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GB/T 14684-2022 PDF English

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GB/T 14684-2022: Sand for construction
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GB/T 14684: Evolution and historical versions

Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] deliveryName of Chinese StandardStatus
GB/T 14684-2022English560 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery Sand for construction Valid
GB/T 14684-2011English150 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery Sand for construction Obsolete
GB/T 14684-2001EnglishRFQ ASK 6 days Sand for building Obsolete
GB/T 14684-1993EnglishRFQ ASK 3 days Sand for building Obsolete

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GB/T 14684-2022: Sand for construction

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GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 91.100.15 CCS Q 13 Replacing GB/T 14684-2011 Sand for construction Issued on: APRIL 15, 2022 Implemented on: NOVEMBER 01, 2022 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of PRC.

Table of Contents

Foreword... 3 Introduction... 6 1 Scope... 7 2 Normative references... 7 3 Terms and definitions... 7 4 Classifications and categories... 9 5 General requirements... 10 6 Technical requirements... 10 7 Test methods... 13 8 Inspection rules... 54 9 Marking, storage, transport... 55

Foreword

This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents". This document replaces GB/T 14684-2011 "Sand for construction". Compared with GB/T 14684-2011, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. a) CHANGE the definition of natural sand (see 3.1; 3.1 of the 2011 edition); b) CHANGE the definition of manufactured sand (see 3.2; 3.2 of the 2011 edition); c) ADD the terms and definitions for mixed sand (see 3.3); d) ADD the terms and definitions for flake particles in manufactured sand (see 3.9); e) CHANGE the definition of methylene blue value (see 3.12; 3.10 of the 2011 edition); f) CHANGE the category of sand (see 4.1; 4.1 and 4.2 of the 2011 edition); g) CHANGE the technical requirements for particle gradation of category I sand (see 6.1; 6.1 of the 2011 edition); h) CHANGE the technical requirements for fine content and clay content (see 6.2 and 6.3; 6.2 of the 2011 edition) i) CHANGE the technical requirements for hazardous substances (see 6.4; 6.3 of the 2011 edition) j) ADD the technical requirements for the flaky particle content of category I sand (see 6.7); k) CHANGE the technical requirements for alkali aggregate reaction (see 6.10; 6.6 of the 2011 edition); l) CHANGE the test method for clay content (see 7.6; 7.6 of the 2011 edition); m) CHANGE the chloride content detection method (see 7.11; 7.11 of the 2011 edition); n) ADD the detection method for flake particle content (see 7.15); o) ADD the test method for alkali-carbonate reaction of manufactured sand (see 7.19.4); p) CHANGE the exit-factory inspection and type inspection items (see 8.1.1 and 8.1.2; 8.1.1 and 8.1.2 of the 2011 edition); q) CHANGE the group-batching rules (see 8.2; 8.2 of the 2011 edition). This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the China Building Materials Federation. Drafting organizations of this document. China Sand and Gravel Association, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Huzhou Xinkaiyuan Gravel Co., Ltd., Gansu Huajian New Materials Co., Ltd., China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Eighth Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Shibang Industrial Technology Group Co., Ltd., North Heavy Industry Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Shanbao Group Co., Ltd., Fujian Nanfang Road Machinery Co., Ltd., Henan Liming Heavy Industry Technology Co., Ltd., China Gezhouba Group Yipuli Co., Ltd., Nanchang Mining Machinery Group Co., Ltd., Hongda Blasting Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang Xinjinshan Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., China Academy of Building Sciences Co., Ltd., China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co., Ltd., Beijing Huaxia Jianlong Mining Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing Fuling District Daye Building Materials Co., Ltd., Chongqing Guangcheng Building Materials Co., Ltd., China Communications Construction Company No.3 Engineering Co., Ltd., Zibo Dali Mining Machinery Co., Ltd., Xi'an Highway Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Architectural Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Huarong Building Materials Holdings Co., Ltd., Ningbo Lutong Cement Products Co., Ltd., University of Science and Technology Beijing, Tongji University, Hebei Institute of Building Sciences Co., Ltd., Chongqing Concrete Co., Ltd., China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Ninth Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co., Ltd., Chongqing Ruituo Building Materials Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Geology and Mining Investment Co., Ltd., Lanxi Bofeng Mineral Resources Development Co., Ltd., Guangdong Dongsheng Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Guangdong Leimeng Intelligent Equipment Group Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Yifan Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this document. Li Fei, Hu Youyi, Song Shaomin, Yao Jingen, Zhou Yongxiang, Yao Lijun, Chen Jingshou, Yang Xiaodong, Li Shunshan, Lu Jian, Wang Jianzhong, Liu Feixiang, Zhou Yu, Sun Jian, Zhou Wenjuan, Liu Juanhong, Jiang Zhengwu, Li Huajian, Zhao Jing, Zhang Peng, Gu Hairong, Yang Songke, Wang Yuxiang, Zhou Jianhua, Zhao Meng, Xie Shoudong, Sun Zhongyan, Wang Xiaolun, Li Bing, Xu Peng, Tang Jun, Fu Shifeng, Zhang Guangtian, Yang Congli, Zhang Xianyu, Wang Jun, Liu Liang, Shen Yu, Shi Yushan, Zhang Wei, Liu Xing, Yang Anmin, Zhang Hongqiang. This standard replaces the standard previously issued as follows. - This document was first published in 1993.It was revised for the first time in 2001. It was revised for the second time in 2011; - This is the third revision.

Introduction

The issuing organization of this document draws attention to the fact that declarations of compliance with this document may involve the use of 7.15 patents related to a method for determining the flake particle content of manufactured concrete sand. The issuing organization of this document takes no position regarding the authenticity, validity, or scope of this patent. The patent holder has promised to the issuing organization of this document that he is willing to agree to license any organization or individual free of charge to implement the patent when implementing this document, on a fair, reasonable, non-discriminatory basis. Patent related information can be obtained through the following contact information. Name of patent holder. Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Science and Technology Beijing Address. Beijing, Xicheng District, Zhanlanguan Rd., No.1, 100044 Contact person. Song Shaomin Contact number. 13911455983 Please note that in addition to the patents listed above, some content in this document may still involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. Sand for construction

1 Scope

This document stipulates the classification and categories, general requirements, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, storage, transportation of sand for construction. This document applies to cement concrete and its products, as well as sand used in ordinary mortar, in construction projects.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated reference documents, only the version corresponding to the date applies to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB 175 Common Portland cement GB/T 601 Chemical reagent - Preparations of standard volumetric solutions GB/T 2419 Test method for fluidity of cement mortar GB/T 6003.1 Test sieves - Technical requirements and testing - Part 1.Test sieves of metal wire cloth GB/T 6003.2 Test sieves - Technical requirements and testing - Part 2.Test sieves of perforated metal plate GB 6566 Limits of radionuclides in building materials GB 8076-2008 Concrete admixtures GB/T 17671 Test method of cement mortar strength (ISO method) SL/T 352-2020 Test code for hydraulic concrete

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Natural sand Under natural conditions, rocks undergo crushing, weathering, sorting, migration, stacking/deposition, forming rock particles, which have a particle size less than 4.75 mm. Note. Natural sand includes river sand, lake sand, mountain sand, purified sea sand; but does not include soft and weathered particles. 3.2 Manufactured sand The sand which is made from rocks, pebbles, mining waste rocks, tailings as raw materials AND manufactured by soil removal, mechanical crushing, shaping, screening, powder control and other processes, whose gradation, particle shape, fine content meet the requirements, which has a particle size of less than 4.75 mm. Note. Manufactured sand does not include soft, weathered particles. 3.3 Mixed sand Sand, which is made by mixing manufactured sand and natural sand, in a certain proportion. 3.4 Clay content The content of particles in natural sand, which has a particle size less than 75 μm. 3.5 Fine content The content of particles in manufactured sand, which has a particle size less than 75 μm. 3.6 Clay lumps and friable particles content The content of particles in sand, whose original particle size is greater than 1.18 mm, but less than 0.60 mm after water soaking, elutriation, etc. 3.7 Fineness modulus An indicator to measure of the thickness of sand. 3.8 Soundness The ability of sand to resist fracture under the action of external physical and chemical factors.

4 Classifications and categories

4.1 Classification 4.1.1 According to the source, it is divided into natural sand, manufactured sand, mixed sand. 4.1.2 According to the fineness modulus, it is divided into coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, extra fine sand. The fineness modulus are as follows. - Coarse sand. 3.7 ~ 3.1; - Medium sand. 3.0 ~ 2.3; - Fine sand. 2.2 ~ 1.6; - Extra fine sand. 1.5 ~ 0.7. 4.2 Category Construction sand is divided into category I, category II, category III, based on particle gradation, clay content (fine content), methylene blue (MB) value, clay lumps and friable particles content, hazardous substances, soundness, crushing index, flake particle content technical requirements.

5 General requirements

5.1 In addition to complying with the provisions of 6.4, hazardous substances in manufactured sand, which are produced from mining waste rock and tailings, shall also comply with the requirements of the environmental protection and safety-related standards and specifications in China. 5.2 The technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, storage and transportation of mixed sand shall be implemented as for manufactured sand.

6 Technical requirements

6.1 Particle gradation 6.1.1 Except for extra-fine sand, the cumulative screening residue of category I sand shall comply with the requirements of Zone 2 in Table 1; the sub-calculated screening residue shall comply with the requirements of Table 2.The cumulative screening residue of category II and category III sand shall comply with the requirements of Table 1.The actual particle gradation of sand can be exceeded, except for 4.75 mm and 0.60 mm screen; however, the sum of the cumulative screen residue excess values at all levels shall not be greater than 5%. 6.1.2 The fineness modulus of category I sand shall be 2.3 ~ 3.2. 6.2 Clay content of natural sand, methylene blue value and fine content of manufactured sand 6.2.1 The clay content of natural sand shall comply with the requirements in Table 3. Table 3 -- Clay content of natural sand 6.2.2 The fine content of manufactured sand shall comply with the requirements in Table 4. 6.3 Clay lumps and friable particles content The clay lumps and friable particles content in the sand shall comply with the requirements in Table 5.

7 Test methods

7.1 Specimen 7.1.1 Number of specimens The minimum sampling mass for a single test shall comply with the requirements in Table 9.If several tests are performed, the same specimen can be used for several different tests, if it can be ensured that the specimen will not affect the results of another test. 7.1.2 Sampling method 7.1.2.1 Take samples according to the quantity specified in 7.1.1. 7.1.2.2 When sampling on the material pile, the sampling parts shall be evenly distributed. Before sampling, remove the surface layer of the sampling location; then randomly select 8 roughly equal sets of sand from different locations, to form a set of samples. 7.1.2.3 When sampling from the belt conveyor, it shall randomly take 4 roughly equal sets of sand from the full-section, to form a set of samples. 7.1.2.4 When sampling from trains, trucks, cargo ships, randomly select 8 roughly equal sets of sand from different locations and depths, to form a set of samples. 7.1.3 Specimen treatment 7.1.3.1 Use the distributor method. Stir the sample evenly in a moist state. Then pass it through the distributor. Take one set of sample from the hopper; pass it through the distributor again. Repeat the above process, until the sample is reduced to the required amount for the test. 7.1.3.2 Manual quartering method. Place the sample taken on a flat plate. Mix evenly in a moist state. Pile it into a round cake, which has a thickness of about 20 mm. Then divide the round cake into 4 equal parts, along two mutually perpendicular diameters. Take 2 diagonal sets. Mix them thoroughly. Then pile them into a round cake. Repeat the above process, until the sample is reduced to the required amount for the test. 7.1.3.3 The samples used in the bulk density and manufactured sand soundness tests can be tested directly, after being mixed evenly, without being reduced. 7.2 Test environment The temperature of the laboratory shall be maintained at (20 ± 5) °C. 7.3 Particle gradation 7.3.1 Instruments and equipment Instruments and equipment shall meet the following requirements. a) Oven. Temperature controlled at (105 ± 5) °C; b) Balance. The measuring range is not less than 1000 g; the graduation value is not more than 1 g; c) Test sieve. The sieves which have specifications of 0.15 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.60 mm, 1.18 mm, 2.36 mm, 4.75 mm, 9.50 mm; have sieve bottom and sieve cover; comply with the provisions for square hole test sieves in GB/T 6003.1 and GB/T 6003.2; d) Sieve shaker. 7.3.2 Test procedures 7.3.2.1 Take samples according to the provisions of 7.1.Screen out particles larger than 9.50 mm. Calculate the screening residue percentage. Reduce the specimen to about 1100 g. Dry it in an oven at (105 ± 5) °C, until it reaches constant weight. After cooling to room temperature, divide it into 2 equal portions, to prepare for use. Note. Constant weight means that when the interval between two adjacent weighing is not less than 3 hours, the difference in mass between the two is not greater than the weighing accuracy required for the test (the same below). 7.3.2.2 Weigh 500 g of specimen, accurate to 1 g. Pour the specimen onto a set of sieves (with sieve bottom), which are assembled from top to bottom according to the hole size. Then sieve it. 7.3.2.3 Place the sieve set on the sieve shaker. Shake the sieve for 10 minutes. Remove the sieve set. Sieve it by hand one by one, according to the size of the sieve holes, until the throughput per minute is less than 0.1% of the total specimen volume. The passed specimens are merged into the next No. of sieve, which is passed the next No. of sieve together the specimen in it. Proceed in this order, until all sieves are finished. Weigh out the screening residue of each No. of sieve, accurate to 1 g. 7.3.2.4 The screening residue (ma) of the specimen on each No. of sieve shall not exceed the value, which is calculated according to formula (1). 7.3.3 Result calculation 7.3.3.1 Calculate the sub-calculated screening residue percentage. The ratio of the screening residue of each No. of sieve to the total amount of the specimen. The calculation is accurate to 0.1%. 7.3.3.2 Calculate the cumulative screening residue percentage. The sub-calculated screening residue percentage of the sieve No. plus the sum of all sub-calculated screening residue percentages of this No. of sieve, accurate to 0.1%. After screening, when the difference -- BETWEEN the sum of the screening residue of each No. of sieve and the residue at the bottom of the sieve AND the mass of the original specimen -- exceeds 1%, the test shall be performed again. 7.3.3.3 The fineness modulus of sand shall be calculated according to formula (2), accurate to 0.01. 7.4 Clay content 7.4.1 Instruments and equipment Instruments and equipment shall meet the following requirements. a) Oven. Temperature is controlled at (105 ± 5) °C; b) Balance. The measuring range is not less than 1000 g; the graduation value is not more than 0.1 g; c) Test sieve. A square hole sieve, which has a hole diameter of 75 μm and 1.18 mm; d) Container. The depth is greater than 250 mm; the specimen shall be kept from splashing when washing the specimen.

8 Inspection rules

8.1 Inspection classification 8.1.1 Exit-factory inspection 8.1.1.1 The exit-factory inspection items of natural sand shall be. particle gradation (including fineness modulus), clay content, clay lumps and friable particles content, mica content, loose stacking density. The exit-factory inspection items of purified sea sand shall also include chloride content and shell content. 8.1.1.2 The exit-factory inspection items of manufactured sand shall be. particle gradation (including fineness modulus), methylene blue value and fine content, clay lumps and friable particles content, crushing indicator, loose stacking density. The exit- factory inspection items for category I manufactured sand shall also include the content of flaky particles in manufactured sand. 8.1.2 Type inspection Type inspection shall be carried out under any of the following circumstances. a) When new products are put into production; b) When the source of raw materials or production process changes; c) Once a year during normal production; d) When production is resumed after a long-term suspension; e) When there is a big difference between the exit-factory inspection results and the type inspection.

9 Marking, storage, transport

9.1 When the sand leaves the factory, both the supplier and the buyer shall inspect and accept the product in the factory. The manufacturer shall provide a product quality certificate, which includes. a) Sand classification, category, manufacturer information; b) Batch number and supply quantity; c) Exit-factory inspection results, date, this document number; d) Certificate number and issuance date; e) Signature and seal of the inspection department and inspection personnel. 9.2 Sand shall be stacked and transported separately according to category and type, to prevent artificial crushing and product contamination. ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.


      

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