GB 18352.6-2016 PDF in English
GB 18352.6-2016 (GB18352.6-2016) PDF English
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Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles (CHINA 6)
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Standards related to (historical): GB 18352.6-2016
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GB 18352.6-2016: PDF in English GB 18352.6-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.040.50
Z 64
Replacing GB 18352.5-2013
Limits and measurement methods
for emissions from light-duty vehicles
(CHINA 6)
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 23, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 01, 2020
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 8
3 Terms and definitions ... 10
4 Pollution control requirements ... 17
5 Type inspection ... 18
6 Type inspection extension ... 29
7 Production consistency ... 35
8 In-use conformity ... 41
9 Implementation of standard ... 42
Appendix A (Normative) Type inspection material ... 44
Appendix B (Informative) Type inspection report format ... 74
Appendix C (Normative) Exhaust emission test after cold start at normal
temperature (type I test) ... 81
Appendix D (Normative) Actual running pollutant emission test (type II test)
... 272
Appendix E (Normative) Crankcase pollutant emission test (type III test) ... 354
Appendix F (Normative) Evaporative pollutant emission test (type IV test)
... 357
Appendix G (Normative) Pollution control device durability test (type V test)
... 384
Appendix H (Normative) Emission test of CO, THC and NOx in exhaust after
cold start at low temperature (type VI test) ... 404
Appendix I (Normative) Refueling pollutant emission test (type VII test) ... 411
Appendix J (Normative) Onboard diagnostic (OBD) system ... 435
Appendix K (Normative) Technical requirements for reference fuels ... 571
Appendix L (Normative) Special requirements for LPG or natural gas (NG)
fueled vehicles ... 575
Appendix M (Normative) Type inspection of alternative pollutant control device
for independent technical assembly ... 578
Appendix N (Normative) Production consistency assurance requirements .. 591
Appendix O (Normative) In-use conformity ... 594
Appendix P (Normative) Technical requirements for vehicles using reactants in
exhaust aftertreatment systems ... 608
Appendix Q (Normative) Emissions test procedures for vehicles with periodic
regeneration system ... 613
Appendix R (Normative) Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) test ... 619
Foreword
In order to implement the “Environmental Protection Law of the People's
Republic of China” and the “Law of the People's Republic of China on
Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution”, to prevent and control the
pollution of motor vehicles and improve the quality of the ambient air, this
standard is hereby formulated.
This standard specifies the requirements for the CHINA 6 type inspection
requirements, the consistency of production, and the inspection and
determination methods for conformity of emissions from light-duty vehicles.
Manufacturers are obliged to ensure that the vehicles they produce and sell
meet the requirements for in-use conformance of this standard.
Compared with GB 18352.5-2013 “Limits and measurement methods for
emissions from light-duty vehicles (CHINA 5)”, the main changes in this
standard include.
- CHANGE the type I test cycle, TIGHTEN the pollutant emission limits, ADD
the measurement requirements for the number of particulate emissions
from gasoline vehicles;
- DESIGNATE the real driving emission (RDE) test as type II test;
- TIGHTEN the Type VI test items and limits;
- REVISE technical requirements for monitoring items, thresholds and
monitoring conditions for on-board diagnostic systems;
- REVISE the relevant requirements for obtaining vehicle on-board
diagnostic systems and vehicle maintenance and repair information;
- REVISE the determination method of production consistency inspection
and the relevant requirements for the in-use conformance inspection;
- REVISE the technical requirements for test fuels;
- ADD requirements for control of pollutants in the refueling process;
- ADD test requirements for hybrid electric vehicles.
This part of the standard modifies and uses European Union (EC) No 715/2007
“Regulations on Type Approval of Pollutants Emitted by Light Passenger
Vehicles and Commercial Vehicles and Regulations on Obtaining Maintenance
and Repair Information for Vehicles”, (EC) No 692/2008 “Regulations on (EC)
the Implementation and Revision of (EC) No 715/2007 Regulations on Type
Approval of Pollutants Emitted by Light Passenger Vehicles and Commercial
Limits and measurement methods for emissions from
light-duty vehicles
(CHINA 6)
1 Scope
This standard specifies the emission limits and measurement methods for
exhaust emissions at normal temperature and low temperature, real driving
emission (RDE) exhaust emissions, crankcase pollutants, evaporative
emissions, and refueling pollutants, as well as the technical requirements and
measurement methods for the pollutant control device durability and on-board
diagnostics (OBD) systems of light-duty vehicles which are equipped with
ignition type engine.
This standard specifies the emission limits and measurement methods for
exhaust emissions at normal temperature and low temperature, real driving
emission (RDE) exhaust emissions, crankcase pollutants, as well as the
technical requirements and measurement methods for the pollutant control
device durability and on-board diagnostics (OBD) systems of light-duty vehicles
which are equipped with compression-ignition type engine.
This standard specifies the requirements and confirmation of light-duty vehicle
type inspection, production conformance and in-use conformity inspection and
determination methods.
This standard also specifies special requirements for the light-duty vehicles
which use liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or natural gas (NG).
This standard also specifies the type inspection procedures for pollutant
emissions of the alternative pollutant control devices which are used as an
independent technology assembly and proposed to be installed on light-duty
vehicles.
This standard also specifies the technical requirements for vehicles that use
reactants in exhaust aftertreatment systems, as well as the emission test
procedures for vehicles that are equipped with periodic regenerative systems.
This standard applies to light-duty vehicles (including hybrid electric vehicles)
powered by ignition engines or compression-ignition engines with a maximum
design speed of 50 km/h or more.
Under the requirements of production companies, category M1, M2, N1 and N2
vehicles with a maximum design total mass of more than 3500 kg can be
subject to type inspection in accordance with this standard.
This standard does not apply to vehicles that have passed the CHINA 6 type
inspection in accordance with the provisions of GB 17691.
The use of vehicles whose fuel types are not contained in Appendix K may be
implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents or clauses therein are referenced in this standard. For
undated references, the latest edition is applicable to this standard.
GB 1495 Limits and measurement methods for noise emitted by accelerating
motor vehicles
GB 3847 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E.
(Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
GB 7258 Safety specifications for power-driven vehicles operating on roads
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB 17691 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust emissions from
compression ignition and gas fueled positive ignition engines of vehicles (III
IV V)
GB 18285 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust emissions from
vehicles equipped ignition engine under two-speed idle conditions and
simple driving mode conditions
GB/T 19001 Quality management system requirements
GB/T 27630 Guideline for air quality assessment of passenger car
HJ/T 390 Technical requirement for environmental protection product -
Control system of fuel evaporative emissions from vehicle with petrol engine
HJ 509 Determination of platinum, palladium and rhodium loading in the
vehicle-used ceramic catalytic converters - Inductive coupled plasma-optical
emission spectrometry and inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
ISO 2575 Road vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
ISO 8422-1991 Sequential sampling plans for inspection by attributes
ISO 9141-2 Road vehicles - Diagnostic systems - Part 2. CARB
requirements for interchange of digital information
ISO 14230-4 Road vehicles - Diagnostic systems - Keyword Protocol 2000
- Part 4. Requirements for emission-related systems
ISO 15031-3 Road vehicles - Communication ceilings - Related diagnostics
- Part 3. Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits, specification
and use
ISO 15031-4 Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions - related diagnostics - Part 4. External test
equipment
ISO 15031-5 Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions-related diagnostics - Part 5. Emissions-related
diagnostic services
ISO 15031-6 Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions-related diagnostics - Part 6. Diagnostic trouble
code definition
ISO 15031-7 Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions-related diagnostics - Part 7. Datalink security
ISO 15765-4 Road vehicles - Diagnostics on Controller Area Network (CAN)
- Part 4. Requirements for emissions-related systems
EN 1822 High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA)
SAE J1850 Class B data communications network interface
SAE J2186 E/E datalink security
SAE J1930 Electronic system diagnostic items, definitions, and
abbreviations (equivalent to ISO/TR 15031-2)
SAE J1930-DA Electronic system diagnostic items, definitions and
abbreviations, and abbreviations website tool spreadsheet program
(equivalent to ISO/TR 15031-2)
SAE J1962 Diagnostic interface (equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-3. December
14, 2001)
SAE J1978 OBDII scan tool (equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-4. December 14,
2001)
SAE J1979 E/E diagnostic test mode
An apparatus or strategy that activates, adjusts, delays or stops the work of
a certain component or function of exhaust control system through
measuring, sensing or responding the operation parameters of vehicles (e.g.,
vehicle speed, engine speed, transmission gear, temperature, altitude,
intake manifold vacuum, or other parameters), to make the control effect of
the emission control system lower under normal use conditions of vehicles.
The following measures are not regarded as defeat devices.
(1) Measures required to protect the engine from damage or accidents and
to ensure safe driving of the vehicle;
(2) Measures that only work when the engine starts;
(3) Measure that does work in type I, type II, type III, type IV, type VI, and
type VII tests.
3.29
Reagent
An agent that is provided to the emission after-treatment system as required
by the emission control system, is stored on the vehicle but not used as fuel.
3.30
Periodically regenerating system
A catalytic converter, particle trap or other pollution control device that
requires a periodic regeneration process during normal vehicle operation not
exceeding 4000 km.
For a periodical regeneration system, emissions during the regeneration
phase can be exceeded. If at least one regeneration occurs during the type
I test after the pollution control device has undergone at least one
regeneration during the pretreatment period, the regeneration system shall
be considered as a continuous regeneration system and not applicable to
the test procedure of the periodical regeneration system as specified in
Appendix Q.
If the data provided by production companies to the environmental protection
authorities shows that the emissions during the regeneration phase are
lower than the limit of 5.3.1.4, the periodical regeneration system test
procedure may not be used, and a written statement may be made to the
environmental protection authority.
3.31
5.1.2 The production enterprise shall adopt technical measures to ensure that
the vehicle can effectively control its exhaust emissions, actual exhaust
emissions, crankcase pollutants, evaporative emissions, and refueling
emissions within the limits specified in this standard under normal use
conditions and normal life span. This also includes hoses and their joints used
in emission control systems, as well as the reliability of individual wiring, which
shall be manufactured to meet their original design requirements.
All vehicles shall be equipped with an OBD system that shall be designed,
manufactured, and installed on the vehicle to ensure that the vehicle recognizes
and records the type of degradation or failure throughout its full life.
If the provisions of clause 5 (type inspection), clause 7 (production consistency)
and clause 8 (in-use conformity) are satisfied, it is determined that the
requirements of these terms are satisfied.
It is forbidden to use defeat devices.
During the full life of the vehicle, the technical measures taken by the production
enterprises and the OBD system of the vehicle equipment shall not be
transformed, unless it is necessary to solve the problem of vehicle emission
defects, and the manufacturer has given written explanation of the
transformation.
5.1.3 One of the following measures shall be taken to prevent excessive
evaporative emissions or fuel spillage due to the loss of the fuel tank cap.
(1) Automatically opened and closed fuel tank caps that cannot be
removed;
(2) To prevent excessive evaporative emissions caused by the loss of the
fuel tank cap from the structural design;
(3) Any other measures with the same effect. For example, fastened fuel
tank cap; or otherwise the fuel tank cap is locked, and the vehicle
ignition share the same key, and the key can only be removed when
the fuel tank cap is locked.
5.1.4 Safety provisions for electronic control systems
5.1.4.1 The manufacturer shall ensure that the discharge-related requirements
or parameters in the electronic control unit are not altered. If changes are
required to diagnose, maintain, inspect, renew, or repair the vehicle, it shall be
authorized by the manufacturer and recorded in-detail in the conformance
material. Manufacturers shall provide a certain level of protection measures to
prevent any reprogrammable electronic control unit code or operating
parameters from being illegally altered. The protection level is at least
for future reference, and it shall be kept for at least 3 years.
5.3.9 Type inspection test for alternative pollution control devices as an
independent technology assembly
5.3.9.1 For alternative pollution control devices, tests shall be conducted in
accordance with Appendix M.
5.3.9.2 For the original alternative pollution control device, if it meets the
requirements of M.4.2.1 and M.4.2.2, it does not have to be tested in
accordance with Appendix M.
5.3.10 Type inspection test for LPG or NG fueled vehicles
For vehicles that use LPG or NG, they shall be tested in accordance with
Appendix L.
5.3.11 Technical requirements for vehicles using reactants for exhaust
aftertreatment systems
Vehicles that use reactants for aftertreatment systems to achieve emissions
reduction purposes shall meet the requirements of Appendix P.
5.4 Internal air quality
All vehicles of category M1 shall meet the requirements of the “Guideline for air
quality assessment of passenger car” (GB/T 27630-2011) and subsequent
revisions.
5.5 Test fuel
In the type inspection test, all the tests except the type II and type V tests shall
use the reference fuel that meets the requirements of Appendix K. The type II
and type V tests shall use the commercially available vehicle fuels that meet
the requirements of the CHINA 6 gasoline/diesel standard.
For fuel types not included in Appendix K, commercially available vehicle fuels
that comply with the relevant national standards shall be used.
5.6 Provisions on emissions warranty period
5.6.1 The production enterprise shall ensure that the materials, manufacturing
processes and product quality of the emission-related parts and components,
to ensure its normal function during useful life.
5.6.2 If the emission-related parts and components fail or damage during the
warranty period, resulting in the failure of the exhaust system, or vehicle
emissions exceeding the limits of this standard, the manufacturer shall bear the
6.2 Extension related to crankcase emissions (type III test)
The engine model and manufacturer are the same. The crankcase emission
pollution control method is the same.
6.3 Extension related to evaporative emissions (type IV and VII tests)
6.3.1 Fuel tank
- The fuel tank shape, the fuel tank, and the liquid fuel hose are same in
materials;
- The difference in volume of the fuel tank is within ±10%;
- The type of gas-liquid separator (if applicable) is the same as the type and
emission type of the breathing valve of the fuel tank;
- The setting pressure of the fuel tank breathing valve opening pressure is
the same;
- Fuel tank thermal shielding device (with/without);
- The oil refueling pipe has the same sealing methods for preventing the oil
gas leakage;
- Fuel tank cap.
6.3.2 Fuel/air metering method
- The basic principles of fuel/air metering are the same (for example, whether
there are throttles, inlet passage with multiple injections, single-point
injections, and in-fuel tank direct-injection vehicles cannot be in the same
family).
6.3.3 Canister
- The method for storing fuel vapors is the same, that is, specifications and
models, materials and production plants of activated carbon canisters and
storage media, and air cleaners (if used for evaporative emission control);
- The method of desorption of storage vapor is the same (e.g. the same
starting point is set; the volumetric error of desorption in the air flow or test
cycle is within 10%);
- The structure of the canister system in the fuel system is the same;
- The basic principle of the desorption valve is the same
(electromagnetic/mechanical);
in Appendix A and Appendix B, select new production vehicles to carry out some
or all of the tests described in 5.3 and 5.4. The selection of vehicles and the
determination of inspection results shall be performed in accordance with 7.2
to 7.10. If a certain vehicle model cannot meet any requirement of the
production consistency inspection, it is determined that the model does not
meet the requirements of this standard. OBD production consistency assurance
shall also meet the requirements of Appendix JA.7.
7.1 In order to ensure that mass-produced vehicles, systems, components, and
independent technology assemblies are in line with the status after type
inspection, and that the emission of the mass-produced vehicle is up to
standard, the manufacturer shall formulate and implement a production
consistency assurance plan for each vehicle model family. A production
consistency assurance plan may include one or more emission family.
7.1.1 Vehicle manufacturer shall formulate a production consistency assurance
plan before mass production of vehicles and report to the competent
department of environmental protection for registration. The production
consistency assurance plan for vehicle manufacturers may not include type II
tests and type V tests. For other specific requirements, see Appendix N. OBD's
production consistency assurance shall also meet the requirements of
Appendix JA.7.
7.1.2 If a non-conformity occurs, the vehicle manufacturer shall re-establish the
production consistency assurance system as soon as possible, and shall
include the vehicle models of the same family that may be affected by the same
defects.
7.1.3 In the production consistency test, all the tests except the type II and type
V tests shall use the reference fuel that meets the requirements of Appendix K.
The type II and type V tests shall use the commercially available vehicle fuel
which is in conformity with the CHINA 6 gasoline/diesel standard. For the use
of fuel types not included in Appendix K, the commercially available vehicle
fuels that comply with the relevant national standards shall be used.
7.2 Type I test production consistency inspection
7.2.1 When the test is carried out, if the type-tested vehicle has one or more
extensions, this test can be carried out on the vehicle model described in
Appendix A or on the relevant extended model.
7.2.2 After the competent department of environmental protection selects the
production consistency inspection prototype, the manufacturer shall not make
any adjustment to the selected prototype.
7.2.2.1 Three vehicles shall be arbitrarily selected in batch products of the same
family and the tests shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of
shall meet the requirements of 5.3.3.2.
7.5 Production consistency inspection of type IV test
7.5.1 Rapid inspection of production consistency shall be carried out in
accordance with the provisions of Appendix F.7.
7.5.2 If necessary, a vehicle shall be randomly selected from the three vehicles
drawn from 7.2, to perform the whole vehicle evaporative emission test as
described in Appendix F. If the test result adopts the deterioration factor
determined in 5.3.5.1.2.1 or the type IV test deterioration factor in Table 8 and
complies with the requirements of 5.3.4.3 after addition correction, it is
determined that the production consistency of the type IV test complies with
requirements.
7.5.3 If the vehicle being taken cannot meet the requirements of 7.5.2, the other
two vehicles taken in 7.2 shall be tested in accordance with Appendix F.
7.5.4 Test results shall use the deterioration factor determined in 5.3.5.1.2.1 or
the type IV test deterioration factor in Table 8 for addition correction. Production
consistency inspection results are determined in accordance with the following
criteria.
- If the evaporative emission results of the three vehicles do not exceed 1.1
times the limit value, and the average value does not exceed the limit value,
then the type IV test production consistency inspection is determined to be
qualified.
- If the evaporative emissions from any one of the three vehicles exceeds 1.1
times the limit, or if the average value exceeds the limit, then the type IV
test production consistency inspection is determined to be disqualified.
7.6 Production consistency inspection of type V test
7.6.1 During the type V test, a vehicle is randomly taken from the three vehicles
drawn in 7.2 to carry out the durability test described in Appendix G. If the
results meet the requirements of 5.3.1, 5.3.4, and 5.3.7, the production
consistency of the type V test is determined to meet the requirements.
7.6.2 If the measurement result exceeds the standard limit during the durability
test, the test shall be terminated, and it shall be determined that the vehicle
taken cannot meet the requirements of 7.6.1. If the manufacturer submits a
written application, the competent department of environmental protection shall
carry out the tests described in Appendix G to the other two vehicles taken from
7.2.
7.6.3 If the durability test results of the other two vehicles meet the requirements
Appendix A
(Normative)
Type inspection material
When applying for type inspections, the following materials including the
contents and catalogue shall be provided in electronic documents.
In any sketch, the details shall be adequately stated in an appropriate
proportion; its size is A4, or it is folded to that size. If there are photos, their
details shall be displayed. If the system, component or independent technology
assembly is controlled by a microprocessor, its performance data shall be
provided.
A.1 Overview
A.1.1 Manufacturing company name (full name, abbreviation or
logo)...
A.1.2 Model (1) and business general description...
A.1.3 Vehicle model marks...
A.1.4 Vehicle categories...
A.1.5 Production enterprise address...
A.1.6 Assembly plant address...
A.1.7 Model identification method and position (whole vehicle nameplate
position)...
A.2 Overall structure characteristics of vehicle
A.2.1 Photos and/or diagrams representing vehicles...
A.2.2 Emission control device location schematics...
A.2.3 Power shafts (number, position, interconnection)...
A.2.4 Drive type...
A.2.5 Hybrid power (Yes/No)... Hybrid type...
A.4.2.10.2.6.14.1 Manufacturer name...
A.4.2.10.2.6.14.2 Model...
A.4.2.10.2.6.14.3 Pressure... and vacuum settings...
A.4.2.10.2.6.14.4 If no refueling cap design is used, provide a description of the
method for the fuel pipe sealing or a corresponding design plan...
A.4.2.10.2.6.15 Sealing
A.4.2.10.2.6.15.1 Pressure valve opening pressure of fuel tank and refueling
pipe pressure... kPa
A.4.2.10.2.6.15.2 Vacuum relief valve opening pressure... kPa
A.4.2.10.2.6.15.3 Schematic diagram of sealing structure of refueling pipe...
A.4.2.10.2.6.16 Information on vehicle pretreatment for the purpose of reducing
non-fuel hydrocarbons, etc...
A.4.2.10.2.6.17 The desorption amount measured in seconds, and the sum of
them, when operating Appendix F.5.9. Time from vehicle ignition startup to the
start of desorption...
A.4.2.10.2.6.18 The desorption amount measured in seconds, and the sum of
them, when operating Appendix I.5.7.1, I.5.7.3 or I.5.7.4, as well as the time
from vehicle cold start to the desorption startup...
A.4.2.10.2.7 OBD system
A.4.2.10.2.7.1 System vendor...
A.4.2.10.2.7.2 Version number...
A.4.2.10.2.7.3 Communication interface location...
A.4.2.10.2.7.4 OBD system malfunction indicator light (MIL) written description
(and) or schematic diagram, and MIL activation determination (fixed number of
test cycles or statistical methods)...
A.4.2.10.2.7.5 List and purpose of all components monitored by the OBD
system...
A.4.2.10.2.7.6 The description of the normal operation of the OBD system of
the following items, including a complete written description of each monitoring
strategy, and outlining each step of the implementation of each strategy during
the monitoring process, using a logic flow diagram to describe step by step the
enabling standard and failure criteria. Where it is necessary to adequately
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.1.9 Other components monitored by OBD system (2)...
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2 Compression ignition engine (2)
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2.1 NMHC catalytic converter (2)...
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2.2 NOx catalytic converter (2)...
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2.3 Particle trap monitoring (2)...
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2.4 Fuel supply system monitoring (2)...
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2.5 Misfire (2)
A.4.2.10.2.7.6.2.5.1 Within the entire engine speed and lo......
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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