GB 24159-2009 (GB/T 24159-2022 Newer Version) PDF English
GB 24159-2009 (GB24159-2009) PDF English
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Welded insulated cylinders
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[GB/T 24159-2009] Welded insulated cylinders
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Newer version: GB/T 24159-2022 Standards related to (historical): GB/T 24159-2022
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GB 24159-2009: PDF in English GB/T 24159-2009 (Renamed from GB 24159-2009)
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 23.020.30
J 74
GB 24159-2009
Welded Insulated Cylinders
焊接绝热气瓶
ISSUED ON: JUNE 25, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01 2010
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms, Definitions and Symbols ... 5
4 Types and Basic Parameters... 9
5 Materials ... 11
6 Design ... 13
7 Manufacturing ... 16
8 Test Methods ... 25
9 Inspection Rules ... 29
10 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage ... 32
11 Maintenance ... 33
Appendix A (Normative) Design and Calculation of Safety Relief Capacity . 34
Appendix B (Informative) Test Method of Air Supply ... 37
Appendix C (Informative) Product Certificate ... 39
Appendix D (Informative) Lot Inspection Quality Certificate ... 41
Bibliography ... 43
Welded Insulated Cylinders
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definitions and symbols, types and basic parameters,
materials, design, manufacturing, test methods, inspection rules as well as marking,
packaging, transportation and storage requirements of welded gas cylinders
(hereinafter referred to as cylinders).
This standard is applicable to vertical cylinders, with the storage medium of liquid
oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide cryogenic liquid,
design temperature no less than -196℃, nominal volume of 10L~450L and service
pressure of 0.2MPa~3.5MPa respectively, that are used under normal ambient
temperature (-40℃~60℃) and may be filled repeatedly.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this
standard, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to (excluding corrigenda), or revisions of, any of these publications do
not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this standard are
encouraged to study whether the latest editions of these documents apply. For undated
references, the latest editions of the normative document apply.
GB 150 Steel Pressure Vessels
GB/T 228 Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature (GB/T 228-2002,
eqv ISO 6892: 1998)
GB/T 229 Metallic Materials - Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method (GB/T 229-2007,
ISO 148-1: 2006, MOD)
GB/T 1804 General tolerances - Tolerances for Linear and Angular Dimensions without
Individual Tolerance Indications (GB/T 1804-2000, eqv ISO 2768-1:1989)
GB/T 2653 Methods of Bend and Compression Tests for Welded Joint (GB/T 2653-
2008, ISO 5173: 2000, IDT)
GB/T 3280 Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Plate Sheet and Strip
GB/T 4237 Hot Rolled Stainless Steel Plate Sheet and Strip
GB 7144 Coloured Cylinder Mark for Gases
6.4.5 Braze welding and threaded connection are only allowed to be used for joints
that are indirectly connected to the inner containment vessel.
6.5 Accessories
6.5.1 Safety accessories
6.5.1.1 The inner containment vessel of the cylinder shall be arranged with safety
accessories such as safety valve, bursting disc and pressure gauge and they shall be
directly connected to the inner containment vessel.
6.5.1.2 The selected safety accessories shall meet requirements of relevant
standards and product safety shall be guaranteed through relevant type test.
6.5.1.3 The relief capacity of the safety valve and bursting disc shall meet
requirements of the safety relief capacity. The calculation of the safety relief capacity
is detailed in Appendix A. The opening pressure of the safety valve is less than or equal
to 1.2 times of the service pressure while the burst pressure of the bursting disc is less
than or equal to twice the service pressure.
6.5.1.4 No-oil pressure gauge shall be adopted for the pressure gauge with the
measuring range of (1.5~3) times service pressure and the precision less than Grade
2.5.
6.5.1.5 The cylinder shall be equipped with valves and level gauge that meet
operation requirements such as filling, output and discharge of cryogenic liquid. The
sealing member used for the valve and level gauge components shall be compatible
with the filled media.
6.5.2 Other accessories
6.5.2.1 Structure design and arrangement of the accessories shall be convenient for
operation and weld inspection. The connection weld of the accessories and cylinder
shall be kept clear from the longitudinal and circumferential welds of the cylinder.
Structural shape of the accessories and the connection to the cylinder shall avoid
accumulated liquid.
6.5.2.2 The base shall guarantee the stability of the cylinder while it is erected.
6.5.2.3 Where the total mass after the cylinder is filled with media is greater than
40kg, accessories shall be considered to be hoisted.
6.5.2.4 Protection devices such as cylinder valve, pipeline and safety accessories
shall be considered so as to avoid damage.
7 Manufacturing
7.1 Lot grouping
Cylinders are manufactured according to the lot grouping of the inner containment
vessels and product lot grouping is carried out on the basis of lot grouping for the inner
containment vessels, namely one lot grouping of the inner containment vessels is
permissible to be grouped into several product lots.
7.2 Welding procedure qualification
7.2.1 Where the manufacturing unit of the cylinders changes inner containment
vessel materials, welding materials, welding procedure and welding equipment,
welding procedure qualification shall be carried out before they are put into production.
The welding procedure qualification shall meet not only requirements of this standard,
but also requirements of JB 4708.
7.2.2 Welding procedure qualification may be carried out either on the test plate for
welding procedure qualification or on the inner containment vessel cylinder. The weld
for welding procedure qualification shall be able to represent the principal weld
(longitudinal, circumferential and fillet welds) of the inner containment vessel.
7.2.3 Test plate for welding procedure qualification shall be free from defects such as
undercut, crack, surface gas cavity, welding slag, pit and weld beading after
appearance inspection. The test plate weld shall be subject to 100% radiography
inspection and the inspection results shall meet Grade II requirements of JB/T 4730.2.
7.2.4 Specimen quantity of welded joints for welding procedure qualification is
specified as follows: 2 tensile specimens, 4 transverse bend specimens (two for
surface and back bending respectively) and 6 low-temperature impact specimens
under minimum application temperature of the inner containment vessel material
(three for welds and heat-affected zone respectively).
7.2.5 Where the thickness of inner containment vessel material is greater than or
equal to 2.5mm, the low temperature impact test under minimum application
temperature shall be carried out; where the thickness is less than 2.5mm, the test may
be omitted.
7.2.6 Test result requirements of welding procedure qualification are as follows:
a) No matter where the fracture of the welded joint specimen occurs, the
measured tensile strength shall be greater than or equal to the lower limit of
standard specified value for the inner containment vessel material.
b) The impact value of the low temperature impact specimen for the welded joints
7.7.2 Welding for longitudinal and circumferential welds of the cylinder shall adopt
automatic gas-shielded arc welding, and the welding shall be carried out in strict
accordance with the qualified welding procedure.
7.7.3 Shape and size of welding groove shall meet those specified in the drawing.
The groove surface shall be smooth and clean, and free from any cracks, layers and
occluded foreign substances.
7.7.4 The welding (including repair of weld) shall be carried out in special site indoors,
and the welding site shall be maintained clean and dry; the ground shall be paved with
rubber or wooden sub-plate. The spare parts shall be placed on shelves paved with
wood board.
7.7.5 Welding of cylinder shall be carried out indoor with relative humidity no greater
than 90% and temperature greater than or equal to 0℃.
7.7.6 During welding, arc ignition shall not be carried out on non-welding places of
cylinder. The longitudinal weld shall be provided with run-on plate and arc blowout
plate. Cut off method shall be adopted during removing of run-on plate and arc blowout
plate. The application of knock method is prohibited strictly; moreover, the place of
cutting off shall be rubbed down.
7.8 Weld appearance
7.8.1 Reinforcement for butt weld of inner containment vessel is between
0mm~1.5mm, and the difference between the widest place and narrowest place of the
same weld is not greater than 3mm.
7.8.2 Geometrical shape of fillet shall transit smoothly to that of the base material.
7.8.3 Weld on cylinder shall be free from undercut and incomplete penetration; weld
and heat-affected zone surface shall be free from any crack, gas hole, hollowness and
irregular mutation; splashes on both sides of the weld shall be cleaned up.
7.9 Non-destructive testing
7.9.1 Non-destructive testing shall be carried out according to the requirements for
longitudinal and circumferential joints of inner containment vessel after they are
qualified through appearance inspection. Personnel with "personnel certificate for
inspection and testing of special equipment" of corresponding testing method shall
undertake the non-destructive testing non-destructive testing of cylinder.
7.9.2 100% radiography testing shall be carried out for longitudinal and
circumferential welds of inner containment vessel according to JB/T 4730.2. Weld
defect grade is higher than or equal to Grade II, and quality of radiograph is Grade AB.
7.10 Weld repairing
7.10.1 Weld repairing shall be carried out according to repair process, by personnel
with qualification specified in Article 7.7.1, appearance inspection and non-destructive
testing shall be carried out over again for repair positions according to Sections 7.8
and 7.9.
7.10.2 Repairing time for the position of weld of inner containment vessel should not
exceed 2, otherwise the repair shall be approved by technical director of the
manufacturing unit in advance.
7.10.3 The repairing times and position shall be recorded in the manufacture and
inspection record of product; moreover, they shall be indicated in the product certificate.
7.11 Surface quality and cleanness
7.11.1 Internal and external surfaces of inner containment vessel and outer shell
shall be smooth and free from cracks, double-skin and scratched; otherwise grinding
shall be carried out. The grinding position shall be round, smooth and clean; moreover,
the wall thickness shall be in accordance with the requirements of Article 6.2.2.
7.11.2 Degreasing treatment shall be carried out for internal and external surfaces of
inner containment vessel and all the spare parts having contact with medium, the
relevant requirements in JB/T 6896 shall be met, and moreover, well protection
measures shall be adopted.
7.11.3 Surface and spare parts under vacuum conditions shall be clean and dry, and
free from oil stain and dust.
7.12 Volume and quality
7.12.1 Measured water volume in inner containment vessel of cylinder shall be
greater than or equal to its nominal capacity, and the measured volume may be
replaced with the theoretically calculated value; however, negative deviation shall be
avoided.
7.12.2 After manufacturing of cylinder is finished, net weight shall be determined one
by one.
7.13 Pressure test
7.13.1 Pressure test shall be carried out for inner containment vessel of cylinder one
by one after it is qualified through radiography testing, and hydraulic pressure or air
pressure shall be adopted in the test, moreover, the testing pressure is in accordance
with the requirements of Article 4.2.4. Medium of hydraulic test is clean water with
chloride ion content no greater than 25×10-6; and dry and oil-free air or nitrogen shall
over again after the weld is qualified after repairing; and then vacuum leak test will be
carried out as required after it is qualified in pressure test.
7.17 Vacuum
After the cylinder is filled with liquid nitrogen, vacuum degree of the interspace is
greater than or equal to 2×10-2Pa.
7.18 Tightness test of pipeline
After valve and safety accessories of the cylinder are assembled, tightness test of
pipeline shall be carried out by using dry and oil-free pure air or nitrogen. The test
pressure is the service pressure and the pressure holding duration is greater than or
equal to 1min. Valve, joint and safety accessories shall be free from any leakage.
7.19 Maximum filling capacity
The maximum filling capacity of the cylinder shall be indicated in the design
drawing and the technical documents provided for the user.
8 Test Methods
8.1 Reinspection of materials
Reinspection on chemical compositions and mechanical property of stainless steel of
cylinder shall be carried out according to the methods specified in its material standard
for sampling analysis and test.
8.2 Mechanical property test of template for welding procedure qualification
8.2.1 According to requirements in Article 7.2.2, where the rough specimen is taken
from the template (refer to Figure 6 for its size) for welding procedure qualification,
removed parts on both ends of it shall be greater than or equal to 50mm, rough
specimen is generally taken by machining method. In thermal cutting, the heat-affected
zone shall be removed. Where rough specimen is taken from inner containment vessel
by thermal cutting (refer to Figure 7 for the taken parts), heat-affected zone must not
be remained in the specimen.
8.2.2 Quantity of welded joint specimen for welding procedure qualification is
determined according to the requirements of Article 7.2.4.
8.2.3 Machining shall be carried out in front and back of the weld in specimen to
make it level to base material; cold compression method shall be carried out for jaggy
specimen to make it flatten.
8.2.4 Specimen preparation and test methods
thickness less than 3.2mm and meet the requirements of Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3,
the carbon content of test plate material must not be lower than 0.05%. This furnace
number of test plate may be different from furnace number of inner containment vessel
in the same lot, but the same welding procedure and same heat treatment shall be
adopted.
8.3 Non-destructive inspection of weld
Non-destructive inspection on longitudinal and circumferential weld of inner
containment vessel is carried out according to JB/T 4730.2.
8.4 Mechanical property test of welded joint
8.4.1 The welded joint specimen is taken from inner containment vessel: one tensile
force specimen, one horizontal surface bending specimen and one back bending
specimen are taken respectively from longitudinal weld as well as three low
temperature impact specimens (the notch is in weld center). If circumferential weld and
longitudinal weld are made by different welding methods (or welding procedures),
same quantity of specimen shall also be taken from circumferential weld, taking parts
of test plate and rough specimen see Figure 7.
8.4.2 Welded joint specimen is taken from product weld test plate: one piece of
tensile specimen, one horizontal surface bending specimen and one back bending
specimen, three pieces of impact specimens (notch is in weld center), taking parts of
rough specimen are detailed in Figure 6.
8.4.3 Rough specimen taking method from inner containment vessel of cylinder or
product weld test plate shall meet the requirements of Article 8.2.1.
8.4.4 Processing of welded joint specimen shall meet the requirements of Article
8.2.3.
8.4.5 Preparation and test methods of welded joint specimen
Tensile force of welded joint as well as the preparation of bending specimen and impact
specimen and its test shall be carried out according to the requirements of Article 8.2.4.
8.5 Pressure test of inner containment vessel
Hydraulic test of inner containment vessel is carried out according to requirements in
GB/T 9251, the pressure boosting procedure of pneumatic testing shall be carried out
by reference to "Technologic Supervision Regulations On Safety Of Pressure Vessels".
8.6 Tightness test of pipeline
Tightness test of pipeline shall be carried out according to GB/T 12137; the test
medium shall be dry, clean and oil-free air or nitrogen.
8.13 Leak and outgassing rate test
Test method of leak and outgassing rate is in accordance with those specified in GB/T
18443.4.
8.14 Static evaporation rate test
Test of static evaporation rate is carried out according to the requirements of GB/T
18443.5.
8.15 Air supply test
Air supply may be tested according to Appendix B.
9 Inspection Rules
9.1 Material inspection
9.1.1 As for the material of inner containment vessel, the manufacturing unit shall, in
accordance with methods specified in Section 8.1, carry out verification analysis for its
chemical composition according to the furnace No. and verification test for its
mechanical property according to the lot No.
9.1.2 As for the material of inner containment vessel, the reinspection results of its
chemical composition and mechanical property tests shall meet the requirements of
Sections 5.2 and 5.3. If any imported material is adopted, it shall meet the requirements
of Article 5.1.1.
9.2 Delivery inspection
9.2.1 One-by-one inspection
One-by-one inspection shall be carried out according to those specified in Table 7.
9.2.2 Lot inspection
9.2.2.1 Lotting and sampling rules
No more than 200 inner containment vessels are taken as one lot and 1 is sampled
from each lot to carry out mechanical property test for welded joints.
9.2.2.2 Inspection items of the cylinder lot shall be in accordance with those specified
in Table 7, thereinto, for the static evaporation rate test, no less than 3 from each lot
shall be sampled at random.
9.2.3 Reinspection rule
11 Maintenance
11.1 The property unit of the cylinder shall be responsible for the safety of the in-
service product. The property unit and the using unit shall correctly use according to
requirements of the operating instruction, regularly inspect the safety accessories such
as pressure gauge, safety valve, bursting disc and governor, and make good records.
11.2 During the operation, if the insulation property is degraded or abnormal
phenomena endangering the safety take place, proper measures shall be immediately
taken to lead the filled liquid medium out of the empty cylinder and stop using the
cylinder. Meanwhile, the local inspection unit or the manufacturing unit shall be
immediately informed to handle it.
11.3 If quality problems take place in the maintenance period of the manufacturing
unit, relevant maintenance unit shall be responsible for maintenance; if not, the
property unit, the using unit and the manufacturing unit shall settle them through
negotiation.
11.4 After the repairing, the repair unit shall make a permanent mark on the cylinder,
indicate the maintenance completion time and make good records on files.
11.5 Delivery documents
Before the delivery, at least one of the following documents shall be provided with:
a) Product Certificate, see Appendix C;
b) Lot Inspection Quality Certificate, see Appendix D;
c) Operating Instruction.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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