.
According to the requirements of relevant specifications, the test equipment should make each test sample fall from the specified height from 5.3.3 according to the specified number of times. selected
The drop height used should be related to the intended use of the sample.
Appendix A gives examples of commonly used roller test equipment models.
6 Final inspection
The test samples shall be visually inspected, electrical and mechanically tested in accordance with the relevant specifications.
The drop frequency should be approximately 10 times per minute.
7 Information to be given in relevant specifications
When the relevant specifications adopt this test, the following details of 7.1 and 7.2 shall be given.
7.1 Tipping and tipping tests
a) initial testing (chapter 4);
b) test rules (5.1.1);
c) installation of covers, cables, etc. (5.1.1);
d) whether the test sample is running during the test (5.1.1);
e) the number of test bottom edges (when there are more than 4 bottom edges) (5.1.1);
f) the height of the surface fall (5.1.3.1);
g) height of angular dip (5.1.3.2);
h) Final inspection (chapter 6).
7.2 Free-fall test and repeated free-fall test
a) initial testing (chapter 4);
b) the test surface (if not concrete or steel) (5.1.2);
c) Drop height (Table 1, 5.3.4);
d) attitude of the test sample when it starts to fall (5.2.1);
e) number of drops (if not twice) (5.2.1);
f) final testing (chapter 6);
g) The type of cable to be connected (5.3.1).
8 Information to be given in the test report
The test report should include at least the following information.
a) user. name and location;
b) laboratory. name and location;
c) Test report identification. issue date, unique code;
d) test date;
e) Test type. free fall or fall and tipping;
f) Test purpose. R & D test, verification test, etc .;
g) test standard, version. relevant test procedures;
h) Test sample description. unique number, picture, photo, quantity, etc .;
i) Test sample installation. the test fixture used, if applicable;
j) Test device performance. the quality and description of the test surface;
k) initial and final inspections;
l) Harshness level. related regulations;
m) test severity levels include documentation;
n) Test results. evaluation of the status of the test samples;
o) observed phenomena and measures taken during the test;
p) test summary;
q) Test main operator. name and signature;
r) Send. Report distribution list.
Note. The test needs to be recorded, and the content should include, for example, the time list of test run records with test parameters, observation and implementation during the test, and measurement data
table. Test records can be used as part of the test report.
Appendix A
(Normative appendix)
Repeat free fall test equipment method 2
A suitable form of repeated free fall (see 5.3.4) test equipment is a cylinder that rolls and causes the sample to fall and tumble,
When there are a large number of samples to be tested, the cartridge may have a plurality of compartments, and each sample is placed in the compartments for simultaneous testing.
The width W of each compartment is not specified, but it is generally.200mm to 300mm according to the size of the sample.
The dimensions of the drum, and/or its section are shown in Figure A.1. Each end is a smooth test surface of 3mm thick steel, and the back is lined with 10mm ~
19mm thick boards (see 5.1.2).
In millimeters
Explanation.
1 --- wood block;
2 --- plastic laminate;
3--rubber;
4 --- Steel plate.
a) The drum body is made of 1.5mm thin steel plate.
Figure A.1 Schematic diagram of the roller
In the compartment where the sample was dropped twice, a piece of lint-free rubber with a hardness of 80IRHD ± 20IRHD1 as specified in ISO 48 was filled.
Wedge-shaped blocks; the sliding surfaces of the cabin are made of smooth, hard plastic sheet.
1) International rubber hardness.
The drum shall be designed so that the shaft does not protrude from the interior of the test compartment.
The roller should open a small window with a cover, and the window cover is made of transparent polypropylene material.
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
Guidelines for free-fall test equipment
B.1 Purpose
Free-fall test is applicable to those tests that may fall off the transport tool or work surface during transportation, handling or maintenance
sample. This test is not applicable to test samples that are heavy or bulky, such as high-power transformers.
B.2 Selection of test severity
The authors of the relevant specifications adopting this test need to refer to Chapter 7 to ensure that all the required content can be given in the relevant specifications.
If possible, the severity of the test added to the sample should take into account the sample may be subjected to handling and transportation conditions. However, all samples are required
The product must be subjected to the most severe handling that may be experienced in the actual environment (such as falling from the loading platform of an aircraft or falling from a crane
Down), it is neither practical nor economical. When testing samples that require verification of their durability, the choice of drop height must take into account the
Possibility, allowable degree of damage, and operating conditions for use, transportation, and storage.
Selecting the appropriate test severity from 5.2.3 and 5.3.3 requires consideration of the quality of the sample, the way it is handled and transported, and whether the test is
No Applies to unpackaged samples, such as sub-assemblies, components, non-portable equipment, or samples shipped in complete shipping containers.
In the absence of the above detailed information, the authors of the relevant specifications may select the appropriate severity level from Table B.1. Given in Table B.1
Examples of severity levels for various transport or handling conditions.
The table is not mandatory, but the test severity levels listed are typical. It should be noted that there are situations where the actual handling
The severity levels experienced may differ from those listed in the table.
Table B.1 Typical application examples of test severity levels
Drop height
mm
Test sample quality
kg
Not packed in complete shipping box
Unpacked test sample
Example
Carrying method
25 ≥50> 500 Cabinet forklift
50> 10 < 50 ≤200 Cabinet forklift
100> 10 < 50 ≤100 Switchboard cranea
250> 10 < 50 ≤75 Portable case storage stacking
500 < 10 ≤40 Small products dropped from the conveyor
1000 ≤1 ≤15 components, small components
From the bench and truck
Drop on the box
a Limited to simulated shocks that occur when a test sample is lowered to the loading surface by a forklift or crane, and not a simulated test sample from a truck flat or
Fall on crane hook.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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