GB 8897.4-2008 PDF in English
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GB 8897.4-2008: PDF in English GB 8897.4-2008
Primary batteries.Part 4. Safety of lithium batteries
ICS 29.220.10
K82
National Standards of People's Republic of China
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
Replacing GB 8897.4-2002
Galvanic cells Part 4. Safety requirements lithium
(IEC 60086-4.2007, IDT)
Published 2008-12-30
2010-03-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Table of Contents
Preface Ⅰ
Introduction Ⅱ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
Terms and definitions 1 3
4 3 Safety Requirements
5 sampling 3
6 Testing and requirements 4
7 Safety Information 13
8 Instructions 15
9 mark 16
Appendix A (informative) lithium battery safety guidelines 17
Electric Appendix B (informative) lithium batteries as a power source with Designer's Guide 18
Additional information Annex C (normative) on the display and storage of the battery 20
Annex D (informative) This section 21 technical difference compared to the 2002 edition
Reference 22
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
Foreword
Chapter 4 section, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Section 9 is mandatory, the rest are recommended.
"Galvanic cell" is divided into five parts.
--- GB/T 8897.1 "primary cells - Part 1. General"
--- GB/T 8897.2 "galvanic cell Part 2. Dimensions and electrical performance requirements"
--- GB/T 8897.3 "galvanic cell Part 3. Battery Watch"
--- GB 8897.4 "galvanic cell Part 4. lithium Security requirements"
--- GB 8897.5 "galvanic cell - Part 5. Safety requirements for batteries with aqueous electrolyte"
This part is "galvanic cell" Part 4.
This section is equivalent to using IEC 60086-4.2007 "primary cell Part 4. lithium Security requirements" (3rd Edition).
This part of IEC 60086-4.2007 as compared to only do the following editorial changes.
Quote --- "normative references" in the standard to replace the corresponding national standards;
--- with symbols instead of decimal decimal symbol "," ".";
--- instead of "this International Standard" by "this standard";
--- with "this section" instead of "in the present section of this International Standard";
--- delete informative overview of elements of international standards (including the cover, directory, preface).
This partial replacement GB 8897.4-2002 "galvanic cell Part 4. lithium battery safety requirements."
This portion of the main technical difference GB 8897.4-2002 See Appendix D.
Appendix A of this section, to Appendix B, appendix C, Appendix D are informative annex.
This section was proposed by China Light Industry Federation.
This part of the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee of Standardization primary battery (SAC/TC176).
This part mainly drafted by. China National Light Industry Quality Supervision and Test Center battery, Fujian Nanping Nanfu Battery Co., Ltd., Chengdu Jianzhong
Lithium Co., Ltd., Wu Jiang Exit Inspection and Quarantine, Changzhou of legislation Battery Co., Ltd., Li Jia Power Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
Participated in the drafting of this section. Wuhan Lixing (Torch) Power Co., Ltd., Guangdong is Dragon Corp., Guangzhou Panyu Huali Electric
Limited pool.
This part drafter. Lin Peiyun, Liu Yan, Huang Xingping, Wu Yifan, Wang Caijuan, Xu Pingguo, Wang Jian, Wang Chuanyi, Huang Weijie, Zhang Chaoming.
Replaced this part of previously issued as follows.
--- GB 8897.4-2002.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
introduction
The concept is closely related to the protection of life and property safety is not compromised. This section specifies the requirements and test methods lithium battery. this
Part used in IEC 60086-4 3rd Edition is in accordance with ISO /IEC Guide, also refer to all applicable national and international standards
Formulated on the basis of the quasi.
Unlike conventional lithium primary batteries using an aqueous electrolyte, since they contain flammable substances.
Therefore, carefully consider safety in the design, production, sale, use and disposal of lithium batteries is important. Based on the particularity of lithium batteries,
Consumer lithium batteries initially small size and low power, and high-power batteries are used for the special industrial and military, the battery must be such
Be replaced by professionals. IEC /T C35 at the time was in this context that the drafting of the first edition of IEC 160086-4 is.
However, from the beginning of the 1980s, high-power lithium battery began widely used in the consumer sector, mainly for the power of the camera.
With the significant growth in demand for high-power batteries, different production plant began production of high-power lithium battery. In this case, IEC 60086-
4 Release 2 increases the safety requirements for high-power lithium battery.
This section (using IEC 60086-4 Edition 3) main goal is to make this part of lithium transport inspection items and GB 21966 Co
Transfer agreement.
Appendix A is a lithium battery safety design guidelines. Appendix B is a safety design guidelines electrical appliances lithium battery for power supply. Appendix A and
Appendix B is based on the Reference [18], taking into account the experience of the use of lithium batteries for cameras enacted.
Security is to avoid an unacceptable risk. There is no absolute security. risk is always there. So the product, process or service is only possible
There are relatively safe. Security is between the "ideal of absolute security" and "to meet the needs and take into account other factors" to seek the best balance of love
Under conditions will reduce the risk to an acceptable level. ( "Meet demand" refers to a product, process or service to meet the requirements; "other factors" refers to the user benefits
Factors benefit, applicability, cost efficiency and social conventions. )
Security will form different problems, it is impossible to put forward a precise set of rules and recommendations apply to all situations. But when the wise
When follow the "adoption where appropriate", this section will be very coordinated safety regulations.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
Galvanic cells Part 4. Safety requirements lithium
Range 1
This section provides a lithium primary battery of test items and requirements to ensure that the lithium primary battery in the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse
Security work with the case.
NOTE. GB/T 8897.2 standardized in primary lithium batteries should comply with all applicable requirements of this section. Needless to say, this portion may also be used to detect and /
Or unnormalized ensure the safety of a lithium primary battery. But no matter what part of the above-mentioned case, do not declare or to ensure compliance (or non-compliance) of this
Part of the battery can satisfy the requirements (or not satisfied) or the use of any special needs of the user.
2 Normative references
Terms of the following documents constitute provisions of this section by reference in this section. For dated reference documents, all later
Amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this section, however, encourage the parties to agreements based on research of
Whether the latest versions of these documents. For undated reference documents, the latest versions apply to this section.
GB/T 8897.1 galvanic cell Part 1. General (GB/T 8897.1-2008, IEC 60086-1.2007, MOD)
GB/T 8897.2 galvanic cell Part 2. Dimensions and electrical performance requirements (GB/T 8897.2-2008, IEC 60086-2.
2007, MOD)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this section.
3.1
The total lithium content of all the cells contained in a battery.
3.2
Fitted with means (e.g. a housing, terminal, and the protection device flag) necessary for use, consists of a single or a plurality of galvanic cells
battery.
3.3
The total height is less than the diameter of a cylindrical cell, a button shape or coin.
3.4
Charging not according to the design, chemical energy directly into electrical energy to power the basic functional unit. An electrode, an electrolyte, container, poles
Ends, often also the isolation layer.
3.5
Was charged in a battery cell.
3.6
The total height is equal to or larger than the diameter of the cylindrical cell.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
3.7
Battery discharge capacity as a percentage of the rated capacity.
3.8
The battery state of charge-discharge depth of 100%.
3.9
Damage to human health or harm, or damage to property or the environment.
3.10
A potential source of harm.
3.11
By using the information provided by the supplier of the product, process or service.
3.12
The total amount of lithium battery exceeds 500g.
3.13
The total amount of lithium of more than 12g cell.
3.14
The negative electrode is lithium or a lithium-containing non-aqueous electrolyte cell.
3.15
Used to identify a suitable approximation of a voltage cell, or electrochemical cell system.
3.16
When the voltage of the battery discharge current is zero.
3.17
Description of each surface is a rectangular parallelepiped shape of the surface of the battery.
3.18
Current limiting fuse means, a diode, or other electrical or electronic, such as, for cutting off the current, the current blocking certain direction or slicing
Current path.
3.19
Measured under the conditions specified by the obtained battery capacity stated by the manufacturer.
3.20
Failure to supply-side provisions of use of the product, process or service, but this is very easy to foresee the result of human activities caused.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
3.21
A comprehensive measure of the severity of injuries and the possibility of injury.
3.22
No unacceptable risk.
3.23
Depth of discharge of the battery state of charge of 0%.
4 security requirements
4.1 Design
Lithium their chemical composition (the anode, cathode and electrolyte), the internal structure (carbon and wound inclusive) and the actual shape (cylindrical, button
Type, rectangular) classified. At the design stage battery safety issues must be considered in all aspects, to recognize that different lithium systems, different
Different cell capacity and safety structure is very different.
The following safety-related design concepts are applicable to all lithium batteries.
a) designed to prevent the abnormal temperature rise by the manufacturer exceeds a predetermined threshold;
b) limiting the current through the design, to control the temperature of the battery rises;
c) Lithium batteries designed to release an excessive pressure inside the battery can be excluded or used in transport, and the expected reasonably foreseeable misuse
Serious rupture in use.
Lithium battery safety guidelines in Appendix A.
4.2 Quality Plan
Manufacturers should develop quality plans, inspection procedures specified materials, spare parts, cells and batteries in the production process, and battery
The whole process of production to be implemented.
5 Sampling
5.1 General
Accordance with generally accepted statistical methods in samples taken in batches of the product.
5.2 test sample
The number of samples tested are shown in Table 1. A test performed in order to test the same sample E. From test to test F M each inspection
Inspection requirements for all new batteries.
Note. Test F and G do a two selected test, how to choose depends on which one is more suitable for the subject simulation of an internal short circuit of the battery type.
Table 1 Sample Number of cells
Battery cells and batteries consisting of a plurality of unit cells by a plurality of unit cells constituting
A sample test to test the E
The number of items
Battery discharged battery is not fully discharged is not discharged completely discharged battery
10 10 4a 4a
F test to test samples of G
The number of items
Discharging the battery is not fully discharged battery
5 (cylindrical and button batteries)
10 (a rectangular battery)
5 (cylindrical and button batteries)
10 (a rectangular battery)
The test cell is not required, but the unit cell
It should have been ahead by the test.
H is the number of samples tested
Discharging the battery is not fully discharged battery
NA 10
The test cell is not required, but the unit cell
It should have been ahead by the test.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
TABLE 1 (cont.)
Battery cells and batteries consisting of a plurality of unit cells by a plurality of unit cells constituting
I like to test the test K
The number of items
Battery discharged battery is not fully discharged is not discharged completely discharged battery
5 5 NA NA
The number of samples tested L
Discharging the battery is not fully discharged battery
5 (+15) b Not applicable
Not applicable
M is the number of samples tested
50% depth of discharge the battery to 75% depth of discharge of the battery
5 (+15) b 5 (+15) b
Not applicable
When a battery test, unless they are of cells or unit cells composed of these first inspected, the number of cells should be the subject of such
Determination. the number of the unit cells included in these batteries should be at least equal to the number of inspection items detected cell as claimed.
Example 1. a test if the two cells contained a battery, then the number of the battery 5 is required to test if these units or unit cells from these
Number of battery cells composed of previously inspected, the required test is 4.
Example 2. If the test contains three or more unit cells of a battery, then the number of cells is required for the examination 4.
b parentheses attached battery is not discharged.
6 Testing and requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 Test items
Test items in Table 2.
Table 2 Test items
battery
constitute
Types of
Test items
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
Single √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √a √b
More √ √ √ √ √
Unwell
With c
Unwell
With c
Unwell
With c
√ √ √ NA NA
Note. the type of cell constituting
Single. cell (CEL), or a cell constituting a battery (Battery)
A plurality of. a plurality of battery cell (CEL) configuration (Battery)
only applies to a CR17345, CR15H270 and may occur improperly installed and similar types of charging, the battery having a wound structure.
b is only applicable to CR17345, CR15H270 and may be too similar type of discharge, the battery having a wound structure.
c battery does not need to proceed with the test, but the cell should have passed the test.
6.1.2 Safety Precautions
Warning.
To take appropriate protective measures to be tested according to the procedure, or they may cause injury.
Formulating these test items, the assumption was tested by a qualified, experienced technical personnel to take appropriate protective measures under
ongoing.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
6.1.3 Ambient temperature
Unless otherwise specified, all testing was performed at ambient temperature (20 ± 5) ℃.
6.1.4 parameter measurement error
The accuracy of all the control value (the predetermined value relative terms) or the accuracy of the measured value (actual parameter relative terms) should be in the following range of error
Wai within.
a) Voltage. ± 1%;
b) Current. ± 1%;
c) Temperature. ± 2 ℃;
d) Time. ± 0.1%;
e) Size. ± 1%;
f) Capacity. ± 1%.
Error caused by the above measuring instrument, and the inspection process measurement techniques employed in the composition of all other error synthesis.
6.1.5 predischarge
When the current required pre-discharge test should be used to obtain its rated capacity resistive load, or use specified by the manufacturer will be subject to
Subject to the corresponding battery discharge depth of discharge.
6.1.6 Additional battery
When the cell requires additional testing, and use the same type of cell of the subject, and preferably the same batch of cells.
6.2 test results criteria
6.2.1 short circuit
After the test cell open circuit voltage is less than 90% of the open-circuit voltage before the test.
This requirement does not apply to the subject battery is fully discharged state.
6.2.2 overheating
In the inspection of the battery case temperature it rises above 170 ℃.
6.2.3 Leak
In testing the battery electrolyte leakage, gas or other substance intended to form the non-design.
6.2.4 Quality Loss
Calculated as follows.
Where.
Table 3 limits the maximum mass loss
6.2.5 bleed
In the test, the battery by the features specifically designed to release the internal gas escape excessive pressure. Each gas may be coerced
Substances.
6.2.6 fire
Flame is sent in the subject cell assay.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
6.2.7 rupture
In the inspection, the container or due to damage of the battery cell housing, resulting in gas discharge, spillage or discharge of solids, but issued
An explosion.
6.2.8 Explosion
In the test, the cell derived from any part of the solid matter pierced metal mesh shown in FIG. 1. In the center of the battery plate, cover
Nets, the nets having a diameter of 0.25mm annealed aluminum wire woven mesh density per centimeter (6-7) root aluminum wire.
① --- octagonal aluminum mesh cover;
② --- steel.
1 a schematic view of the mesh cover of FIG.
6.3 Inspection and Requirements List
This section provides lithium battery safety test items under the expected use of the (test A to D) and reasonably foreseeable misuse
Safety inspection program in the case of (test E to M).
Table 4 and inspection requirements
Inspection Project Code Project Title Requirements
Intended use test
A simulated altitude no loss of quality, will not leak, bleed, not short-circuited, no cracking, no explosion, no fire
B thermal shock without loss of quality, will not leak, bleed, not short-circuited, no cracking, no explosion, no fire
C vibration no loss of quality, will not leak, bleed, not short-circuited, no cracking, no explosion, no fire
D shock no quality loss, no leakage, no venting, no short circuit, no rupture, no explosion, no fire
Reasonably foreseeable
Misuse inspection
E external short but hot, no rupture, no explosion, no fire
F heavy impact but hot, no explosion, no fire
G heat pressing, however, no explosion, no fire
H forced discharge No explosion, no fire
I Abnormal charging No explosion, no fire
J free fall does not bleed, no explosion, no fire
K Thermal abuse no explosion, no fire
L Incorrect installation no explosion, no fire
M overdischarge No explosion, no fire
Successively performed with the same test battery A to E. Test
Test F Test G and selected to make a two, determined by the manufacturer which is more suitable for a simulation test battery internal short-circuit the relevant type.
Note. The test results of the criteria detailed in 6.2.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
6.4 intended use test
6.4.1 Inspection A. Altitude Simulation
a) Objective
Simulation of air at low pressure environment.
b) Test Method
At ambient temperature, the test cell for at least 6h under a pressure of not greater than 11.6kPa.
c) Requirements
Battery test should be no quality loss, no leakage, no venting, no short circuit, no rupture, no explosion, no fire.
6.4.2 Inspection B. Thermal Shock
a) Objective
By temperature cycling method to evaluate the overall performance of the electrical connector and the sealing performance of the battery inside.
b) Test Method
6h subject battery is placed at least at 75 ℃ environment, at least 6h and then placed in an environment of -40 ℃. different
Temperature conversion time should not exceed 30min. After each 10 cycles of the subject cells, allowed to stand at ambient temperature for at least
24h.
Large battery storage time at a test temperature should be at least 12h instead 6h.
To carry out such a survey done by high-altitude test cell simulation.
10 is a graphical display of a loop cycle.
FIG thermal shock step 2
c) Requirements
Battery test should be no quality loss, no leakage, no venting, no short circuit, no rupture, no explosion, no fire.
6.4.3 Inspection C. Vibration
a) Objective
Analog vibration transport. Test conditions are based on the present ICAO [2] prescribed vibration range.
b) Test Method
But to be able to accurately transmit vibration manner without deformation of the battery cell subject firmly fixed to the vibrating equipment vibrating platform.
Specified in Table 5 of the subject battery of sinusoidal vibration. For each orientation on each of three mutually perpendicular orientations fixed
12 cycles, each bearing a total cycle time of 3h. One should be perpendicular to the orientation of the surface of the battery terminal.
Used batteries overheating impact test to do the test.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
Table 5 vibration waveform (sinusoidal)
Frequency Range
From to
Amplitude
Logarithmic sweep cycle time
(7Hz-200Hz-7Hz)
Axial cycles
15min
X 12
Y 12
Z 12
Total 36
Note. the vibration amplitude is the maximum absolute value of the displacement or acceleration. For example. displacement amplitude of 1.6mm 0.8mm equivalent peak - peak displacement.
Table.
Rao 1, 2 --- acceleration amplitude Rao
Ju --- displacement amplitude
c) Requirements
Battery test should be no quality loss, no leakage, no venting, no short circuit, no rupture, no explosion, no fire.
6.4.4 Inspection D. Impact
a) Objective
To simulate the transport of rough handling.
b) Test Method
Can be supported by a rigid support all subject cells will be measured battery fixing surface secured on the detection device. Each cell in the subject three
Mutually perpendicular orientation of each fixed orientation each subjected to three shocks, a total of 18 times. Parameters of the shocks are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 Impact parameters
Battery type waveform peak acceleration shock pulse duration times for each axle
The tests were done with a battery vibration test.
c) Requirements
Battery test should be no quality loss, no leakage, no venting, no short circuit, no rupture, no explosion, no fire.
6.5 reasonably foreseeable misuse tests
6.5.1 Inspection E. External short circuit
a) Objective
Simulated conditions result in external short circuit.
b) Test Method
After the temperature is stabilized in the housing of the subject cell or battery 55 ℃, at this temperature the battery is externally short-circuited, the external circuitry
The total resistance of less than 0.1Ω, continuous short circuit to the battery housing was continued down to a temperature of at least a short circuit after 1h 55 ℃.
Continue to observe the test sample 6h.
Done with a battery of tests performed in the impact test.
c) Requirements
Battery in the test and should not overheat during the observation period of 6h, no rupture, no explosion, no fire.
6.5.2 Inspection F. heavy impact
a) Objective
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
Simulation internal short circuit.
Note. In order to and the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Manual of Tests and Criteria" [17] in the transportation test coordination, GB 21966 already contains
A heavy impact test. IEC think the test will be described as misuse of test is more appropriate than a transport test. Heavy impact it can really simulate
The battery internal short circuit still unconfirmed. Certain types of cell, the test case squeeze more battery internal short-circuit simulation. because
Here, the test can be extruded as one method for simulating an internal short circuit test of the battery. Heavy impact extrusion and may optionally be a two tests.
b) Test Method
The subject of the battery cell or cells placed on a plate placed horizontally in the center of the sample as a diameter of 15.8mm steel bar,
So that a weight of 9.1kg ± height 61cm 2.5cm from falling on this steel bar.
Cylindrical or rectangular battery when subjected to heavy impact, which should be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the plate, while in the central position perpendicular to the sample
Opposing longitudinal axis of the bar. Rectangular battery also about its longitudinal axis 90 °, in order to ensure the wide and narrow sides are subjected to heavy impact. buckle
Battery when subjected to heavy impact, which should be a flat surface parallel to the plate, the bar is placed across the center of the battery.
Each cell of the subject or the cell only once subjected to heavy impact.
Continue to observe the test sample 6h.
Not done by carrying out the examination of the test cell or other cell.
When this test is not suitable for analog battery internal short-circuit, this test should not be performed.
c) Requirements
Battery in the test and should not overheat during the observation period of 6h, no explosion, no fire.
6.5.3 Inspection G. Extrusion
a) Objective
Simulation internal short circuit.
NOTE. For some types of batteries, the specific gravity was extruded impact test is more suitable for testing analog battery internal short-circuit, so that analog test cell
One alternative project internal short circuit.
b) Test Method
Vice or by a cylindrical piston having a hydraulic pressure is applied, so that the subject of the battery cell or cells in two planes
Between being squeezed. Start from the initial point of contact at a rate of about 1.5cm/s sustained was pressed until the pressing force reaches a large
About 13kN pressure relief immediately.
Example. Pressure may be generated by hydraulic cylinder piston diameter of 32mm, until a pressure of 17MPa (about 13kN).
For a cylindrical battery, the battery during extrusion should be parallel to the long axis of the pressing surface of the pressing means; for a rectangular battery, the pressing force to be applied
In a major axis perpendicular to the two batteries in the axial direction, next the other axial extrusion; for button cells, which are pressed flat.
Each cell or cell pressed only once.
Observation above the battery at least 6h.
Not done by carrying out the examination of the test cell or other cell.
Only when the test F. Not available when a load impacts internal analog battery short, before carrying out the examination.
c) Requirements
Battery in the test and should not overheat during the observation period of 6h, no explosion, no fire.
6.5.4 Test H. forced discharge
a) Objective
Evaluation of the ability of the forced discharge cell resistance.
b) Test Method
Cell connected to the 12V DC power source in series at ambient temperature to a predetermined maximum battery manufacturer for continuous discharge current
The forced discharge for the initial current.
A suitable size and power to the load resistance and the test cell and the DC power source in series to obtain a predetermined discharge current.
GB 8897.4-2008/IEC 60086-4.2007
Where.
Cr --- rated capacity of the battery;
Ii --- initial discharge current.
Carrying out the examination fully discharged battery.
At the end of the forced discharge, the battery was observ......
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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