GB/T 18043-2013 PDF English
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Jewellery -- Determination of precious metal content -- Method using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
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| GB/T 18043-2008 | English | 199 |
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Jewellery -- Determination of precious metal content -- Method using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
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Precious metal jewellery content non-damaged test method X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
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GB/T 18043-2013: PDF in English (GBT 18043-2013) GB/T 18043‐2013
Translated English of Chinese Standard. GB18043‐2013
Wayne Zheng et al.
GB
ICS 39.060
Y 88
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Replacing GB/T 18043-2008
Jewellery — Determination of precious metal content
— Method using X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 17, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 1, 2014
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Testing and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Method and principle ... 7
5 Instruments and equipment ... 7
6 Test method ... 7
7 Factors that affect the measurement results ... 8
8 Processing of measurement results ... 9
9 Limitations ... 9
Annex A ... 11
Annex B ... 12
Annex C ... 20
Foreword
This Standard was drafted according to the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces the GB/T18043-2008 Jewellery - Determination of Precious
Metal Content - Method Using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. There are mainly
the following changes, compared with the GB/T 18043-2008.
— Revise the application scope. Clearly define this test method as the screening
test;
— Add the terms;
— In detail, describe the basic principles of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.
Clearly state the application scope of this method in terms of working principles;
— Improve the resolution requirements of this method TO X-ray fluorescence
spectrometer;
— Refine the test process. Clarify the operation steps of this method;
— Add the content description and illustration for screening and determination in
accordance with measurement result’s range.
— Add the description of limitations of the method;
— Add Annex A, B and C.
This Standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
(SAC/TC 256) on Jewellery of Standardization Administration of China.
Drafting organizations of this Standard. National Gold and Silver Products Quality
Supervision and Testing Center (Nanjing), National Jewellery Quality Supervision and
Inspection Center, China Institute of Metrology, National Gemstone Quality
Supervision and Testing Center, National Gold and Silver Products Quality
Supervision and Testing Center (Shanghai), National Gold Diamond Products Quality
Supervision and Testing Center, Tianjin Product Quality Supervision and Testing
Technology Research Institute, and Chengdu Product Quality Supervision and Testing
Institute.
The main drafters of this Standard. Yang Pei, Yang Su, Zhou Tao, Duan Tiyu, Li
Suqing Ke Jie, Xie Qiyao, Cheng Youfa, Cao Weiyu, Shen Feng, Wang Donghui,
Shen Meidong, Fang Mingshu, Liu Huafeng, Wang Chunsheng, Li Yukun, Li Guogui,
and Li Wujun.
The previous editions replaced by this Standard are as follows.
— GB/T 18043-2000, GB/T 18043-2008.
Introduction
The test laboratory that uses this Standard is required to develop implementation
details such as - personnel, facilities and environmental conditions, equipment
(including working reference materials), and uncertainty evaluation.
During use of this Standard, it is necessary to refer to Annex A, Annex B, and
Annex C to perform sample testing, data processing, and result determination.
Jewellery — Determination of precious metal content
— Method using X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the methods and requirements for applying X-ray
fluorescence spectrometry to determine the precious metal content in jewellery.
This Standard applies to qualitative analysis for jewellery and other art-wares. And
it also applies to the screening test of precious metal content (gold, silver, platinum,
and palladium) in jewellery and other art-wares.
2 Normative references
The articles contained in the following documents have become part of this
document when they are quoted herein. For the dated documents so quoted, all
the modifications (Including all corrections) or revisions made thereafter shall be
applicable to this document.
GB 11887 Jewellery - Fineness of precious metal alloys and designation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions shall apply.
3.1
Screening
A kind of analysis method that preliminarily quantifies the element’s content in the
substance to be tested.
3.2
Working reference materials
A kind of material or substance that has the adequate uniformity and the
well-determined properties. It is used to calibrate the measurement device,
evaluate the measurement method, or assign the value to materials. Under the
condition of without the national certified reference materials and national
standard samples, it is the reference material that is prepared by the laboratory
independently, and of which the property value is traceable.
— Content of precious metal;
— Uniformity degree of the tested sample (including segregation, welding
agent, etc.).
8 Processing of measurement results
8.1 Considering the various factors in Chapter 7, the testing laboratory shall
evaluate the uncertainty on the measurement results (the evaluation method shall
reference to Annex B). Determine the measurement results’ range in accordance
with the evaluation results (the measurement results ± measurement uncertainty).
Along with the decreasing of the main-content of the precious metal, the range of
the measurement results will increase.
8.2 According to the range of measurement results, conduct the screening and
determining.
a) Conformity. The lower limit of the range of measurement results is greater
than or equal to the low limit of the nominal value.
b) Inconformity. The upper limit of the range of measurement results is less
than the low limit of the nominal value. But this Standard cannot be used
alone as the basis of determination of inconformity.
c) Unable to determine. The range of measurement results includes the low
limit of the nominal value. The method in the Annex C can be chosen to
conduct sample treatment and result calculations. And further analysis for
the sample can also be conducted in accordance with the arbitration
method as stipulated in GB 11887.
8.3 The determination results can provide the testing qualitative conclusion. Or it
can provide the corresponding purity range according to GB 11887.
9 Limitations
9.1 Because there are differences on the aspects of component, shape etc.
between reference materials and the tested sample, the range of test elements is
uncertain. Multiple factors such as surface measurement may affect. There exists
certain method-risk for those samples that are determined as conformity by this
Standard.
9.2 If there is dispute of the testing result, it shall be tested in accordance with the
arbitration method as stipulated in GB 11887.
9.3 For the samples containing solder and of which the nominal value of the
precious metal purity is 999‰, the measured value shall consider the solder’s
proportion in sample. Weighted calculation shall be conducted when calculating
the specific measurement results.
b — Correction curve intercept;
m — Correction curve slope;
cj — Standard value of concentration of reference materials;
n — Number of measurement of reference materials.
B.1.4 Combined uncertainty
Combined uncertainty is calculated according to Formula (B.4).
Where.
u(x) — Combined uncertainty.
ua — Repeatability of measurement and uncertainty of sample uniformity;
ub — Uncertainty of reference materials;
uc — Uncertainty of linear correction curve;
ud — Uncertainty of sample inconsistency.
B.1.5 Expanded uncertainty
The result of measurement is normally distributed. The expanded uncertainty is
calculated according to Formula (B.5).
Where.
U — Expanded uncertainty;
u(x) — Combined uncertainty.
B.2 Examples of uncertainty evaluation
B.2.1 Pure gold necklace
B.2.1.1 Linear uncertainty of correction curve
For serial measurement of reference materials, the standard value and measured
value are shown in Table B.1. Use standard value and measured value to draw
the correction curve, it is shown in Figure B.1. Substitute the values in Table B.1
INTO Formula (B.2) and Formula (B.3) respectively. The calculated linear
C.4.3 Use electronic balance (C.3.1) to weigh. It is counted as the before-melted-mass
m1.
C.4.4 Select one of the following two melting methods to perform...
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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