GB/T 16716.4-2018 PDF English
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Packaging and the environment -- Part 4: Material recycling
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| GB/T 16716.4-2010 | English | 559 |
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Packaging and packaging waste -- Part 4: Reuse
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GB/T 16716.4-2018: PDF in English (GBT 16716.4-2018) GB/T 16716.4-2018
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 55.020
A 80
Replacing GB/T 16716.5-2010
Packaging and the environment - Part 4: Material recycling
(ISO 18604:2013, Packaging and the environment - Material recycling,
MOD)
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Requirements ... 6
Annex A (normative) Guidelines to evaluate recyclable of packaging materials ... 8
Annex B (normative) Guidelines for evaluating recycling performance ... 10
Annex C (informative) Examples of determining percent recyclable declaration for
packaging units ... 13
Annex D (informative) Examples of declaration of packaging unit recyclable mass
percentage ... 15
Bibliography... 21
Annex B
(normative)
Guidelines for evaluating recycling performance
B.1 Overview
This appendix gives guidelines for evaluating recycle performance. Table B.1 is a
comparison table of the relationship between packaging life cycle steps and material
recycling guidelines.
B.2 Design
B.2.1 Packaging design including structure, combination, compounding and
dismantling of components shall be harmonized with relevant material recycling
technical specifications. Determine that the material can be recycled at a certain mass
percentage. Evaluate:
- Technical problems that may occur during the recycling of substances or materials;
- Problems that may occur during the collection and sorting of materials, material
compounding or packaging design before the material is recycled;
- General problems with substances or materials that may degrade in quality after
regeneration.
B.2.2 When the style and material of packaging units or packaging components are
collected, sorted and recycled in accordance with national, industry or international
standards or specifications, the recyclable mass percentage declaration can be used as
proof of recyclability. Annex C gives examples of recyclable mass percentage
declaration.
The following factors affecting the material recycling process shall be evaluated:
a) The effectiveness of material recycling depends on the input of materials with
specific properties in the production process with or without primary raw
materials;
b) The proportion of each component of the multi-material package may vary, such
as a small proportion of labels and a large proportion of sealing devices. The
material recovery method, recycling process and emptying effect of this type of
packaging will affect its recyclability;
c) Whether the following packaging instructions comply with the technical
requirements for the delivery and supply of material inputs in national or
international standards for recycling processes:
1) Separability of components;
2) Mechanical or chemical compatibility of material combinations or material
composites in recycling processes and recycling processes;
d) Other design factors that affect recyclability performance shall be evaluated
before finalizing the packaging design:
1) Substances harmful to the environment listed in GB/T 16716.2;
2) Whether the design affecting the emptying effect meets the requirements of
B.4.2.
B.3 Production
B.3.1 Raw materials and material compounding during production, transformation and
filling
The procurement, processing, transformation and filling operations of raw materials
shall be managed effectively. There shall be no changes or deviations affecting the cycle
regeneration process.
NOTE: See ISO/TR 17098.
B.3.2 Variation control during machining
Materials selected at the design stage shall be suitable for recycling technology. There
shall be no changes during processing that affect the recycling process.
NOTE: This clause also applies to the selection of other ingredients (such as adhesives, printing
inks, coatings) or components (such as labels, seals or other auxiliary materials).
B.4 Use
B.4.1 Basic requirements
It shall meet the safety and hygiene requirements of the packaging and the needs of
consumers.
B.4.2 End user emptying
The shape of the primary packaging, the shape of the opening and the location of the
opening shall be designed to allow the end user to use conventional methods for
emptying without affecting the recycling process.
The packaging system includes primary packaging, secondary packaging (combination
packaging) and tertiary packaging (transport packaging) for direct product contact. The
last two types of packaging shall be easy to separate and ensure that the product is not
contaminated.
B.4.3 End user classification
Packaging shall be constructed so that it can be disassembled by the end user in
foreseeable circumstances. Packages with multiple material combinations shall be
dismantled in a collection system that meets recycling requirements.
B.5 Collection and classification
Wherever possible, detailed information related to the collection and classification
process shall be collected and incorporated into the design and production of the
packaging.
B.6 Material identification mark
B.6.1 The identification mark of the material shall be clear and legible. The main
packaging material shall be identified.
B.6.2 The material identification mark of the packaging plays the following auxiliary
functions in each link after use:
- Prompt processing options for the user;
- Prompt collection and classification options;
- Option to prompt material to enter recycling process.
B.6.3 Common-sense materials may not use identifying marks.
B.6.4 Material identification can be done by means of other methods, such as color or
special shape of the container.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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