GB 44263-2024 PDF English
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Safety requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging system
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GB 44263-2024: PDF in English GB 44263-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.99
CCS T 35
Safety requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging
system
ISSUED ON. JULY 24, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. AUGUST 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations... 8
5 General requirements... 8
6 Charging interface safety... 9
7 AC charging safety... 10
8 DC charging safety... 13
9 Test methods... 19
10 Implementation of the standard... 37
Appendix A (Normative) DC charging control pilot circuit for GB/T 20234.3... 38
Safety requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging
system
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for the overall safety, charging interface
safety, AC charging safety, DC charging safety of electric vehicle conductive charging
systems; describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to electric vehicle AC charging systems and electric vehicle
DC charging systems, whose rated voltage on the power grid side does not exceed 1000
V (AC) or 1500 V (DC), and the rated maximum voltage on the electric vehicle side
does not exceed 1000 V (AC) or 1500 V (DC). It is also applicable to the safety
requirements for charging in electric vehicle’s charging and discharging systems.
This document does not apply to.
- Safety requirements related to the maintenance of electric vehicle’s conductive
charging/charging and discharging systems;
- Automatic charging systems such as top contact charging systems.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document
through normative references in the text. For dated references, only the version
corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest
version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 1002 Single phase plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes
- Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1.
General requirements
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 11918.1-2014 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part
1.General requirements
GB/T 11918.2-2014 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part
2.Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for pin and
current shall not exceed 32 A (AC).
5.1.3 Equipment used in non-restricted places shall not use vehicle adapters that do not
comply with the provisions of the corresponding national standards.
5.2 Prerequisites for the implementation of this document
The prerequisite for the implementation of this document is that the power supply
equipment shall comply with the provisions of GB 39752 and the electric vehicle shall
comply with the provisions of GB 18384.
6 Charging interface safety
6.1 Charging interface protection level
The protection level of the charging interface against dangerous parts shall meet the
following requirements.
a) Connection method B or connection method C; when the vehicle plug is coupled
with the vehicle socket, the vehicle plug and the vehicle socket. IPXXD;
b) Mode 3, connection method A or connection method B; when the power plug is
coupled with the power socket, the power plug and the power socket. IPXXD.
6.2 Charging interface temperature protection function
6.2.1 AC charging interface temperature protection function
The AC charging interface has the following temperature protection functions.
- For the AC power supply equipment using connection method A or connection
method B, which has a maximum charging current greater than 16 A (AC), it shall
have the temperature protection function of the power socket.
- For the AC power supply equipment using three-phase AC charging and whose
maximum charging current is greater than 32 A (AC), it shall have the temperature
protection function of the vehicle plug.
- For the electric vehicles which have a maximum charging current of the on-board
charger greater than 16 A (AC), it shall have the temperature protection function of
the vehicle socket.
6.2.2 DC vehicle interface temperature protection function
The DC vehicle interface has the following temperature protection functions.
- The DC power supply equipment shall have the function of monitoring the vehicle
plug temperature. When the vehicle plug temperature is abnormal, the DC power
supply equipment shall reduce the charging power or trigger a fault shutdown.
- Electric vehicles shall have the temperature protection function of the vehicle
socket.
7 AC charging safety
7.1 System design safety
7.1.1 Control pilot circuit
The AC power supply system has a control pilot function.
- In mode 2, the control pilot circuits of the AC power supply equipment and electric
vehicles shall comply with the provisions of A.1.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- In mode 3, the control pilot circuits of the AC power supply equipment and electric
vehicles shall comply with the provisions of A.1.1 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.1.2 Charging cable current carrying capacity detection function
Electric vehicles shall have the ability to confirm the rated capacity of the charging
cable, by monitoring whether the resistance value between testing point 3 and PE
complies with Table A.5 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.The charging current in the energy
transmission stage shall not exceed the power supply capacity of the AC power supply
equipment and the current carrying value of the charging cable, whichever is smaller.
7.1.3 Equipment power supply capacity declaration function
The AC power supply equipment shall be able to inform the electric vehicle of the
current power supply capacity, by setting the PWM signal duty cycle. The relationship
between the duty cycle generated by the AC power supply equipment and the charging
current limit shall comply with the requirements of Table A.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.1.4 Interface locking function
During the energy transmission stage, when the charging current of the AC charging
system is greater than 16 A (AC), the power supply socket of the AC power supply
equipment (connection method A or connection method B) and the vehicle socket of
the electric vehicle (connection method B or connection method C) shall be reliably
locked.
7.1.5 Contact sticking detection function
The AC power supply equipment shall have a contactor (or similar device) sticking
detection function. When the following contact sticking occurs, the AC power supply
During the charging process, the AC power supply equipment shall have the ability to
determine the vehicle interface connection status by monitoring the voltage value of
testing point 1.
Before energy transmission, when a CP disconnection/grounding fault occurs, the AC
power supply equipment shall not be able to charge and comply with the provisions of
A.3.10.12 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
During the energy transmission stage, the following faults occur.
- When the electrical continuity of the protective grounding conductor is lost, the AC
charging equipment shall stop charging and comply with the provisions of A.3.10.6
in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- When the CP is disconnected/grounded, the AC charging equipment shall stop
charging and comply with the provisions of A.3.10.5 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- When the vehicle switch S2 is disconnected (the voltage value of testing point 1 is
9 V), the AC charging equipment shall stop charging and comply with the
provisions of A.3.10.11 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.2.4 Vehicle side CP circuit abnormality protection
During the energy transmission stage, the electric vehicle shall be able to periodically
monitor the PWM signal of testing point 2, to determine the connection status of the
vehicle interface. When the PWM signal is interrupted, the electric vehicle shall stop
charging and comply with the provisions of A.3.10.4 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.2.5 Power supply network power failure protection
During the energy transmission stage, within 1 s after the power supply network is
powered off, the voltage value measured between the power lines of the output
terminals of the AC power supply equipment or between the power lines and the
protective grounding conductor shall be less than or equal to 30 V (AC) (effective value),
or the equivalent stored electrical energy shall be less than or equal to 0.2 J.
7.2.6 Output overcurrent protection
During the energy transmission stage, the AC power supply equipment shall
continuously detect the actual working current of the on-board charger, which shall not
exceed the maximum power supply current corresponding to the PWM signal of the
AC power supply equipment and the maximum carrying capacity of the power supply
equipment components (such as relays and cables). When an overcurrent fault occurs,
the AC charging equipment shall stop charging and comply with the provisions of
A.3.10.9 and A.3.10.10 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8 DC charging safety
8.1 System design safety
8.1.1 Control pilot circuit
The DC power supply system has control pilot functions.
- For DC charging systems using the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface, the control
pilot circuits of electric vehicles and DC power supply equipment shall comply
with the provisions of Appendix A or B.2 and B.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- For DC charging systems using the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, the control
pilot circuits of electric vehicles and DC power supply equipment shall comply
with the provisions of C.2 and C.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.1.2 Short-circuit protection function
Electric vehicles and DC power supply equipment shall have short-circuit protection
function for the DC power supply circuit. When a short-circuit fault is detected in the
DC circuit, the DC power supply equipment shall trigger a fault shutdown and issue an
alarm signal.
8.1.3 Capacitive coupling
For DC power supply equipment with a rated output voltage not exceeding 500 V (DC),
the total capacitance between the DC output positive and negative poles and the ground
of each charging interface shall not be greater than 0.5 μF.
For DC power supply equipment with a rated output voltage greater than 500 V (DC),
one of the following conditions shall be met.
- During the energy transmission stage, the energy stored in the total capacitance
between the DC positive and negative poles connected to the power battery of the
DC power supply equipment and the ground, at its maximum operating voltage,
shall not be greater than 0.2 J.
- The output circuit of the DC power supply equipment adopts double insulation or
reinforced insulation measures.
8.1.4 Discharge circuit
The DC power supply equipment shall be equipped with a discharge circuit. During the
insulation self-test stage or when charging is terminated, the DC power supply
equipment shall discharge the charging output voltage in time. The selection of the
discharge circuit parameters shall ensure that the output voltage drops below 60 V (DC)
within 1 s after closing the discharge circuit switch.
charge.
- For a DC charging system using the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, from the start
of insulation self-check stage to the end of the energy transmission stage, the
electric vehicle shall keep the electronic lock reliably locked. When the electronic
lock is not reliably locked, the electric vehicle shall trigger a fault shutdown; before
the insulation self-check, when the electronic lock is not locked as expected, the
electric vehicle shall not be able to charge.
8.1.7 Contact sticking detection function of high-voltage DC contactor
The DC power supply equipment and electric vehicles shall have the sticking detection
function of the high-voltage DC contactor in the DC power supply circuit; meanwhile
comply with the provisions of 7.9 and C.7.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023 (DC charging
system using GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface).
8.1.8 Starting current limiting function
In the charging readiness stage (pre-charging), the DC power supply equipment shall
have the starting current limiting function, which shall comply with the provisions of
10.7.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.1.9 Fault protection function of thermal management system
The DC charging system with cooling charging connection device shall monitor the
working status of its thermal management system in real time. When the thermal
management system is detected to be abnormal (such as the speed of the heat exchange
device is too low), the DC power supply equipment shall actively limit the output
current to below the maximum working current of the non-cooling condition.
8.2 Charging abnormality protection
8.2.1 Communication timeout protection
During the charging process, when the communication message times out (including
communication line short circuit fault, circuit break fault, etc.), the electric vehicle and
the DC power supply equipment shall trigger a fault shutdown.
- For the DC charging system using the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the
control pilot circuit conforming to Appendix A, during the energy transmission
stage, the DC power supply equipment shall reduce the current to 5 A or less within
2 s and disconnect the contactors K1 and K2 when the output current is ≤ 200 A;
when the output current is > 200 A, the current shall be reduced to 5 A or less within
3 s and disconnect the contactors K1 and K2, the current drop rate shall be ≥ 100
A/s. Electric vehicles shall disconnect vehicle disconnect devices K5 and K6,
within 5 seconds. The charging system stops data exchange.
- DC charging systems, that use the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose
control pilot circuits comply with B.2 and B.3 in GB/T 18487.1-2023, comply with
the provisions of B.4.7.4 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- Charging systems, that use the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, comply with the
provisions of Table C.14 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.2.2 Vehicle-side CC1 circuit abnormality protection
For a DC charging system that uses a GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose control
pilot circuit complies with Appendix A, during the energy transmission stage, the
electric vehicle shall judge the connection status of the vehicle plug and the vehicle
socket by the voltage value of testing point 3 (CC1 circuit). When the vehicle interface
changes from fully connected to unreliable connection, the electric vehicle shall trigger
an emergency shutdown and disconnect the DC disconnect devices K5 and K6 within
300 ms.
For a charging system that uses a GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, during the energy
transmission stage, the electric vehicle shall judge the connection status of the vehicle
plug and the vehicle socket by the voltage value of testing point 2 (CC1 circuit). When
the vehicle interface changes from fully connected to unreliable connection (exceeding
the state D range specified in Table C.4 of GB/T 18487.1-2023), the electric vehicle
shall trigger an emergency shutdown and comply with the provisions of Table C.16 of
GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.2.3 Vehicle-side CC2 circuit abnormality protection
For charging systems that use the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose control
pilot circuits comply with B.2 and B.3 in GB/T 18487.1-2023, during the energy
transmission stage, the electric vehicle shall use the voltage value of testing point 2
(CC2 circuit), to determine the connection status of the vehicle plug and the vehicle
socket. When the vehicle interface changes from fully connected to unreliable
connection (outside the voltage range customized by the vehicle manufacturer), the
electric vehicle shall trigger an emergency shutdown.
8.2.4 Equipment-side CC1 circuit abnormality protection
During the charging process, the DC power supply equipment shall use the voltage
value of testing point 1 (CC1 circuit), to judge the connection status of the vehicle plug
and the vehicle socket. Unreliable connection situations include but are not limited to
the switch S changing from closed to open (only for charging systems using the GB/T
20234.3 vehicle interface), the vehicle interface changing from fully connected to
disconnected, the loss of electrical continuity of the protective grounding conductor.
Before energy transmission, when the vehicle interface changes from fully connected
to unreliable connection (exceeding the U1d voltage range specified in Table A.1, the
value of the vehicle interface in the communication message is > 5% or it is not within
the normal charging range of the DC power supply equipment), it shall trigger a fault
shutdown and issue an alarm message. The vehicle interface voltage shall drop below
60 V (DC) before the electronic lock is unlocked.
- For DC charging systems using the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the control
pilot circuit complying with Appendix A, when a fault is detected, the DC power
supply equipment shall trigger a fault shutdown and disconnect contactors K1 and
K2 within 2 s.
- Charging systems, that use the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose control
pilot circuits comply with B.2 and B.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023, shall comply with
the provisions of B.4.7.8 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- Charging systems. that use the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface. shall comply with
the provisions of Table C.14 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.2.7 Output overvoltage protection
During the energy transmission stage, when the DC power supply device detects that
the charging voltage at the vehicle interface exceeds the maximum allowable total
charging voltage of the vehicle, it shall trigger a fault shutdown or emergency shutdown;
issue an alarm message. The vehicle interface voltage shall drop below 60 V (DC)
before the electronic lock is unlocked.
- For a DC charging system that uses the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose
control pilot circuit complies with Appendix A, during the energy transmission
stage, the voltage outside the current contactors K1 and K2 is greater than the
maximum output voltage of the DC power supply device for more than 400 ms, the
fault detection time is no more than 1 s; after the fault shutdown is triggered, the
DC power supply device shall reduce the current to 5 A or less within 2 s and
disconnect the contactors K1 and K2, when the output current is ≤ 200 A; when the
output current is > 200 A, the current shall be reduced to 5 A or less within 3 s and
disconnect the contactors K1 and K2, the current drop rate shall be ≥ 100 A/s.
- For a charging system that uses the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose
control pilot circuit complies with B.2 and B.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023, it shall
comply with the provisions of B.4.7.6 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- Charging systems using the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface shall comply with the
provisions of C.7.6.3 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.2.8 Output overcurrent protection
During the energy transmission stage, when the DC power supply device detects that
the charging current at the vehicle interface exceeds the required value, it shall trigger
a fault shutdown or emergency shutdown; issue an alarm message. The vehicle interface
The control pilot circuit in the DC power supply equipment test system shall comply
with A.1 (DC charging system using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the control
pilot circuit complies with Appendix A) or B.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023 (charging system
using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the control pilot circuit complies with B.2
and B.3 in GB/T 18487.1-2023), C.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023 (charging system using
GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface). The test point requirements are as follows.
- Voltage value of testing point 1.Voltage value between vehicle interface CC1 and
PE.
- Voltage value of testing point 2 (charging system using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle
interface). Voltage value between vehicle interface CC2 and PE.
- Voltage value of testing point 3 (charging system using GB/T 20234.4 vehicle
interface). Voltage value between vehicle interface CC2 and PE.
- Contactor C1 and C2 status. Check the change of voltage between vehicle plug
DC+ and DC- or contactor feedback signal or contactor status message, to judge
the opening and closing status of C1 and C2.
- Switch S1 status (charging system using GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, DC
charging system using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and control pilot circuit in
accordance with Appendix A). Charging ready/emergency stop switch on vehicle
interface CC1 circuit; judge the switch status by the voltage value of testing point
1.
- Auxiliary power circuit contactor status (charging system using GB/T 20234.3
vehicle interface). Check the change of voltage between vehicle plug A+ and A- or
contactor feedback signal, to judge the opening and closing status of auxiliary
power circuit contactor.
- Charging status. Check whether the DC power supply equipment allows charging
or charges normally; measure the current charging voltage and current values and
record the change process.
- Communication status. Check whether the communication message complies with
the provisions of the corresponding system in GB/T 27930-2023 or the
corresponding communication protocol in Appendix A.
- Locking status (using a charging system that complies with the vehicle interface of
GB/T 20234.3). Check the mechanical locking status and the electronic locking
status. By checking the voltage value of testing point 1 and applying the external
pull-out force specified in 6.3.4.8 of GB/T 20234.1-2023, judge the effectiveness
of the mechanical locking device. By checking the change of the electronic lock
feedback signal and whether the mechanical lock can be operated, judge the
interlocking effect of the electronic locking device on the mechanical locking
The control pilot circuit in the electric vehicle DC charging test system shall comply
with A.1 (DC charging system using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the control
pilot circuit complies with Appendix A) or GB/T 18487.1-2023 B.2 (charging system
using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the control pilot circuit complies with B.2
and B.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023), GB/T 18487.1-2023 C.2 (charging system using GB/T
20234.4 vehicle interface). The test point requirements are as follows.
- Voltage value of testing point 1.Voltage value between vehicle interface CC1 and
PE.
- Voltage value of testing point 2 (charging system using GB/T 20234.3 vehicle
interface). Voltage value between vehicle interface CC2 and PE.
- Voltage value of testing point 3 (charging system using GB/T 20234.4 vehicle
interface). Voltage value between vehicle interface CC2 and PE.
- Vehicle disconnect device C5 and C6 status. Measure the voltage change between
vehicle socket DC+ and DC- or contactor feedback signal change or contactor
status message; judge the opening and closing status of contactors C5 and C6.
- Charging status. Check the charging status of the electric vehicle; if it is in charging
status, measure the current charging voltage and current value.
- Communication status. Check whether the communication message complies with
the corresponding system in GB/T 27930-2023 or the corresponding
communication protocol in Appendix A.
- Electronic lock locking status (using charging system that complies with GB/T
20234.4 vehicle interface). Apply the external pull-out force specified in 6.3.4.8 of
GB/T 20234.1-2023; check whether the vehicle plug can be pulled out; judge
whether the electronic locking device of the vehicle socket is locked.
- Unlocking conditions (using a charging system that complies with the vehicle
interface of GB/T 20234.4). Check whether the charging interface voltage drops
below 60 V (DC) when the vehicle socket electronic lock is unlocked.
9.4 Charging interface safety test
9.4.1 Charging interface protection level test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in Chapter 15 of
GB/T 4208-2017.
9.4.2 Charging interface temperature protection function test
9.4.2.1 AC charging interface temperature protection function test
The temperature protection function of the AC charging interface shall be tested as
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Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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