HJ 836-2017 PDF English
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HJ
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARD
Stationary source emission - Determination of mass
concentration of particulate matter at low
concentration - Manual gravimetric method
Issued on. DECEMBER 29, 2017
Implemented on. MARCH 01, 2018
Issued by. Ministry of Environment Protection
Announcement of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of
the People's Republic of China
No.87 in 2017
Table of Contents
Foreword... 5
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Principle of method... 9
5 Reagents and materials... 9
6 Apparatus and equipment... 10
7 Samples... 13
8 Analytical procedures... 15
9 Calculation and presentation of results... 17
10 Quality control and quality assurance... 17
Appendix A (Informative) Determination of paired train samples... 19
Foreword
In order to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's
Republic of China" and "The Air Pollution Prevention Law of the People's
Republic of China", protect the environment, protect human health, standardize
the determination method of low-concentration particulate matter in the exhaust
gas of stationary pollution sources, this standard is hereby formulated.
This standard specifies a manual gravimetric method for the determination of
mass concentration of particulate matter at low concentration from stationary
sources.
Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard was issued for the first time.
This standard was formulated under the organization by the Environmental
Monitoring Department and the Science and Technology Standards
Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Drafting organizations of this standard. China Environmental Monitoring Center,
Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center, Hebei Environmental Monitoring
Center, Hubei Environmental Monitoring Center.
Verifying organizations of this standard. China Environmental Monitoring Center,
Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center, Hebei Environmental Monitoring
Center, Hubei Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing Chaoyang District
Environmental Monitoring Station, Qingdao Laoshan Applied Technology
Research Institute, Qingdao Rongguang Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.,
Shanghai Minyou Environmental Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan
Tianhong Instrument Co., Ltd.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on
December 29, 2017.
This standard comes into effect on March 1, 2018.
For this standard, the Ministry of Environmental Protection is responsible for
the interpretation.
Stationary source emission - Determination of mass
concentration of particulate matter at low
concentration - Manual gravimetric method
1 Scope
This standard specifies a manual gravimetric method for the determination of
mass concentration of particulate matter at low concentration from stationary
source emission.
This standard applies to the determination of particulate matter in various types
of coal-fired, fuel-fired, gas-fired boilers, industrial kilns, stationary gas turbines,
other stationary pollution sources.
This standard applies to the determination of low-concentration particulate
matter. When the determination result is greater than 50 mg/m3, it is expressed
as " > 50 mg/m3".
When the sampling volume is 1 m3, the detection limit of this standard method
is 1.0 mg/m3.
2 Normative references
The content of this standard refers to the following documents or their clauses.
For undated reference documents, the effective version is applicable to this
standard.
GB/T 16157 The determination of particulates and sampling methods of
gaseous pollutants emitted from exhaust gas of stationary source
HJ 76 Specifications and test procedures for continuous emission monitoring
system for SO2, NOX and particulate matter in stack gas emitted from
stationary
HJ 656 Technical specification for manual monitoring method (gravimetric
method) of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5)
HJ/T 48 Technical requirements for soot sampler
HJ/T 373 Quality assurance and quality control technical specifications for
monitoring of stationary pollution source
HJ/T 397 Technical specifications for monitoring of stationary emission
sources
JJG 1036 Electronic balance
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Particulate matter
Solid and liquid particulate matter suspended in the exhaust gas produced
by the combustion, synthesis, decomposition of fuel and other materials, as
well as the mechanical processing of various materials.
3.2
Dry waste gas of standard condition
Exhaust gas containing no moisture at a temperature of 273.15 K and a
pressure of 101325 Pa. Unless otherwise specified, the volume and
concentration referred to in this standard are the volume and concentration
of dry waste gas under standard conditions.
3.3
Isokinetic sampling
The plane of the sampling nozzle is directly facing the exhaust gas flow, so
that the airflow velocity entering the sampling nozzle is equal to the exhaust
gas flow rate at the measuring point.
4 Principle of method
This method adopts the in-stack filtration method; uses a low-concentration
sampling probe containing filter media; inserts a particulate matter sampling
tube into the stack through the sampling hole; uses the principle of isokinetic
sampling to extract a certain volume of particulate matter-containing exhaust
gas.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Acetone
Dry residue ≤ 10 mg/L, ρ(CH3COCH3) = 0.788 g/ml.
5.2 Filter membrane
The diameter of the filter membrane is (47 ± 0.25) mm, which shall meet the
following requirements.
6 Apparatus and equipment
6.1 Measuring device for moisture of exhaust gas
6.1.1 Measuring device for condensation method and gravimetric method
The measuring device for condensation method and gravimetric method shall
meet the requirements of the condensation method and gravimetric method in
GB/T 16157 for the determination of moisture content in exhaust gas.
6.3 Sampling device for exhaust particles
6.3.1 Composition of sampling device
The particulate matter sampling device is composed of a combined sampling
tube, a cooling and drying system, a suction pump unit, a gas metering system,
connecting pipelines.
6.3.2 Sampling tube
The sampling tube shall be made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant
materials. The sampling tube shall have sufficient strength and length and have
scale marks, so that sampling can be done at a suitable point. Figure 3 shows
an example of a combined sampling tube.
6.3.3 Sampling probe
The sampling probe is composed of front bend (including sampling nozzle),
filter membrane, stainless steel support net, sealing aluminum ring. The front
bend shall be made of high-strength materials such as titanium or stainless
steel;
6.3.4 Sampling nozzle
The inlet angle of the sampling nozzle shall not be greater than 45°. The
thickness of the inlet edge of the sampling nozzle shall not be greater than 0.2
mm. The inlet diameter D shall include at least 4.0 mm, 5.0 mm, 6.0 mm, 8.0
mm, 10.0 mm, 12.0 mm. The deviation shall not exceed ±0.1 mm. See Figure
5 for sampling nozzle requirements.
6.4 Analytical weighing equipment
6.4.1 Oven and muffle furnace. Accuracy. ±5 °C.
6.4.2 Constant temperature and humidity equipment. It shall meet the
requirements of constant temperature and humidity equipment in HJ 656;
temperature can be controlled at any point within the range (15 ~ 30) °C, with
a temperature control accuracy ±1 °C; the relative humidity shall be controlled
within the range of (50 ± 5)%RH.
7 Samples
7.1 Sampling location and sampling point
The sampling location and sampling point shall meet the requirements for
sampling location and sampling point in GB/T 16157.
The inner diameter of the sampling hole shall not be less than 80 mm. It should
select a sampling hole which has an inner diameter of 90 ~ 120 mm.
7.2 Sampling preparation
7.2.4 Make sure that the site working conditions, sampling point locations and
sampling holes, sampling platform, working power supply, lighting and safety
facilities meet the monitoring requirements.
7.2.5 Prepare sampling instruments, safety equipment and record forms for
monitoring.
7.3 Sample collection
7.3.1 According to the stack size actually measured on site, select the sampling
plane according to the requirements of 7.1; determine the number of sampling
points.
7.3.2 Record the basic situation of the site and clean up the dust accumulation
at the sampling hole.
7.3.7 Collect the overall blank. During the sampling process, the sampling
nozzle shall face away from the exhaust gas's flow direction; the time and
movement of the sampling tube in the stack are the same as the actual
sampling. The overall blank shall be carried out once during each measurement
series;
7.3.8 When collecting synchronous double samples, each sample shall be
collected synchronous double samples, and the collection of paired train
samples shall meet the requirements of Appendix A.
8 Analytical procedures
8.1 Measurement procedures for exhaust gas's moisture, temperature, pressure and flow rate
The procedure for the determination of moisture in exhaust gas by
condensation method and gravimetric method shall comply with the provisions
of GB/T 16157 for the determination of moisture in exhaust gas by condensation
method and gravimetric method.
8.2 Measurement procedure of exhaust particulate matter
8.2.1 Pre-sampling processing
Before sampling, ultrasonically clean the front bend, sealed aluminum ring and
stainless steel support net in deionized water medium; then use deionized
water to rinse it for 5 minutes, to remove the particles that may be adsorbed on
each component.
8.2.2 Pre-sampling weighing
Select the sampling probe that has been processed and balanced according to
8.2.1.Weigh it by a balance in the constant temperature and humidity
equipment. Weigh each sample twice, the interval between each weighing shall
be greater than 1 h;
8.2.3 Post-sampling processing
After the sampling probe sampled in accordance with 7.3 is transported back to
the laboratory, use the quartz wool dipped in acetone to wipe and clean the
outer surface of the sampling probe. The cleaning process shall be carried out
in a fume hood. After cleaning, bake the sampling probe in an oven at a
temperature of 105 ~ 110 °C for 1 hour.
9 Calculation and presentation of results
9.1 Result calculation
The concentration of particulate matter is calculated according to formula (1).
HJ
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARD
Stationary source emission - Determination of mass
concentration of particulate matter at low
concentration - Manual gravimetric method
Issued on. DECEMBER 29, 2017
Implemented on. MARCH 01, 2018
Issued by. Ministry of Environment Protection
Announcement of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of
the People's Republic of China
No.87 in 2017
Table of Contents
Foreword... 5
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Principle of method... 9
5 Reagents and materials... 9
6 Apparatus and equipment... 10
7 Samples... 13
8 Analytical procedures... 15
9 Calculation and presentation of results... 17
10 Quality control and quality assurance... 17
Appendix A (Informative) Determination of paired train samples... 19
Foreword
In order to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's
Republic of China" and "The Air Pollution Prevention Law of the People's
Republic of China", protect the environment, protect human health, standardize
the determination method of low-concentration particulate matter in the exhaust
gas of stationary pollution sources, this standard is hereby formulated.
This standard specifies a manual gravimetric method for the determination of
mass concentration of particulate matter at low concentration from stationary
sources.
Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard was issued for the first time.
This standard was formulated under the organization by the Environmental
Monitoring Department and the Science and Technology Standards
Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Drafting organizations of this standard. China Environmental Monitoring Center,
Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center, Hebei Environmental Monitoring
Center, Hubei Environmental Monitoring Center.
Verifying organizations of this standard. China Environmental Monitoring Center,
Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center, Hebei Environmental Monitoring
Center, Hubei Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing Chaoyang District
Environmental Monitoring Station, Qingdao Laoshan Applied Technology
Research Institute, Qingdao Rongguang Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.,
Shanghai Minyou Environmental Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan
Tianhong Instrument Co., Ltd.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on
December 29, 2017.
This standard comes into effect on March 1, 2018.
For this standard, the Ministry of Environmental Protection is responsible for
the interpretation.
Stationary source emission - Determination of mass
concentration of particulate matter at low
concentration - Manual gravimetric method
1 Scope
This standard specifies a manual gravimetric method for the determination of
mass concentration of particulate matter at low concentration from stationary
source emission.
This standard applies to the determination of particulate matter in various types
of coal-fired, fuel-fired, gas-fired boilers, industrial kilns, stationary gas turbines,
other stationary pollution sources.
This standard applies to the determination of low-concentration particulate
matter. When the determination result is greater than 50 mg/m3, it is expressed
as " > 50 mg/m3".
When the sampling volume is 1 m3, the detection limit of this standard method
is 1.0 mg/m3.
2 Normative references
The content of this standard refers to the following documents or their clauses.
For undated reference documents, the effective version is applicable to this
standard.
GB/T 16157 The determination of particulates and sampling methods of
gaseous pollutants emitted from exhaust gas of stationary source
HJ 76 Specifications and test procedures for continuous emission monitoring
system for SO2, NOX and particulate matter in stack gas emitted from
stationary
HJ 656 Technical specification for manual monitoring method (gravimetric
method) of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5)
HJ/T 48 Technical requirements for soot sampler
HJ/T 373 Quality assurance and quality control technical specifications for
monitoring of stationary pollution source
HJ/T 397 Technical specifications for monitoring of stationary emission
sources
JJG 1036 Electronic balance
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Particulate matter
Solid and liquid particulate matter suspended in the exhaust gas produced
by the combustion, synthesis, decomposition of fuel and other materials, as
well as the mechanical processing of various materials.
3.2
Dry waste gas of standard condition
Exhaust gas containing no moisture at a temperature of 273.15 K and a
pressure of 101325 Pa. Unless otherwise specified, the volume and
concentration referred to in this standard are the volume and concentration
of dry waste gas under standard conditions.
3.3
Isokinetic sampling
The plane of the sampling nozzle is directly facing the exhaust gas flow, so
that the airflow velocity entering the sampling nozzle is equal to the exhaust
gas flow rate at the measuring point.
4 Principle of method
This method adopts the in-stack filtration method; uses a low-concentration
sampling probe containing filter media; inserts a particulate matter sampling
tube into the stack through the sampling hole; uses the principle of isokinetic
sampling to extract a certain volume of particulate matter-containing exhaust
gas.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Acetone
Dry residue ≤ 10 mg/L, ρ(CH3COCH3) = 0.788 g/ml.
5.2 Filter membrane
The diameter of the filter membrane is (47 ± 0.25) mm, which shall meet the
following requirements.
6 Apparatus and equipment
6.1 Measuring device for moisture of exhaust gas
6.1.1 Measuring device for condensation method and gravimetric method
The measuring device for condensation method and gravimetric method shall
meet the requirements of the condensation method and gravimetric method in
GB/T 16157 for the determination of moisture content in exhaust gas.
6.3 Sampling device for exhaust particles
6.3.1 Composition of sampling device
The particulate matter sampling device is composed of a combined sampling
tube, a cooling and drying system, a suction pump unit, a gas metering system,
connecting pipelines.
6.3.2 Sampling tube
The sampling tube shall be made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant
materials. The sampling tube shall have sufficient strength and length and have
scale marks, so that sampling can be done at a suitable point. Figure 3 shows
an example of a combined sampling tube.
6.3.3 Sampling probe
The sampling probe is composed of front bend (including sampling nozzle),
filter membrane, stainless steel support net, sealing aluminum ring. The front
bend shall be made of high-strength materials such as titanium or stainless
steel;
6.3.4 Sampling nozzle
The inlet angle of the sampling nozzle shall not be greater than 45°. The
thickness of the inlet edge of the sampling nozzle shall not be greater than 0.2
mm. The inlet diameter D shall include at least 4.0 mm, 5.0 mm, 6.0 mm, 8.0
mm, 10.0 mm, 12.0 mm. The deviation shall not exceed ±0.1 mm. See Figure
5 for sampling nozzle requirements.
6.4 Analytical weighing equipment
6.4.1 Oven and muffle furnace. Accuracy. ±5 °C.
6.4.2 Constant temperature and humidity equipment. It shall meet the
requirements of constant temperature and humidity equipment in HJ 656;
temperature can be controlled at any point within the range (15 ~ 30) °C, with
a temperature control accuracy ±1 °C; the relative humidity shall be controlled
within the range of (50 ± 5)%RH.
7 Samples
7.1 Sampling location and sampling point
The sampling location and sampling point shall meet the requirements for
sampling location and sampling point in GB/T 16157.
The inner diameter of the sampling hole shall not be less than 80 mm. It should
select a sampling hole which has an inner diameter of 90 ~ 120 mm.
7.2 Sampling preparation
7.2.4 Make sure that the site working conditions, sampling point locations and
sampling holes, sampling platform, working power supply, lighting and safety
facilities meet the monitoring requirements.
7.2.5 Prepare sampling instruments, safety equipment and record forms for
monitoring.
7.3 Sample collection
7.3.1 According to the stack size actually measured on site, select the sampling
plane according to the requirements of 7.1; determine the number of sampling
points.
7.3.2 Record the basic situation of the site and clean up the dust accumulation
at the sampling hole.
7.3.7 Collect the overall blank. During the sampling process, the sampling
nozzle shall face away from the exhaust gas's flow direction; the time and
movement of the sampling tube in the stack are the same as the actual
sampling. The overall blank shall be carried out once during each measurement
series;
7.3.8 When collecting synchronous double samples, each sample shall be
collected synchronous double samples, and the collection of paired train
samples shall meet the requirements of Appendix A.
8 Analytical procedures
8.1 Measurement procedures for exhaust gas's moisture, temperature, pressure and flow rate
The procedure for the determination of moisture in exhaust gas by
condensation method and gravimetric method shall comply with the provisions
of GB/T 16157 for the determination of moisture in exhaust gas by condensation
method and gravimetric method.
8.2 Measurement procedure of exhaust particulate matter
8.2.1 Pre-sampling processing
Before sampling, ultrasonically clean the front bend, sealed aluminum ring and
stainless steel support net in deionized water medium; then use deionized
water to rinse it for 5 minutes, to remove the particles that may be adsorbed on
each component.
8.2.2 Pre-sampling weighing
Select the sampling probe that has been processed and balanced according to
8.2.1.Weigh it by a balance in the constant temperature and humidity
equipment. Weigh each sample twice, the interval between each weighing shall
be greater than 1 h;
8.2.3 Post-sampling processing
After the sampling probe sampled in accordance with 7.3 is transported back to
the laboratory, use the quartz wool dipped in acetone to wipe and clean the
outer surface of the sampling probe. The cleaning process shall be carried out
in a fume hood. After cleaning, bake the sampling probe in an oven at a
temperature of 105 ~ 110 °C for 1 hour.
9 Calculation and presentation of results
9.1 Result calculation
The concentration of particulate matter is calculated according to formula (1).
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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