GB/T 17626.2-2018 PDF in English
GB/T 17626.2-2018 (GB/T17626.2-2018, GBT 17626.2-2018, GBT17626.2-2018)
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Electromagnetic compatibility -- Testing and measurement techniques -- Electrostatic discharge immunity test
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Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Testing and measurement techniques -- Electrostatic discharge immunity test
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GB/T 17626.2-2018: PDF in English (GBT 17626.2-2018) GB/T 17626.2-2018
Electromagnetic compatibility--Testing and measurement techniques--Electrostatic discharge immunity test
ICS 33.100.20
L06
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 17626.2-2006
Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
[IEC 61000-4-2.2008, Electromagneticcompatibility(EMC)-Part 4-2.
Test,IDT]
2018-06-07 released.2019-01-01 implementation
State market supervision and administration
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword I
1 range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Overview 3
5 Test level 3
6 test generator 4
6.1 Overview 4
6.2 Characteristics of Electrostatic Discharge Generators 5
6.3 Verification of ESD Arrangement 7
7 test arrangement 8
7.1 Test equipment 8
7.2 Arrangement of laboratory tests 8
7.3 Arrangement for post-installation test 12
8 Test procedure 14
8.1 Laboratory Reference Conditions 14
8.2 Assessment of the equipment under test 14
8.3 Implementation of the test 14
9 Evaluation of test results 16
10 Test report 17
Appendix A (informative) Description 18
Appendix B (Normative) Calibration and discharge current measurement for current measurement systems 22
Appendix C (informative) Example of a calibration target that meets the requirements of Annex B 27
Appendix D (informative) Radiation field generated by human metal discharge and electrostatic discharge generators 32
Appendix E (informative) Measurement uncertainty (MU) considerations 40
Appendix F (informative) Changes in test results and adjustment strategies 46
Reference 47
Foreword
GB/T 17626 "Electromagnetic Compatibility Test and Measurement Technology" currently includes the following parts.
---GB/T 17626.1-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.3-2016 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology RF electromagnetic field radiation immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.4-2018 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Electrical fast transient burst immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology surge (impact) immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.6-2017 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Conducted disturbance immunity of RF field induction;
---GB/T 17626.7-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Power supply system and connected equipment Harmonic, interharmonic wave measurement and
Guide to measuring instruments;
---GB/T 17626.8-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology power frequency magnetic field immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.9-2011 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology pulse magnetic field immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.10-2017 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology damping magnetic field immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.11-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Immunity of voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage changes
test;
---GB/T 17626.12-2013 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology ringing wave immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.13-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology AC power port harmonics, interharmonics and grid signals
Low frequency immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.14-2005 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology voltage fluctuation immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.15-2011 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology scintillator function and design specifications;
---GB/T 17626.16-2007 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology 0Hz~150kHz common mode conducted disturbance immunity
test;
---GB/T 17626.17-2005 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology DC power input port ripple immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.18-2016 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology damping oscillatory wave immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.20-2014 Electromagnetic Compatibility Test and Measurement Technology Emission and Immunity in Transverse Electromagnetic Wave (TEM) Waveguides
Degree test
---GB/T 17626.21-2014 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology mixing chamber test method;
---GB/T 17626.22-2017 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Radiation emission and immunity in full anechoic chamber
measuring;
---GB/T 17626.24-2012 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Test of HEMP conducted disturbance protection device
method;
---GB/T 17626.27-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology three-phase voltage unbalance immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.28-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology power frequency change immunity test;
---GB/T 17626.29-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology DC power input port voltage dip, short interruption and
Immunity test for voltage changes;
---GB/T 17626.30-2012 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology power quality measurement method;
---GB/T 17626.34-2012 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology for main power supply per phase current greater than 16A
Voltage dip, short interruption and voltage variation immunity test.
This part is the second part of GB/T 17626.
This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 17626.2-2006 "Electromagnetic Compatibility Test and Measurement Technology Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test".
Compared with GB/T 17626.2-2006, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Increased calibration procedures and measurement uncertainty in the range;
--- Added terminology. calibration, compliance testing, rise time, verification;
--- Chapter 5 test level description was modified;
--- Added charging switch to the test generator;
--- Modified the schematic diagram of the electrostatic discharge generator;
--- Increased the characteristics of the electrostatic discharge generator (see 6.2);
--- Added verification of ESD placement (see 6.3);
--- Added A.8 (see Appendix A);
--- Revised Appendix B for calibration and discharge current measurement of current measurement systems;
--- Added Appendix C to meet the requirements of Appendix B for current targets;
--- Added Appendix D, the human metal discharge and the radiation field generated by the electrostatic discharge generator;
--- Added Appendix E, Measurement Uncertainty (MU) considerations;
--- Added Appendix F, changes in test results and adjustment strategies.
This section uses the translation method equivalent to IEC 61000-4-2.2008 "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-2. Test and measurement techniques
Electrostatic discharge immunity test.
The documents of our country that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents referenced in this part are as follows.
--- GB/T 2421-2008 Environmental testing of electrical and electronic products - Part 1. General (IEC 60068-1.1988, IDT).
This section has made the following editorial changes.
--- In line with the existing standard series, this part of the name was changed to "electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology electrostatic discharge immunity
test".
This part is proposed and managed by the National Electromagnetic Compatibility Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC246).
This section drafted by. Shanghai Industrial Automation Instrumentation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Institute of Metrology and Testing Technology, Shanghai Electric Appliances Division
Institute of Research, Beijing Oriental Metrology and Testing Institute, Army Engineering University, Shanghai Instrumentation Automation System Inspection and Testing Institute Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this section. Wang Ying, Yu Lei, Gong Zeng, Song Jiangwei, Ji Qizheng, Liu Zhihong, Hu Xiaofeng, Yuan Qingyun, Zhang Yixiang, Weng Haifeng,
Yang Wei.
The release of previous versions of the standard replaced by this section is.
---GB/T 17626.2-2006.
Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 17626 stipulates that electrical and electronic equipment is subject to static electricity directly from the operator and its operators to adjacent objects.
The immunity requirements and test methods for discharge also specify the range of test levels and test procedures for different environments and installation conditions.
The purpose of this section is to establish a common and reproducible benchmark to evaluate the performance of electrical and electronic equipment subjected to electrostatic discharge.
In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges that can occur from the human body to objects that are close to critical equipment.
The provisions of this section include.
--- Typical waveform of discharge current;
---The scope of the test level;
---Test equipment;
---Test configuration;
---Test procedure;
--- Calibration procedure;
--- Measurement uncertainty.
This section sets forth technical requirements for the “laboratory” test and the “test after the installation of the equipment”.
This section does not regulate the testing of special equipment and systems. Its main purpose is to provide recommendations for all relevant professional standardization technical committees.
For a general basic principle. The relevant professional standardization technical committee (or the user and manufacturer of the equipment) is responsible for selecting the test and determining
The severity of the test conditions.
In order not to interfere with the tasks of coordination and standardization, it is highly recommended that the relevant professional standardization technical committee or users and manufacturers consider
In the future work or the revision of the original standard) the relevant immunity test specified in this section is used.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 4365-2003 Electrotechnical terminology electromagnetic compatibility [IEC 60050 (161)..1990, IDT]
IEC 60068-1 Environmental Test Part 1. General and Guidelines (Environmentaltesting-Part 1. General
Guidance)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 4365-2003 apply to this document. For ease of use, the following is repeated
Some terms and definitions in GB/T 4365-2003.
3.1
Air discharge method airdischargemethod
A test method in which the charging electrode of the test generator is placed close to the device under test until it contacts the device under test.
3.2
Antistatic material antistaticmaterial
A material that produces a minimum amount of charge when rubbed or separated from the same material or other similar materials.
3.3
Calibration calibration
A set of operations that establish a relationship between the labeled value and the measured result by reference standard under the specified conditions with reference to the standard.
Note 1. This term is used in the “uncertainty” method.
Note 2. In principle, the relationship between the marked value and the measured result can be represented by a calibration chart.
[GB/T 2900.77-2008, definition 311-01-09]
3.4
Compliance test conformancetest
Test a representative sample to verify that the design and manufacturing equipment meets the requirements of this standard.
3.5
Contact discharge method contactdischargemethod
A test method in which the electrodes of the test generator remain in contact with the device under test and are energized by a discharge switch within the generator.
3.6
Coupling board couplingplane
A piece of metal or metal plate that is discharged to simulate electrostatic discharge to objects in the vicinity of the device under test.
The HCP is a horizontal coupling plate; the VCP is a vertical coupling plate.
3.7
(performance) degradation (ofperformance)
Undesirable deviations in performance and normal performance of devices, equipment, and systems.
Note. The term "lowering" can be used for temporary or permanent failure.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-19]
3.8
Direct discharge directapplication
Discharge directly to the device under test.
3.9
Electromagnetic compatibility electromagneticcompatibility; EMC
A device or system that works properly in its electromagnetic environment and does not constitute an unacceptable electromagnetic disturbance to anything in the environment.
ability.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-07]
3.10
Electrostatic discharge
Charge transfer caused by objects with different electrostatic potentials being close to each other or in direct contact.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-22]
3.11
Energy storage capacitor energystoragecapacitor
A capacitor in an electrostatic discharge generator that is used to represent the capacitance of a human body when it is charged to a test voltage value.
Note. It can be a discrete component or a distributed capacitor.
3.12
EUT equipmentundertest
Test equipment.
3.13
Ground reference plane groundreferenceplane; GRP
A conductive plane whose potential is used as a common reference potential.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 151-04-36]
3.14
Hold time holdingtime
Prior to discharge, the test voltage drops by no more than 10% of the time interval due to leakage.
3.15
Immunity (toadisturbance)
The ability of a device, device, or system to experience electromagnetic disturbances without degrading operational performance.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-20]
3.16
Indirect discharge
Discharge the coupling plate near the device under test to simulate the discharge of personnel from objects near the device under test.
3.17
Rise time risetime
The time it takes for the pulse instantaneous value to rise from 10% of the pulse amplitude to 90% for the first time.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-02-05]
3.18
Verification verification
Used to inspect test equipment systems (eg, test generators and interconnecting cables) to demonstrate a complete set of operations for the test system to function properly.
Note 1. The method of verification may be different from the calibration method.
Note 2. For the purposes of this basic EMC standard, this definition differs from the definition given in IEV311-01-13.
4 Overview
This section deals with devices, systems, subsystems, and external devices that are in an electrostatic discharge environment and under installation conditions, such as low phase.
For humidity, use low conductivity (rayon) carpets, vinyl garments, etc., which exist in the same standards as electrical and electronic equipment.
In the classification regulations (see Appendix A, A.1 for details).
Note. From a technical point of view, the exact English term for these phenomena is “staticelectricitydischarge” (electrostatic discharge), but in the technical field and technology
The English term "electrostaticdischarge" (electrostatic discharge) is widely used in the literature, so it is decided in the English terminology section of this section.
The term "electrostaticdischarge" is reserved.
5 test level
Table 1 gives the preferred range of test levels for the ESD test.
Contact discharge is the preferred test method, and air discharge is used where contact discharge cannot be used. Table 1 gives each
The voltage of a test method. Because of the different test methods, the voltage of each method is different, which does not indicate the severity of the two test methods.
the same.
See Appendix A, A.2, for details on various parameters that may affect the human-charged voltage level. Appendix A, A.4 also
Includes examples of test levels related to environmental installation levels.
For air discharge tests, the test shall be carried out step by step according to the test level specified in Table 1 until the specified test level is reached. For pick up
The discharge test shall be carried out in accordance with the specified test level unless otherwise specified by the product committee.
More detailed information is provided in A.3, A.4 and A.5 of Appendix A.
Table 1 Test level
Contact discharge air discharge
grade
Test voltage
kV
grade
Test voltage
kV
×a specific × a specific
a "X" can be any level above, below or between other levels. This grade shall be specified in the specification of the special equipment, if specified
For the voltage in the table, special test equipment may be required.
6 test generator
6.1 Overview
The main parts of the test generator include.
---Charging resistor Rc;
--- Energy storage capacitor Cs;
---Distributed capacitance Cd;
---Discharge resistor Rd;
---Voltage indicator;
---Discharge switch;
---Charging switch;
--- Replaceable discharge electrode tip (see Figure 3);
---Discharge loop cable;
---Power supply unit.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an electrostatic discharge generator, and a detailed structural diagram is not provided.
Note 1. Cd in the figure is the distributed capacitance existing between the generator and the surrounding.
Note 2. The typical value of Cd Cs is 150pF.
Note 3. The typical value of Rd is 330Ω.
Figure 1 Electrostatic discharge generator diagram
When evaluated in accordance with Appendix B procedures, the generator shall meet the requirements given in 6.2. So whether it is the schematic diagram of Figure 1 or the parameter value
There are no detailed regulations.
6.2 Characteristics of Electrostatic Discharge Generator
The test generator shall meet the specifications in Tables 2 and 3. Figure 2 shows the ideal current waveforms and measurements specified in Tables 2 and 3.
point. Compliance should be demonstrated in accordance with the method given in Appendix B.
Table 2 General Specifications
Parameter value
Output voltage, contact discharge mode (see Note 1) at least 1kV~8kV (nominal value)
Output voltage, air discharge mode (see Note 2) At least 2kV~15kV (nominal value) (see Note 3)
Output voltage tolerance ±5%
Output voltage polarity positive polarity and negative polarity
Hold time ≥ 5s
Single discharge of operating discharge mode (see Note 2)
Note 1. The open circuit voltage measured on the discharge electrode of the ESD generator.
Note 2. For the purpose of detection only, the generator should be capable of generating a discharge with a repetition rate of at least 20 times/s.
Note 3. If the highest test voltage is low, it is not necessary to use a generator with 15kV air discharge capability.
Table 3 Contact discharge current waveform parameters
grade
Indication voltage
kV
First discharge
Peak current (±15%)
Rise time tr
(±25%)
Ns
Current at 30ns
(±30%)
Current at 60ns
(±30%)
1 2 7.5 0.8 4 2
2 4 15 0.8 8 4
3 6 22.5 0.8 12 6
4 8 30 0.8 16 8
The time reference point for measuring currents at 30 ns and 60 ns is that the current first reaches 10% of the first peak of the discharge current.
Note. The rise time tr is the interval between 10% and 90% of the first current peak.
Figure 2 4kV ideal contact discharge current waveform
The ideal waveform equation of Figure 2, I(t), is as follows.
I(t)=
I1
K1×
Τ1
1 tτ1
n×exp
Τ2
I2
K2×
Τ3
1 tτ3
n×exp
Τ4
In the formula.
K1=exp -
Τ1
Τ2
Nτ2
Τ1
1/næ
K2=exp -
Τ3
Τ4
Nτ4
Τ3
1/næ
Τ1=1.1ns; τ2=2ns; τ3=12ns; τ4=37ns
I1=16.6A (at 4kV); I2=9.3A (at 4kV)
n=1.8
Measures should be taken on the generator to prevent undesired pulses and continuous forms of radiated or conducted emissions in order to allow the equipment or equipment to be tested
The test equipment is free from additional disturbances (see Appendix D).
The discharge electrode should conform to the shape and size shown in Figure 3. The electrode can be covered by an insulating coating as long as the generated discharge current waveform is full
Foot specification.
The unit is mm
a) Discharge electrode for air discharge
b) discharge electrode with contact discharge
Figure 3 ESD generator discharge electrode
The same generator is used for the air discharge test method, and the discharge switch must be closed. The generator shall be provided with a circular shape as shown in Figure 3a)
head. Because the same ESD generator is used, there are no more specifications for the air discharge mode.
The cable length of the discharge circuit in the test generator is (2 ± 0.05) m, which is constructed so that the generator meets the waveform requirements. Discharge loop
The length of the cable is from the body of the ESD generator to the end of the connection point. It should have sufficient insulation to prevent discharge during the electrostatic discharge test
Current does not flow through its port to a person or conductive surface.
The discharge loop cable used in the test shall be identical or equivalent to the cable used in the calibration.
If the 2m long discharge loop cable is not long enough (for example, a higher test equipment), a cable of no more than 3m in length can be used. In trial
The cable used should conform to the waveform specifications.
6.3 Verification of ESD layout
The purpose of the verification is to ensure that the ESD test setup is operational. The ESD test arrangement includes.
---ESD generator;
---Discharge loop cable;
---470kΩ bleeder resistance;
--- Ground reference plane;
--- Form all connections to the discharge path.
Figure 4 shows an example of a desktop device ESD test arrangement, and Figure 5 shows an example of a floor-standing device.
To verify the correct ESD test setup, one verification method is to observe the air discharge of the coupling plate at low voltage settings.
Small sparks and large sparks at high voltage settings. Verify the connection and location of the ground strap before verifying this.
Basic principle. because the waveform parameters from the ESD generator usually do not change slightly (for example. the rise time and duration of the waveform)
The time does not drift), the most likely failure is that the ESD generator voltage is not sent to the discharge electrode, or the voltage control fails. In the discharge path
Damage, looseness, or loss of cables, resistors, or connecting wires can result in failure to discharge.
It is recommended to verify the ESD test setup prior to testing.
7 test arrangement
7.1 Test equipment
The test arrangement consists of the test generator, the equipment to be tested and the auxiliary equipment required for direct and indirect discharge of the equipment under test in the following manner.
a) discharging the conductive surface and the contact to the coupling plate;
b) Air discharge on the insulating surface.
The test can be divided into two different types.
--- Type (conformity) test conducted in the laboratory;
--- Post-installation testing of the equipment under final installation conditions.
The preferred test method is a type test conducted in the laboratory.
The equipment under test should be arranged according to the manufacturer's installation instructions (if any).
7.2 Arrangement of laboratory tests
7.2.1 Test requirements
The following requirements apply to laboratory tests under the reference environmental conditions specified in 8.1.
The ground of the laboratory shall be provided with a ground reference plane, which shall be a metal sheet of copper or aluminum with a minimum thickness of 0.25 mm, others
Metal materials can be used but they have a thickness of at least 0.65 mm.
The ground reference plane should extend at least 0.5m beyond the test equipment or horizontal coupling plate (if applicable) on each side, and connect it to the protective grounding system.
Connected.
The relevant national safety regulations should always be observed.
The equipment under test shall be arranged and connected according to the requirements of its use.
The distance between the device under test and the laboratory wall and other metallic structures is at least 0.8 m.
The equipment under test and the electrostatic discharge generator (including any external power supply) are grounded in accordance with their installation specifications. Not allowed
Other additional grounding wires.
The power and signal cables should be arranged to reflect the typical actual installation.
The discharge loop cable of the ESD generator should be connected to the ground reference plane. If this length exceeds the length required for the selected discharge point
Degree, if it is possible to leave the excess length away from the ground reference plane in a non-inductive manner. In addition to the ground reference plane, the discharge loop cable and test
The other conductive portions of the configuration are maintained at a distance of not less than 0.2 m.
Note 1. If the metal wall is electrically connected to the ground reference plane, the discharge loop cable is allowed to be connected to the metal wall of the test chamber.
The connection and all overlap of each cable to the ground reference plane should be low impedance, such as mechanical clamping in high frequency applications.
Wait.
Where coupling plates are specified, such as where indirect discharge is permitted, these coupling plates are metal with a minimum thickness of 0.25 mm
Plates (copper or aluminum, other metal materials can also be used, but they are at least 0.65mm thick) and have one through each end
The 470kΩ resistor cable is connected to the ground reference plane. These resistors should be able to withstand the discharge voltage. When the cable is placed in the ground reference plane
On the surface, the resistors and cables should be well insulated to avoid shorting to the ground reference plane.
Note 2. The 470kΩ bleeder resistor connected to the grounding line of the horizontal coupling plate and the vertical coupling plate (see Figure 4~8) is used to prevent the electrostatic discharge generator.
After the coupling plate is discharged, the electric charge applied to the coupling plate disappears instantaneously. This increases the effect of electrostatic discharge on the device under test. In the test, the resistor should be able to withstand
The maximum discharge voltage applied to the device under test. They should be placed close to the ground wire to form a distributed resistance.
Other technical specifications for different types of equipment are given below.
7.2.2 Desktop equipment
The test equipment consisted of a non-conducting table placed on a ground reference plane (0.8 ± 0.08) m high.
The horizontal coupling plate (HCP) placed on the table is (1.6 ± 0.02) m × (0.8 ± 0.02) m and is thick (0.5 ±
An in......
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Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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