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GB 45831-2025: Light sources for power-driven vehicles - Safety requirments---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB45831-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.20
CCS T 38
Light sources for power-driven vehicles - Safety
requirements
Issued on: MAY 30, 2025
Implemented on: JANUARY 01, 2026
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Type identification... 6
5 General requirements and test methods... 6
5.1 Marking... 6
5.2 Glass bulb or optical surface... 8
5.3 Lamp cap... 8
6 Filament light source requirements and test methods... 8
6.1 Aging... 8
6.2 Filament position and size... 9
6.3 Color... 9
6.4 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation... 9
6.5 Initial photoelectric performance... 10
6.6 Inspection of optical quality... 10
6.7 Standard filament light source... 11
7 Requirements and test methods for gas discharge light sources... 12
7.1 Aging... 12
7.2 Position and size of electrodes, arc and light shielding band... 12
7.3 Start-up, rising and thermal retrigger performance... 12
7.4 Electrical properties... 13
7.5 Luminous flux... 13
7.6 Color... 14
7.7 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation... 14
7.8 Standard gas discharge light source... 15
8 LED light source requirements and test conditions... 15
8.1 Aging... 15
8.2 Position and size of the luminous surface... 15
Light sources for power-driven vehicles - Safety
requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the same type determination, general requirements, filament
light source requirements, gas discharge light source requirements, LED light source
requirements and inspection rules for light sources for power-driven vehicles, and
describes the corresponding test methods.
This document applies to substitute light sources installed in road lighting and light
signaling devices of categories M, N, O and L power-driven vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this
document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the
edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 4599, Road illumination devices and systems for motor vehicles
GB 4785, Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling
devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 26178-2010, The measurement of luminous flux
GB/T 45603-2025, Specification of categories of light sources for power-driven
vehicles
IEC 60061-1, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety - Part 1.Lamp caps
IEC60061-2, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety - Part 2.Holders
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB 4785 and
GB/T 45603-2025 as well as the following apply.
3.1
category of light sources
Standardized naming based on standardized light source design features.
Note. Each light source type has a prescribed name, such as. H4, P21W, T4W,
PY21W, RR10W, D2S, LW2, LY3 and LR1.
3.2
LED substitute light source
LED light source type having a paired filament light source type, which is provided
with a lamp cap having a different lamp cap positioning key structure from that of the
corresponding filament light source type.
4 Type identification
Light sources that do not differ in the following main aspects are of the same type.
-- Light source type.
-- Manufacturer.
-- Glass bulb design and/or lamp cap of filament light sources and gas discharge
light sources, and structure of LED light sources. For filament light sources
and gas discharge light sources, the selective yellow glass bulb or the
additional selective yellow outer glass bulb is only used to change the color
of the emitted light without changing other characteristics and does not
constitute a change in the type of light source.
-- Nominal voltage.
-- Type of filament light sources (ordinary filament light sources and halogen
filament light sources).
5 General requirements and test methods
5.1 Marking
5.1.1 Filament light source marking
The filament light source shall be marked with the following symbols on its lamp cap
or glass bulb (if the symbol is marked on the glass bulb, it shall not have an adverse
effect on its optical performance).
-- Trademark of the manufacturer or seller.
5.1.4 Inspection method of marking
The markings in 5.1.1 ~ 5.1.3 shall be clear and durable, and shall be inspected by the
following methods.
-- The markings are clear and can be visually inspected;
-- To test the durability of the marking, use a soft cloth dampened with water to
wipe the marked area on the unburned light source with for 15 seconds. After
the test, determine whether the marking is still clear.
5.2 Glass bulb or optical surface
For light source glass bulb or optical surface of the LED light source, there shall be no
scratches or spots that may affect its efficiency and optical performance by visual
inspection.
For filament light sources with coated glass bulbs, after aging according to 6.1, the glass
bulb surface shall be gently wiped with a cotton cloth soaked in a mixed solution of 70%
heptane and 30% toluene by volume. After 5 minutes, visually inspect the glass bulb
surface, and there shall be no obvious changes.
For gas discharge light sources with colored (outer) glass bulbs, after working for 15
hours at the test voltage, the surface of the glass bulb shall be gently wiped with a cotton
cloth soaked in a mixed solution of 70% heptane and 30% toluene by volume. After 5
minutes, visually inspect the glass bulb surface, and there shall be no obvious changes.
5.3 Lamp cap
5.3.1 The light source shall be equipped with a lamp cap as specified in GB/T 45603-
2025 and comply with the provisions of the corresponding lamp cap data sheet in IEC
60061-1.
5.3.2 The lamp cap shall be subjected to visual inspection and dimensional inspection
and may be inserted into a lamp holder complying with IEC 60061-2 for trial
installation test.
5.3.3 The lamp cap shall be firmly fixed on the light source glass bulb or the bracket of
the LED light source.
6 Filament light source requirements and test methods
6.1 Aging
The filament light source shall first be aged at the test voltage for 1 hour. For double-
filament filament light sources, each filament shall be aged separately. For filament
light sources specified for more than one test voltage, the highest test voltage shall be
used for aging. The tests in 6.2 ~ 6.6 shall be carried out after the filament light source
has been aged.
6.2 Filament position and size
6.2.1 The geometric shape, position and size of the filament shall comply with the
provisions of filament light source data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.
6.2.2 The position and size of the filament shall be measured according to the method
in Appendix A, unless otherwise specified in the filament light source data sheet in
GB/T 45603-2025.
6.2.3 When measuring the position and size of the filament, the filament light source
shall be ignited at 90% ~ 100% of the test voltage. For filament light sources with
multiple test voltages specified, the highest test voltage value shall be used to measure
the position and size of the filament.
6.3 Color
6.3.1 The color of light emitted by a filament light source shall be white, unless
otherwise specified in GB/T 45603-2025.
6.3.2 The chromaticity range of the emitted light shall comply with the provisions of
GB 4785.
6.3.3 The color of the emitted light shall be measured according to the method in
Appendix B. Each measured value shall be within the specified chromaticity range (for
the consistency requirements of checking amber and red products, at least 80% of the
measurement points shall be within the specified chromaticity range). Furthermore, for
filament light sources emitting white light, the deviation of the measured value from a
chosen point on the Planckian locus shall not exceed 0.020 in the x and/or y direction.
6.3.4 Colored filament light sources used in optical signal devices shall be subjected to
color durability tests in accordance with the provisions of Appendix C. After the test,
the color of the light shall be measured according to the method specified in Appendix
B. For amber or red light sources, at least 80% of the measurement results at all
measurement points shall be within the specified chromaticity range. For color filter
coatings, cracks shall not be visible without the use of specialized optical tools.
6.4 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Halogen filament light sources shall comply with UV radiation component
requirements.
The UV radiation component of the halogen filament light source is calculated
according to Formula (1) and Formula (2).
7 Requirements and test methods for gas discharge light
sources
7.1 Aging
The aging of gas discharge light source shall be carried out in accordance with D.4 in
Appendix D.
7.2 Position and size of electrodes, arc and light shielding band
7.2.1 The position and size of the electrodes shall be measured before aging. The gas
discharge light source shall not be lit during the test. Optical methods shall be used to
measure through the glass bulb. The measurement results shall comply with the
provisions of the data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.
7.2.2 The position and shape of the arc shall be measured after aging. During the
measurement, the gas discharge light source shall be lit at the test voltage using a ballast,
or the gas discharge light source with an integrated ballast shall be lit at the test voltage.
The measurement results shall comply with the provisions of the data sheet in GB/T
45603-2025.
7.2.3 The position, size and transmittance of the light shielding band shall be measured
after aging. During the measurement, the gas discharge light source shall be lit at the
test voltage using a ballast, or the gas discharge light source with an integrated ballast
shall be lit at the test voltage. The measurement results shall comply with the provisions
of the data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.
7.3 Start-up, rising and thermal retrigger performance
7.3.1 Startup
When testing in accordance with D.6 of Appendix D, the gas discharge light source
shall be started directly and remain lit.
7.3.2 Rising
7.3.2.1 General
When conducting tests 7.3.2.2 ~ 7.3.2.5 according to D.7 in Appendix D, the target
luminous flux shall comply with the provisions of the data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.
7.3.2.2 Gas discharge light sources with a target luminous flux exceeding 2 000 lm
During the test, after 1 s the gas discharge light source shall emit at least 25% of the
target luminous flux; after 4 s it shall emit at least 80% of the target luminous flux.
7.3.2.3 Gas discharge light sources with a target luminous flux not exceeding 2 000
lm and without a light shielding band
During the test, after 1 s the gas discharge light source shall emit a luminous flux of at
least 800 lm; after 4 s it shall emit a luminous flux of at least 1 000 lm.
7.3.2.4 Gas discharge light sources with a target luminous flux not exceeding 2 000
lm and a light shielding band
During the test, after 1 s the gas discharge light source shall emit a luminous flux of at
least 700 lm; after 4 s it shall emit a luminous flux of at least 900 lm.
7.3.2.5 Gas discharge light sources with multiple target luminous fluxes, at least
one of which does not exceed 2 000 lm
During the test, after 1 s the gas discharge light source shall emit a luminous flux of at
least 800 lm; after 4 s it shall emit a luminous flux of at least 1 000 lm.
7.3.3 Thermal retrigger
When tested in accordance with the provisions of D.8 in Appendix D, the gas discharge
light source shall be restarted directly after being turned off for the time specified in the
data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.After 1 s, the gas discharge light source shall reach at
least 80% of the target luminous flux.
7.4 Electrical properties
When tested in accordance with D.9 in Appendix D, the voltage and power of the gas
discharge light source shall be within the limits specified in GB/T 45603-2025.
7.5 Luminous flux
When measured in accordance with the provisions of D.9 in Appendix D, the luminous
flux shall be within the limits specified in GB/T 45603-2025.For the same type of white
and selective yellow light sources, the target value applies to the gas discharge light
source emitting white light, while the luminous flux of the gas discharge light source
emitting selective yellow light shall be at least 68% of the target value.
8 LED light source requirements and test conditions
8.1 Aging
The LED light source shall first be aged at the test voltage for at least 48 hours. For
multifunctional LED light sources, each function shall be aged separately. The tests in
8.2 ~ 8.6 and 8.8 ~ 8.10 shall be carried out after the LED light source has been aged.
8.2 Position and size of the luminous surface
The position and size of the luminous surface shall comply with the requirements of the
data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.
8.3 Luminous flux
When measured under the conditions specified in Appendix E, the luminous flux shall
comply with the requirements of the data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025.
8.4 Normalized light intensity distribution/cumulative luminous flux distribution
When measured in accordance with Appendix E, the normalized light intensity
distribution or cumulative luminous flux shall be within the limits of the data sheet in
GB/T 45603-2025.
8.5 Color
8.5.1 The color of the emitted light shall be measured according to the method specified
in Appendix E. The integral value of the measured chromaticity coordinates shall be
within the required chromaticity range. The color of the light emitted by the LED light
source shall comply with the provisions of the data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025, and the
chromaticity range shall comply with the provisions in GB 4785.
8.5.2 For LED light sources that emit white light and are used in front lighting devices,
the color of the light shall be measured in the direction of the light intensity distribution
specified in the data sheet in GB/T 45603-2025, but only in the direction where the
specified minimum normalized light intensity exceeds 50 cd/klm. The deviation value
of each chromaticity coordinate is 0.025 in the x direction and 0.050 in the y direction.
The measured values in the direction of maximum lighting intensity and all measured
values for the standard LED light source shall also be within the required white light
chromaticity area.
8.5.3 For LED light sources emitting white light, the red light component requirements
shall be met and the red light component shall be calculated according to Formula (5).
Where.
kred – red light component;
Ee(λ) – spectral distribution of radiant flux, in watts per nanometer (W/nm);
V(λ) – spectral luminous efficiency;
λ – wavelength, in nanometers (nm), which shall be calculated in steps of 1 nm.
8.6 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
LED light sources shall meet the requirements of low UV radiation light sources. For
low UV radiation light sources, calculate according to Formula (6).
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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