GB/T 4340.2-2025 PDF English
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Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines
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| GB/T 4340.2-2012 | English | 399 |
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Metallic materials -- Vickers hardness test -- Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines
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| GB/T 4340.2-1999 | English | 439 |
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Metallic vickers hardness test--Part 2: Verification of hardness testers
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GB/T 4340.2-2025: Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 19.060; 77.040.10
CCS N 71
Replacing GB/T 4340.2-2012
Metallic Materials - Vickers Hardness Test - Part 2.
Verification and Calibration of Testing Machines
(ISO 6507-2.2018, MOD)
Issued on: MARCH 28, 2025
Implemented on: OCTOBER 1, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 7
1 Scope... 8
2 Normative References... 8
3 Terms and Definitions... 8
4 General Requirements... 9
5 Direct Verification... 9
5.1 General... 9
5.2 Test Force Verification... 10
5.3 Indenter Verification... 11
5.4 Verification and Calibration of the Diagonal Measurement System... 12
5.5 Verification of Test Cycle Time... 13
5.6 Uncertainty of Direct Verification... 13
6 Indirect Verification... 13
6.1 General... 13
6.2 Test Force and Corresponding Hardness Range... 13
6.3 Verification of Standard Indentations... 14
6.4 Number of Indentations... 14
6.5 Verification Results... 14
6.6 Repeatability... 15
6.7 Error... 15
6.8 Uncertainty of Indirect Verification... 16
7 Verification Cycle... 16
8 Verification Report / Calibration Certificate... 17
8.1 Hardness Tester... 17
8.2 Vickers Indenter... 17
Appendix A (informative) Measurement Uncertainty of Hardness Tester Verification
Results... 18
A.1 Overview... 18
A.2 Direct Verification of Hardness Tester... 18
A.3 Indirect Verification of Hardness Tester... 24
A.4 Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty... 26
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the rules provided in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives
for Standardization - Part 1.Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This document is Part 2 of GB/T 4340 Metallic Materials - Vickers Hardness Test. GB/T 4340
has issued the following parts.
---Part 1.Test Method;
---Part 2.Verification and Calibration of Testing Machines;
---Part 3.Calibration of Hardness Reference Blocks;
---Part 4.Tables of Hardness Values.
This document serves as a replacement for GB/T 4340.2-2012 Metallic Materials - Vickers
Hardness Test - Part 2.Verification and Calibration of Testing Machines. In comparison with
GB/T 4340.2-2012, apart from structural adjustments and editorial modifications, the main
technical changes are as follows.
---The Scope is modified, and content of hardness testers, to which, this document does
not apply, is added (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of Version 2012);
---The test method for when the test force is not affected by the spindle position is modified,
and a simplified method for testing the test force at only one position of the spindle is
added (see 5.2.1; 4.2.1 of Version 2012);
---The requirements for test force deviation are modified, and the maximum permissible
relative deviation of the test force for the small force range of “0.009807 N ~ 0.09807
N” is added to the original requirements (see Table 1; Table 1 of Version 2012);
---The requirements for the indenter verification instruments are added (see 5.3.2);
---For the measurement of the intersection line of the indenter top, the minimum force
value is modified from “0.09807 N” into “0.009807 N” (see Table 2; Table 2 of Version
2012);
---The requirements for indenter verification / calibration certificate are added (see 5.3.6
and 8.2);
---The requirements for verification and calibration of diagonal measurement system are
modified (see 5.4; 4.4 of Version 2012);
---The requirements for maximum permissible error of standard indentations are modified
(see 6.3; 5.2 of Version 2012);
Metallic Materials - Vickers Hardness Test - Part 2.
Verification and Calibration of Testing Machines
1 Scope
This document specifies the verification and calibration methods for Vickers hardness tester
and diagonal measurement system used to determine Vickers hardness in accordance with GB/T
4340.1.
The direct verification method specified in this document applies to the verification and
calibration of the hardness tester, indenter and diagonal measurement system. The indirect
verification method applies to the verification of the entire Vickers hardness tester using a
standard block.
If the Vickers hardness tester is also used for hardness testing by other methods, then, the
Vickers hardness tester shall be respectively verified in accordance with the corresponding
methods.
This document also applies to the verification and calibration of portable Vickers hardness
testers.
This document does not apply to hardness testers that measure hardness using other different
principles (for example, ultrasonic impedance method).
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 4340.1 Metallic Materials - Vickers Hardness Test - Part 1.Test Method (GB/T 4340.1-
2024, ISO 6507-1.2023, MOD)
GB/T 4340.3 Metallic Materials - Vickers Hardness Test - Part 3.Calibration of Reference
Blocks (GB/T 4340.3-2025, ISO 6507-3.2018, MOD)
GB/T 13634 Metallic Materials - Calibration of Force-proving Instruments Used for the
Verification of Uniaxial Testing Machines (GB/T 13634-2019, ISO 376.2011, IDT)
3 Terms and Definitions
This document does not have terms or definitions that need to be defined.
4 General Requirements
Before verification, the Vickers hardness tester (hereinafter referred to as the “hardness tester”)
shall be checked to ensure that it is correctly installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
The following items shall be particularly checked.
a) The spindle fixing the indenter can slide in its guide rail without friction or excessive
lateral deflection.
b) The indenter shank is securely mounted in the spindle bore.
c) The application and removal of the test force are free from shock, vibration or
overload that may affect the measurement results.
d) Diagonal measurement system.
1) If the diagonal measurement system is integrated into the main unit, then, the
transition from test force removal to indentation measurement shall not affect the
reading;
2) The illumination device of the measuring microscope produces uniform
illumination throughout the entire field of view, providing sufficient contrast
between the indentation and the surrounding surface to allow clear identification
of its boundaries;
3) Where necessary, the center of the indentation shall be located in the center of
the field of view.
NOTE. the detailed rules on the verification and calibration of hardness testers specified in this
document are subject to continuous development and improvement. When a hardness
tester is required to meet a specified tolerance, that tolerance already includes the
uncertainty associated with the measurement instrument and / or reference standard used.
Therefore, any further correction for this uncertainty (e.g., reducing the tolerance through
measurement uncertainty) is inappropriate. This applies to all measurements made during
direct or indirect verification of a hardness tester.
5 Direct Verification
5.1 General
5.1.1 Direct verification shall be performed in accordance with the verification cycle specified
in Chapter 7.
5.1.2 Direct verification items include.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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