GB/T 16886.5-2017 PDF in English
GB/T 16886.5-2017 (GB/T16886.5-2017, GBT 16886.5-2017, GBT16886.5-2017)
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Biological evaluation of medical devices -- Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity
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Biological evaluation of medical devices--Part 5: Tests for cytotoxicity: in vitro methods
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GB/T 16886.5-2017: PDF in English (GBT 16886.5-2017) GB/T 16886.5-2017
Biological evaluation of medical devices--Part 5. Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity
ICS 11.100.20
C30
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 16886.5-2003
Medical device biology evaluation
Part 5. In vitro cytotoxicity test
Part 5. Testsforinvitrocytotoxicity
(ISO 10993-5.2009, IDT)
Released on.2017-12-29
2018-07-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword III
Introduction V
1 range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 sample and reference preparation 2
5 cell line 4
6 medium 4
7 Storage culture cell preparation 4
8 Test step 5
9 Test report 8
10 result evaluation 8
Appendix A (informative) Neutral red uptake (NRU) cytotoxicity test 9
Appendix B (informative appendix) Colony formation cytotoxicity test 15
Appendix C (informative) MTT cytotoxicity test 19
Appendix D (informative) XTT Cytotoxicity Test 23
Reference 27
Foreword
GB/T 16886 "Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices" consists of the following components.
--- Part 1. Evaluation and testing in the risk management process;
--- Part 2. Animal welfare requirements;
---Part 3. Tests for genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity;
--- Part 4. Test options for interaction with blood;
---Part 5. In vitro cytotoxicity test;
--- Part 6. Post-implantation local reaction test;
---Part 7. Ethylene oxide sterilization residue;
---Part 9. Qualitative and quantitative frameworks for potential degradation products;
--- Part 10. Stimulation and delayed type hypersensitivity test;
--- Part 11. Systemic toxicity test;
--- Part 12. Sample preparation and reference materials;
--- Part 13. Qualitative and quantitative determination of polymer degradation products;
--- Part 14. Qualitative and quantitative determination of ceramic degradation products;
---Part 15. Qualitative and quantitative determination of metal and alloy degradation products;
---Part 16. Design of toxicokinetic studies of degradation products and leachables;
--- Part 17. The establishment of a limitable amount of leachables;
---Part 18. Chemical characterization of materials;
--- Part 19. Physicochemical, Morphological and Surface Characterization of Materials;
--- Part 20. Principles and methods for immunological testing of medical devices.
This part is the fifth part of GB/T 16886.
This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 16886.5-2003 "Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 5. In vitro cytotoxicity test", and
Compared with GB/T 16886.5-2003, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Revised the "preparation of material extract", "test procedure", "result evaluation" and other related content, giving cytotoxicity qualitative and quantitative
Evaluation indicators (see 4.2, Chapters 8 and 10,.2003 editions 4.2, 8 and 10);
--- Increased sexual red intake (NRU) cytotoxicity test (see Appendix A);
--- Increased colony formation cytotoxicity test (see Appendix B);
--- Increased MTT cytotoxicity test (see Appendix C);
--- Increased XTT cytotoxicity test (see Appendix D).
This section uses the translation method equivalent to ISO 10993-5.2009 "Medical evaluation of medical devices Part 5. In vitro cytotoxicity
test".
The documents of our country that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents referenced in this part are as follows.
GB/T 16886.1-2011 Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 1. Evaluation and testing in the process of risk management
(ISO 10993-1.2009, IDT)
GB/T 16886.12-2017 Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 12. Sample preparation and reference materials (ISO 10993-12.
2012, IDT)
This part is proposed by the State Food and Drug Administration.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Medical Device Biology Evaluation (SAC/TC248).
This section drafted by. State Food and Drug Administration Jinan Medical Device Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, National Food and Drug Administration
Beijing Medical Device Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Jiangsu Medical Device Inspection Institute, Shanghai Biomaterials Research and Testing Center.
The main drafters of this section. Hou Li, Sun Xiaoxia, Wang Rui, He Xueying, Gao Jingxian, Wang Shasha, Sun Wei, Huang Wei.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this section are.
---GB/T 16886.5-1997;
---GB/T 16886.5-2003.
introduction
The in vitro cytotoxicity test is versatile and is widely applicable to the evaluation of various medical devices and materials. Therefore, the GB/T 16886 version
Part of the purpose is not to specify a single test method, but to specify a test plan that needs to be judged in a series of test steps to
Select the most appropriate test.
The tests are divided into three categories. extract test, direct contact test, and indirect contact test.
One or more of these tests were selected based on the nature of the sample being evaluated, the site of use, and the characteristics of use.
The choice of test determines the method of preparation of the test sample, the preparation of the cultured cells, and the manner in which the cells are contacted with the sample or its extract.
At the end of the contact test, the cytotoxicity and toxicity were evaluated. This part of GB/T 16886 released the evaluation party
The choice of this strategy allows for a range of trials to be available, reflecting many of the ideas that advocate the in vitro biological testing community.
The large number of methods and endpoint assays used in cytotoxicity assays can be divided into the following types of assessments.
--- According to the morphological method to assess cell damage;
--- Determination of cell damage;
--- Determination of cell growth;
--- Determination of cellular metabolic properties.
In each of these four types, there are several methods to choose from, and the researcher should understand the classification of the test and its corresponding special skills.
In order to be comparable to other results of similar instruments or materials at the level within and between laboratories. Appendix
An example of a quantitative test method is given. This part of GB/T 16886 also gives a guide to the interpretation of the test results.
Medical device biology evaluation
Part 5. In vitro cytotoxicity test
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 16886 describes test methods for assessing the in vitro cytotoxicity of medical devices.
This section specifies incubation methods for direct contact with the device and/or instrument extract or by contact with cultured cells by diffusion.
This section applies to the biological parameters of mammalian cells in vitro by suitable biological parameters.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
ISO 10993-1 Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 1. Evaluation and testing in the process of risk management (Biologicalevalua-
tionofmedicaldevices-Part 1.Evaluationandtestingwithinariskmanagementprocess)
ISO 10993-12 Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 12. Sample preparation and reference samples (Biologicalevaluationof
medicaldevices-Part 12. Samplepreparationandreferencematerials)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined by ISO 10993-1 apply to this document.
3.1
Culture vessel culturevessels
Vessels suitable for cell culture, including glass culture dishes, plastic culture bottles or plastic porous culture plates and microtiter plates.
Note. In these test methods, these vessels are used interchangeably as long as they meet the requirements of tissue culture level and are suitable for mammalian cell culture.
3.2
Positive control material
Materials that reproduce cytotoxic reactions when tested in this section.
Note. The purpose of the positive control is to show the reaction of the applicable test system, such as polyurethane with organotin as a stabilizer 1) has been used as a solid material and leaching solution
For the control, a dilution of phenol was used as a positive control for the extract. In addition to one material, purified materials can be used to demonstrate the performance of the test system.
1) Polyurethane containing zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC) and diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDBC) can be obtained from the Hatano Institute of Food Medicine
Product Safety Center (Ochiai729-5, Hadanoshi, Kanagawa257, Japan). The information given is for the convenience of users in this section, not
These products are approved on behalf of the standard publisher, and equivalent products can be used if they produce the same results.
3.3
Blank blank
The leaching medium containing no test sample is placed in the same vessel as the test sample during leaching and subjected to the same test sample
condition.
Note. The purpose of the blank is to evaluate the possible interference effects of the leaching vessel, the leaching medium and the leaching process.
3.4
Negative control material negativecontrolmaterial
Materials that do not produce cytotoxic reactions when tested in this section.
Note. The purpose of the negative control is to show the background reaction of the cells, such as high density polyethylene 2) as a negative control for synthetic polymers, and alumina ceramic rods.
Used as a negative control for dental materials.
2) High-density polyethylene is available from the US Pharmacopoeia Commission (Rockvile, MD, USA) and the Food and Drug Safety Center of the Hatano Institute (Ochiai729-
5, Hadanoshi, Kanagawa257, Japan) obtained. The information given is for the convenience of the users of this section and does not endorse the standard publisher.
For products, equal products can be used if they produce the same results.
3.5
Test sample testsample
A material, device, part of a device, component, extract, or a portion thereof used in biological testing, chemical testing, or evaluation.
3.6
Near convergence subconfluency
At the end of the logarithmic growth phase, approximately 80% of the cells meet.
4 sample and control preparation
4.1 General
The test should use.
a) test sample extract; and/or
b) Test the sample itself.
Sample preparation should be in accordance with ISO 10993-12.
Each test should include a negative control and a positive control.
4.2 Preparation of material extract
4.2.1 Principle of extraction
In order to determine potential toxicological hazards, the extraction conditions should be simulated or strictly in accordance with clinical conditions, unless required during clinical application.
However, it does not cause significant changes in the test material such as melting, dissolution or any change in chemical structure. Because of the properties of certain materials (such as
Degradable materials), chemical structure changes may occur during the extraction process.
Note. The concentration of any endogenous or exogenous substance in the extract and the amount of cells exposed to it depends on the interfacial area, extraction volume, pH, chemical dissolution.
Degree, diffusivity, osmotic pressure, agitation, temperature, time and other factors.
For devices (such as bone cement) where the patient mixes two or more components in use to become the final product, the device should not be advanced in advance.
Cleaning. Cleaning the test sample may reduce or remove residue from the device. If the test sample is used in a sterile environment,
The chemical components are leached using the sterilized test sample.
4.2.2 Leaching medium
The extraction medium is selected according to the chemical characteristics of the test sample and should be demonstrated and documented. Should be used in mammalian cell tests
List one or several media.
a) serum-containing medium;
b) a physiological saline solution;
c) Other suitable media.
The choice of medium should reflect the purpose of the leaching. Both polar and non-polar media should be considered. Serum-containing medium is the preferred dip
For medium extraction, serum-containing medium is preferred for leaching because it supports cell growth and leaching both polar and non-polar substances.
Ability. In addition to serum-containing media, serum-free media should be considered when it is clear that polar substances (such as ionic compounds) should be extracted.
Other suitable media include pure water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In the selected test system, DMSO is higher than 0.5% (volume)
Score) is cytotoxic. Compared with the serum-containing medium extraction method, due to the dilution of the DMSO extract, the cells of the extractable cells are connected.
The touch concentration will be lower.
Note 1. Different types of serum (such as fetal bovine serum, bovine/fecal serum, newborn calf serum) may be used in the trial. Serum selection depends on cell type.
And set.
Note 2. It is important to consider that serum/protein is known to bind to the dissolution to some extent.
4.2.3 Extraction conditions
4.2.3.1 Leaching shall be carried out in a sterile, chemically inert closed container using aseptic technique and shall comply with ISO 10993-12.
4.2.3.2 Leaching shall be carried out in accordance with one of the following conditions and in accordance with the characteristics of the device and the specific use, except as given below.
a) (37 ± 1) ° C, (24 ± 2) h;
b) (50 ± 2) ° C, (72 ± 2) h;
c) (70 ± 2) ° C, (24 ± 2) h;
d) (121 ± 2) ° C, (1 ± 0.2) h.
The above extraction conditions are based on historical data and have been used to provide a measure of potential hazards in the assessment of the risk of an instrument or material. Other can be used
Conditions (such as prolonging or shortening the leaching time at 37 ° C), simulating leaching in clinical use or providing an appropriate measure of potential hazard
Set, but should be demonstrated and documented. Contact with undamaged skin or mucous membranes for short-term (accumulated contact time no more than 4h)
For implanted instruments, the leaching time can be less than 24h but not less than 4h under the conditions given in a)~c).
Serum-containing medium can only be used according to the extraction conditions specified in a), because the extraction temperature exceeds (37 ± 1) °C will be serum chemistry and/or serum
Stability and other ingredients in the medium have an adverse effect.
For polymer test samples, the leaching temperature should not exceed the glass transition temperature of the material due to the high temperature changing the composition of the extract.
4.2.3.3 Before the extract is contacted with the cells, if it is filtered, centrifuged or otherwise disposed of, the final report (see Chapter 9) should
Detailed records and description of these steps, any adjustment to the pH of the extract should also be stated in the report. Avoid avoiding the extract
Treatment, such as adjustment of pH, as this will affect the test results.
4.3 Preparation of direct contact test materials
4.3.1 Test sample morphology
In the cytotoxicity test, materials of various shapes, sizes or physical states (such as liquids, gels, solids, etc.) can be processed without trimming.
test.
The preferred test sample for solid materials should have at least one plane, and if there is no plane, the plane should be trimmed.
4.3.2 Asepticity of the test sample
4.3.2.1 The sterility of the test sample should be considered.
4.3.2.2 The whole process of testing from the sterilized device test sample shall be carried out according to the aseptic method.
4.3.2.3 Test samples, such as those obtained from a normally non-sterile supply but sterilized prior to use, shall be sterilized according to the manufacturer's recommendations and
The whole process of the test should be carried out according to the aseptic method.
Before using the test system, the method of preparation of the test sample should be considered when considering the effect of the sterilization method or the sterilizing agent on the device.
4.3.2.4 If the test sample is taken from a device that does not require sterilization during use, it should be used under supply, and should be aseptic during the whole test.
The operation method is carried out. In order to avoid microbial contamination of cell culture, it may be reasonable to sterilize the test material, but the sterilization process should not
Change the performance of the test material.
If non-sterile test samples are used, bacterial contamination should be checked as this may result in a false cytotoxicity assessment.
4.3.3 Liquid test sample
Testing liquid test samples should.
a) placed directly; or
b) Place on a substrate that is biologically inert and absorbent.
Filter membranes are suitable inert water-absorbing matrices that have been found.
4.3.4 Water absorption test sample
For the water-absorbent test sample, if appropriate, the medium is soaked before the test to prevent it from absorbing the medium in the test vessel.
4.4 Preparation of reference substance
The control should be selected and prepared in the same manner as the test sample.
5 cell line
Priority is given to established cell lines and should be obtained from approved sources 3).
3) For example, suitable cell lines recognized by ISO experts include the American Type Culture Collection CCL1 (NCTCclone 929) and CCL 163 (Balb/3T3clone).
A31), CCL171 (MRC-5) and CCL75 (WI-38), CCL81 (Vero) and CCL10 [BHK-21 (C-13)] and V-79379A. Give this
Information is provided to facilitate the users of this section and does not endorse these products on behalf of ISO . Other cell lines that produce the same or more relevant knots
It can also be used.
When special sensitivities are required, if the reproducibility and accuracy of the response can be demonstrated, only primary sources obtained directly from living tissue should be used.
Culture cells, cell lines and organotypic cultures.
If a storage culture cell line is frozen, it should be placed in the corresponding medium and frozen at -80 ° C or below -80 ° C.
There is a low temperature protective agent such as dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerin. Long-term storage (months to years) can only be below -130 ° C or -130 ° C
Freeze.
The test should only use cells without Mycoplasma contamination, and it is advisable to test whether the primary cultured cells have mycoplasma before use.
Regular examination of cells (eg morphology, doubling time, representative number of chromosomes) is important because test sensitivity will follow
Changed by the number of times.
Good cell culture protocols should be used, see reference [5].
6 medium
The medium should be sterile.
Serum-containing or serum-free media should meet the growth requirements of selected cell lines.
The medium may contain antibiotics that do not adversely affect the test.
Storage conditions should be confirmed.
Note. The stability of the medium is related to its composition and storage conditions.
The pH of the medium should be kept between 7.2 and 7.4.
7 Storage culture cell preparation
Sufficient cells required for the assay were prepared using selected cell lines and media. When using stored culture cells, such as adding a low temperature protectant
To remove, subculture at least once before use.
When subculturing the cells, the cells are removed and resuspended by enzymatic dispersion and/or mechanical dispersion of a suitable cell line.
8 test steps
8.1 Parallel samples
At least three parallel test sample numbers and control numbers should be used.
8.2 Extract test
8.2.1 This test is used for qualitative and quantitative assessment of cytotoxicity.
8.2.2 Aspirate an equal amount of the suspension from the continuously stirred cell suspension and inject a sufficient amount of each vessel into contact with the extract.
Lightly rotating the vessel spreads the cells evenly over the surface of the vessel.
8.2.3 Select a suitable buffer system according to the medium and culture at (37 ± 1) °C in air with or without carbon dioxide.
The test should be carried out on near confluent monolayer cells or fresh suspension cells.
In colony formation assays, only suitable low density cells should be used.
8.2.4 The near confluence and morphology of the cultured cells were verified with a microscope before the start of the experiment. In special cases, it can be vaccinated at the starting point of the test.
Exponentially growing cells (eg primary cells, high proliferating cells).
8.2.5 Test optional.
a) extracting stock solution; and/or
b) Serial dilutions of the extract stock solution and the extract with the leaching medium as the diluent.
Alternatively, when it is known or suspected that the solubility of the material is limited, it is preferred to change the ratio of the original leaching of the test sample to the leaching medium.
dilution.
If a single layer of cells is used in the test, the medium in the culture vessel should be discarded, and an equal amount of the extract or its dilution should be added to each vessel.
The test is carried out by using suspended cells, and immediately after the preparation of the cell suspension, the extract or its dilution is added to each parallel vessel.
8.2.6 When using non-physiological extracts such as water, the extracts should be tested at the highest physiologically compatible concentration after dilution with the medium.
Note. It is recommended to dilute the aqueous extract with concentrated (eg 2x, 5x) medium.
8.2.7 Add known equal amounts of blank and negative and positive control solutions to other parallel vessels.
Note. Fresh media can also be used as a control test when appropriate.
8.2.8 Vessels are cultured in the same conditions as described in 8.2.3. The appropriate culture period is consistent with the selected method.
8.2.9 After at least 24 h of incubation, determine the cytotoxic response according to 8.5.
8.3 Direct contact test
8.3.1 This test is used for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of cytotoxicity.
8.3.2 Aspirate a known equivalent of the suspension from the continuously stirred cell suspension and inject a sufficient amount of each directly into contact with the test sample.
Inside the vessel. Gently rotate the vessel horizontally to spread the cells evenly over the surface of each vessel.
8.3.3 According to the buffer system selected by the medium, culture at (37 ± 1) °C in air with or without carbon dioxide until the culture is fine
The cells grow to near confluence.
8.3.4 Microscopic examination of the near confluence and morphology of cultured cells prior to the start of the experiment. In special cases, it can be vaccinated at the starting point of the test.
Exponentially growing cells (eg primary cells, high proliferating cells).
8.3.5 Discard the medium in the culture vessel and add fresh medium to each vessel.
8.3.6 Carefully place a test sample on each cell layer in the center of each vessel to ensure that the sample covers the cell surface.
About one tenth.
Other sample surface to cell layer surface ratios may also be employed as evidenced.
Care should be taken to prevent unnecessary movement of the sample during operation, otherwise physical damage to the cells may occur, such as unnecessary movement.
Fragments of exfoliated cells.
Note. When appropriate, place the sample in the culture vessel before the cells are added.
8.3.7 Prepare negative control and positive control material vessels by the same method.
8.3.8 Vessels are cultured under the same conditions as described in 8.3.3. The appropriate culture period (minimum 24 h) is consistent with the selected method.
8.3.9 Remove the upper medium before adding the chemical/dye and determine the cytotoxic response according to 8.5.
8.4 Indirect contact test
8.4.1 Agar diffusion test
8.4.1.1 This test is used for the qualitative assessment of cytotoxicity. This method does not apply to the inability to diffuse through the agar layer or possibly interact with agar.
Leachable. Cytotoxicity assessment using the agar diffusion test should be demonstrated.
8.4.1.2 Aspirate a known equivalent of the suspension from the continuously stirred cell suspension and inject a sufficient amount of test into each parallel vessel.
Gently rotate the vessel horizontally to spread the cells evenly over the surface of each vessel.
8.4.1.3 According to the buffer system selected for the medium, culture at (37 ± 1) °C in air with or without carbon dioxide until the growth curve
The logarithmic growth phase of the line is near the confluence of cells.
8.4.1.4 Microscopic examination of the near confluence and morphology of cultured cells prior to the start of the experiment.
8.4.1.5 Discard the medium in the vessel, then mix the melted agar with the fresh medium containing serum to make the final mass concentration of the agar
0.5%~2%, and add the appropriate volume to each vessel. Cell culture can only use agar suitable for the growth of mammalian cells.
This agar/medium mixture is preferably liquid and suitable for mammalian cells.
Note. Agars of various molecular weights and purities can be used universally.
8.4.1.6 Carefully place parallel samples of the test sample on the solidified agar layer of each vessel to ensure that the sample covers approximately 10 of the surface of the cell layer.
One of the points.
Other sample surface to cell layer surface ratios may also be employed.
Any water-absorbent material is humidified with a medium prior to being placed in the agar to prevent dehydration of the agar.
8.4.1.7 Prepare negative control and positive control material vessels by the same method.
8.4.1.8 Incubate for 24 h to 72 h under the same conditions as described in 8.4.1.3.
8.4.1.9 Check the cells for cytotoxicity before and after carefully removing the sample from the agar.
The use of live dyes such as neutral red can help detect cytotoxicity. The living dye can be added before or after the culture of the sample, such as in culture.
Before the addition, cell culture should be carried out in the dark to prevent cell damage caused by photoactivation of the dye.
8.4.2 Filter diffusion test
8.4.2.1 This test is used for qualitative assessment of cytotoxicity.
8.4.2.2 Place a membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm and no surfactant in a sufficient number of parallel vessels for each test.
Enter a known equal amount of continuously stirred cell suspension and gently rotate the vessel to evenly disperse the cells on the surface of each filter.
8.4.2.3 According to the buf......
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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