GB/T 16507.2-2022 PDF in English
GB/T 16507.2-2022 (GB/T16507.2-2022, GBT 16507.2-2022, GBT16507.2-2022)
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GB/T 16507.2-2022: PDF in English (GBT 16507.2-2022) GB/T 16507.2-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.060.30
CCS J 98
Replacing GB/T 16507.2-2013
Water-tube boilers - Part 2: Materials
ISSUED ON: MARCH 09, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 7
1 Scope ... 9
2 Normative references ... 9
3 Terms and definitions ... 11
4 Basic requirements ... 12
5 Design material ... 13
6 Materials for pressure elements ... 15
7 Materials for stress members ... 27
8 Materials for steel structures ... 31
9 Welding materials ... 32
Annex A (normative) Supplementary requirements for materials ... 33
Annex B (informative) Elastic modulus, thermal conductivity and expansion coefficient
of commonly used materials ... 35
Annex C (normative) Metallographic inspection of steel forgings ... 38
Bibliography ... 40
Water-tube boilers - Part 2: Materials
1 Scope
This document specifies the principles and requirements for the selection of materials
for pressure and non-pressure elements of water-tube boilers, stress components, the
application range (temperature and pressure) and allowable stress of materials, as well
as the general requirements for boiler steel structures and welding materials.
This document is applicable to the selection and use of materials for pressure elements
and non-pressure elements, stress components, boiler steel structures and welding
materials of water-tube boilers defined in GB/T 16507.1
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 150.2, Pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials
GB/T 699, Quality carbon structure steels
GB/T 700, Auto immediate
GB/T 711, Hot-rolled quality carbon structural steel plates sheets and strips
GB/T 713, Steel plates for boilers and pressure vessels
GB/T 983, Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of stainless and heat-
resisting steels
GB/T 984, Hard facing electrodes for shielded metal arc welding
GB/T 1220, Stainless steel rod
GB/T 1221, Heat-resistant steel bars
GB/T 1348, Spheroidal graphite iron castings
GB/T 1591, High strength low alloy structural steels
GB/T 2900.48, Electrotechnical terminology of boilers
GB/T 3077, Alloy structure steels
GB/T 3087, Seamless steel tubes and pipes for low and medium pressure boiler
GB/T 3091, Welded steel pipes for low pressure liquid delivery
GB/T 3274, Hot-rolled plates, sheets and strips of carbon structural steels and high
strength low alloy structural steels
GB/T 3280, Cold rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip
GB/T 4237, Hot rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip
GB/T 5117, Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine
grain steels
GB/T 5118, Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of creep-resisting
steels
GB/T 5293, Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and electrode/flux
combinations for submerged arc welding of nonalloy and fine grain steels
GB/T 5310, Seamless steel tubes and pipes for high pressure boiler
GB/T 5313, Steel plate with through-thickness characteristics
GB/T 6394, Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal
GB/T 6803, Test method for drop-weight test to determine nil-ductility transition
temperature of ferritic steels
GB/T 8110, Wire electrodes and weld deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of
non-alloy and fine grain steels
GB/T 8163, Seamless steel pipes for liquid service
GB/T 9439, Grey iron castings
GB/T 9440, Malleable iron castings
GB/T 9711, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Steel pipe for pipeline
transportation systems
GB/T 10045, Tubular cored electrodes for non-alloy and fine grain steels
GB/T 10561, Steel - Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions -
Micrographic method using standards diagrams
GB/T 12470, Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and electrode/flux
4 Basic requirements
4.1 The steel of the pressure element and the load-bearing member welded with the
pressure element shall be killed steel.
4.2 Elements not specified in the material standards shall not be added to the material
without the consent of the boiler manufacturer.
4.3 Boiler manufacturers shall conduct acceptance inspection for boiler materials
according to the items specified in JB/T 3375. They can only be used after passing the
acceptance inspection.
4.4 Materials that meet one of the following conditions may not be subject to physical
and chemical and corresponding non-destructive testing re-inspection during
acceptance:
a) The acceptance personnel shall conduct acceptance inspection at the material
manufacturer according to the procurement technical requirements. Witness
signature confirmation on the inspection report or relevant quality certification
documents;
b) For carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel materials for boilers with rated
working pressure less than 3.8MPa, the identification of the physical object is
clear and complete. It has a material quality certificate that meets the requirements
of 4.6. The quality certificate is consistent with the actual object.
4.5 In the boiler manufacturing process, if there is a process of thermal processing with
a heating temperature exceeding the phase transition point or the overall heat treatment
of the component, the raw material of the component does not require the material
manufacturer to guarantee the heat treatment state. However, it shall be clearly
stipulated in the ordering technical conditions.
4.6 Manufacturers of special steel plates, steel pipes and forgings for boilers shall ensure
the quality of materials and provide material quality certificates. The material quality
certificate shall meet the following requirements:
a) The material manufacturer shall provide the user with the original quality
certificate in accordance with the corresponding material standards and the
provisions of the order contract. The content of the material quality certificate
shall be complete. It shall be printed with traceable information logo. It shall be
stamped with the quality inspection seal of the material manufacturer.
b) When the boiler materials are not directly provided by the material manufacturer,
the material operator shall provide the original material quality certificate, or a
copy of the material quality certificate stamped with the official seal of the
material operator and the signature (seal) of the responsible person.
4.7 The elongation after fracture (A) of steel plates, steel pipes and forging materials
used for pressure elements at room temperature in the longitudinal direction shall not
be less than 18%.
4.8 The room temperature Charpy V-notch impact absorption energy (KV2) of steel
plates, steel pipes and forgings used for pressure elements shall not be less than 27J.
Austenitic steel can be exempted from the impact test.
4.9 When steel plates, steel pipes and forgings used for pressure elements are directly
rolled and forged by casting billets (including die casting and continuous casting), the
deformation ratio shall not be less than 3.0.
4.10 After the material standard version is updated, if the performance indicators or
technical requirements of the material have not been adjusted, it will not affect the use
of stock materials. Otherwise, it shall be verified whether the quality of the stock
material meets the requirements of the new version of the standard.
5 Design material
5.1 Pressure element
5.1.1 The selection of materials is based on the operating conditions (pressure,
temperature and other environmental factors) of the pressure element of the boiler. At
the same time, consider the processing technology and equipment conditions of the
manufacturer.
5.1.2 Metal materials used for pressure elements shall have sufficient strength, good
tissue stability and corrosion resistance. Materials for components subject to alternating
loads or alternating cold and heat shall have good fatigue resistance.
5.1.3 The materials used for boiler pressure elements shall be the designations specified
in this document. If materials other than those specified are used, they shall comply
with the relevant requirements of this document. Materials and new materials of foreign
designations shall meet the requirements of Annex A.
5.1.4 The calculated temperature (wall temperature) of the pressure element or the wall
temperature of the outer wall shall not exceed the limit value of the material specified
in this document.
5.1.5 Lugs, fins and similar non-pressure elements welded to pressure elements shall
be of material compatible with the material to which they are to be joined.
5.1.6 Substitute materials shall meet the strength, structure and process requirements of
the original design. They shall be approved by the technical department (including the
design and process department) of the material substitute organization.
requirements of NB/T 47018 (all parts).
6 Materials for pressure elements
6.1 Steel plate
6.1.1 The applicable range of working pressure and wall temperature of carbon steel
and low alloy steel plates shall comply with the provisions in Table 1.
6.1.2 The allowable stresses of commonly used steel plates are listed in Table 2.
6.1.3 Steel plates with a thickness greater than 30mm shall be ultrasonically tested one
by one according to NB/T 47013.3. The ultrasonic testing quality level is:
a) For Q245R and Q345R steel plates with a thickness greater than 30mm and not
greater than 36mm, it is not lower than level II;
b) For Q245R and Q345R steel plates with a thickness greater than 36mm, it is not
lower than level I;
c) For other alloy steel plates, not lower than level I.
6.1.4 For carbon steel and low-alloy steel plates that require normalizing, normalizing
plus tempering or quenching and tempering heat treatment during the boiler
manufacturing process, the delivery status of the steel plate manufacturer may be
different from the provisions in Table 2. The samples for exit-factory inspection and
enter-factory inspection can be taken from the heat-treated steel plate sample blocks.
6.1.5 For 13MnNiMoR steel plates with a thickness greater than 36 mm, the drop
weight test can be added according to GB/T 6803. The acceptance index of non-plastic
transition temperature (NDT) is stipulated in the design documents.
6.1.6 For steel plates with a calculated temperature higher than 300°C, the high
temperature tensile test at this temperature may be specified in the design documents if
necessary.
6.1.7 If the manufacturing process permits, the drum can be directly made of controlled-
rolled or hot-rolled steel plates with a Q345R plate thickness of 36mm or less.
6.1.8 When other materials listed in GB/T 713 are used as boiler steel plates, the scope
of application can be selected in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T 150.2.
use environment.
6.2.4 Steel pipes with an outer diameter of not less than 76mm and a wall thickness of
not less than 14mm shall be subjected to the impact test at room temperature.
6.2.5 According to the operating environment of boiler elements, special corrosion
resistance requirements for steel pipes can be specified if necessary, for example, the
steam corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the heating surface tube of the boiler
with a steam parameter of 22.1MPa or more.
6.2.6 The 20G+07Cr19Ni10 composite pipe in GB/T 28883 (meeting the requirements
of NB/T 47019.3) is designed and calculated according to the base material.
6.2.7 The scope of application and allowable stress of the internally threaded seamless
steel pipes in GB/T 20409 are consistent with those of the seamless steel pipes of the
same designation.
6.3 Forging
6.3.1 The applicable range of working pressure and wall temperature of forgings for
boiler pressure elements shall comply with the provisions in Table 5. The allowable
stresses are listed in Table 6.
6.3.2 For 25 steel forgings, its chemical composition is in accordance with GB/T 699.
The heat treatment state is normalizing. The inspection items and quality are in
accordance with the requirements of NB/T 47008. The mechanical properties are
controlled in accordance with the following:
- Nominal thickness (t) not greater than 100mm: Rm≥420MPa, Rp0.2≥235MPa,
A≥22%, HBW≤170;
- Nominal thickness (t) greater than 100mm: Rm≥390MPa, Rp0.2≥215MPa, A≥20%,
HBW≤170.
6.3.3 Metallographic inspection shall be added to grade III and grade IV forgings used
for pressure elements. Metallographic inspection shall comply with the provisions of
Annex C.
6.3.4 According to the rated parameters of the boiler, forgings are divided into 4 grades:
a) Grade I is used for pressure-bearing forgings of hot water boilers and steam boilers
with rated steam pressure not greater than 3.8MPa and rated steam temperature
not greater than 450°C;
b) Grade II is used for pressure-bearing forgings of steam boilers with rated steam
pressure not greater than 13.7MPa and rated steam temperature not greater than
540°C or force-bearing forgings that withstand relatively large external loads;
c) Grade III is used for pressure-bearing forgings of steam boilers with a rated steam
pressure greater than 13.7MPa, and forgings that may cause serious safety
accidents or equipment accidents if damaged. Otherwise, it is a grade II forging;
d) Grade IV is used for large pressure-bearing forgings with a rated steam pressure
greater than 22.1MPa and a single piece mass greater than 800kg.
Forgings in a reheat system can be graded according to reheat parameters.
6.3.5 For steel forgings whose calculated design temperature is higher than 300°C, if
necessary, the high temperature tensile test for forgings at this temperature can be
specified in the design documents.
6.3.6 All kinds of pipe fittings (tees, elbows, variable diameter joints and so on) and
elements such as header heads can be made by thermal processing of the corresponding
steel pipe materials in Table 3.
6.3.7 In addition to various types of flanges, hollow cylindrical pipe fittings or pipe
caps can be processed from rolled or forged round steel of the corresponding material
grade in Table 5. The round steel for processing pipe fittings shall not be replaced by
steel plates. When rolling or forging round steel is used to process hollow cylindrical
pipe fittings or pipe cap pipe fittings, the following requirements shall be met:
a) The outer diameter of carbon steel hollow cylindrical pipe fittings is not more than
160mm. The outer diameter of alloy steel pipe fittings or pipe caps is not greater
than 114mm;
b) The longitudinal axis of the pipe fitting is parallel to the axis of the round steel;
c) Conduct non-destructive testing for processed pipe fittings.
6.3.8 Q235 (B, C, D) steel can be used for forgings with working pressure not greater
than 2.5MPa and wall temperature not greater than 350°C.
6.3.9 Other materials in NB/T 47008 and NB/T 47010 can also be used for forgings.
The scope of application is in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T 150.2.
Annex A
(normative)
Supplementary requirements for materials
A.1 Materials of foreign designations
Boiler pressure elements using foreign designation materials shall meet the following
requirements:
a) It shall be the material allowed to be used in the overseas boiler product standards
announced by the State Administration for Market Regulation;
b) Check and accept according to the technical standards and technical conditions
stipulated in the order contract;
c) Before using the material for the first time, the welding procedure qualification
and forming procedure test shall be carried out;
d) The performance index stipulated in the technical standard or technical condition
of the material shall be used for strength calculation;
e) Materials used for the first time in domestic boilers shall pass technical review.
A.2 New materials
A.2.1 The material manufacturer shall formulate the enterprise standard for the material.
A.2.2 New materials shall undergo technical review. Review materials include:
a) Chemical composition, as well as experimental research data to determine the
upper and lower limits;
b) Charpy impact energy absorbed at room temperature (KV2);
c) Ductile-brittle transition temperature (FATT50);
d) In the range from room temperature to at least 50°C above the maximum
allowable working temperature, or 50°C above the temperature equal to the high
temperature yield strength and enduring strength, tensile strength (Rm), lower
yield strength (ReL) or specified plastic elongation strength (Rp0.2) at a temperature
interval of 50°C, as well as elongation after fracture (A) and reduction of area (Z);
e) For carbon steel with working temperature higher than 350°C and alloy steel with
working temperature higher than 400°C, it shall provide 105 h durability strength
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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