GB 50316-2000 PDF English
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[GB 50316-2008 Edition] Design code for industrial metallic piping
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GB 50316-2000: [GB 50316-2008 Edition] Design code for industrial metallic piping---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB50316-2000
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 50316-2000
Design Code for Industrial Metallic Piping
(2008 Revision)
Issued on. SEPTEMBER 26, 2000
Implemented on. JANUARY 1, 2001
Jointly issued. State Quality and Technology Supervision Bureau (SQTSB);
Ministry of Construction (MOC) of the People’s Republic of
China.
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE′S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Design Code for Industrial Metallic Piping
GB 50316–2000
[2008 revision]
Chief Development Department. Former Ministry of Chemical Industry,
PRC
Approval Department. Ministry of Construction, PRC
Implementation Date. January 1, 2001
China Planning Press
Beijing 2000
Notice on Issuing the National Standard
“Design Code for Industrial Metallic Piping”
Construction-standard [2000] No. 199
In line with the requirement of the “Formulation and revision plan of national standards for
engineering construction in 1991” by the State Planning Commission (Ji-zong-he [1991]
No.290), the “Design Code for Industrial Metallic Piping” formulated by the former Ministry
of Chemical Industry jointly with other organizations concerned, reviewed by other
organizations concerned, approved as a compulsory national standard, No. GB 50316-2000, is
implemented as of January 1, 2001.
For this code, the management if the responsibility of the National Bureau of Petroleum and
Chemical Industry, and China Global Chemical Engineering Company is responsible to
explain in the concrete and the Standard & Quota Research Institution of the Ministry of
Construction entrusts China Planning press to publish.
Ministry of Construction, PRC
September 26, 2000
Table of Contents
1.General Stipulations... 6
2.Nomenclature and Symbols... 7
3.Design Condition and Design Reference... 16
4.Materials... 25
5.1 General Stipulation... 30
5.2 Pipes... 30
5.3 Bends and Miter Bends... 30
5.4 Piping and Branch Connection... 31
5.5 Valves... 34
5.6 Flanges... 35
5.7 Gaskets... 35
5.8 Fasteners... 36
5.9 Requirements for selection of the connection structure of piping components... 36
5.10 Piping Specialties... 38
5.11 Piping Components with the Non-metallic Liner... 38
6.Calculation of Pressure-resistance Strength of Metallic Piping Components... 40
7.Determination of Pipe Diameter and Calculation of Pressure Loss... 55
8.Layout of Piping... 58
9.Expansion and Flexibility of Metallic Piping... 64
10.Supporting and Hanger Rack of Piping... 71
11.Requirement by Designing upon Components Fabrication, Piping Construction and
Inspection... 76
12.Heat Insulation, Acoustical Insulation, Noise Elimination and Anticorrosion... 79
13.Supplementary Stipulations for Piping Delivering Category A1 Fluid and Category A2
Fluid... 81
14.Safety Stipulations for Piping System... 84
Appendix A Allowable Stress for Metal Piping Material... 88
Appendix B Physical Properties of Metal Materials... 99
Appendix C Range of Application Temperature for Non-Metal Lining Materials... 100
Appendix D Stipulations for the Thickness of Steel Pipe and Steel-Made Fittings... 101
Appendix E Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification Factor... 102
Appendix F Distance Between the Outdoor Underground Pipings and the Railways, Roads
and Buildings... 109
Appendix G Stipulations for Pipe Heat Treatment... 110
Appendix H Welding Structures of Piping... 112
Appendix J Non-Destructive Inspection of Piping... 114
Appendix K Description of the Wording in this code... 116
Appendix L Specification on the Test of Heat Insulating Material Used for Austenitic
Stainless Steel... 117
Additional Descriptions... 119
1.General Stipulations
1.0.1 This code is prepared for improving design level of industrial metallic pipeworks and ensuring
their design quality.
1.0.2 This code is applicable for industrial metallic pipings and those with non-metallic lines
working at a nominal pressure below or equal to 42MPa.
1.0.3 This code is not applicable for design of the following pipings.
10.3.1 The pipings attached to the equipment or machines in a whole plant designed by a
manufacturer;
1.0.3.2 Pipings in power sector;
1.0.3.3 Long-distance delivering pipings;
1.0.3.4 Pipings in a mine;
1.0.3.5 Pipings for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning, as well as pipings with a noncircular
section;
1.0.3.6 The underground or indoor water supply and drainage pipings, and fire extinguishing
purpose water supply pipings;
1.0.3.7 Pipings for foam, carbon dioxide, or other type fire extinguishing systems.
1.0.3.8 Urban public pipings.
1.0.4 The pressure used in this code all mean gauge pressures unless otherwise specified.
1.0.5 Design of any industrial metallic piping should meet the stipulations in current national
standards concerned, in addition to executing this code.
2.Nomenclature and Symbols
2.1 Nomenclature
2.1.1 Category A1 fluid
For the purpose in this code, it refers to the highly toxic fluid that can seriously poison the
individual who contacts with or inhale the fluid when a small amount of the fluid leaks out,
and cannot be cured even he/she contacts it no any longer. The fluid is corresponding to the
(extremely hazardous) toxic substance in Grade I stipulated in for the current national
standard “Classification of health hazard levels from occupational exposure to toxic
substances”, GB5044.
2.1.2 Category A2 fluid
For the purpose in this code, it refers to the toxic fluid that can poison the individual who
contacts it to different extents, but he/she may be cured after being out of contact. The fluid is
corresponding to the (high, moderately, or lightly hazardous) toxic substance in Grade II or
stipulated below in for the current national standard “Classification of health hazard levels
from occupational exposure to toxic substances”, GB5044.
3.Design Condition and Design Reference
3.1 Design Condition
3.1.1 Design of a piping should be performed according to process conditions, such as
pressure, temperature, characteristics of the fluid and other, taking the circumstance and
various load conditions in account.
3.1.2 Determination of the design pressure should meet the following stipulations.
3.1.3 Determination of the design temperature should meet the following stipulations.
3.1.5 A piping should be able to withstand the following dynamic loads.
3.1.5.1 A piping should be able to withstand impact loads caused from hydraulic impact,
strike of liquid or solid, and others.
3.1.5.2 An outdoor above grade piping should be able to withstand the wind load.
3.1.5.3 The piping located in an earthquake region should be able to withstand the horizontal
force caused by the earthquake, and should conform to the stipulations in current national
seismic standard concerned.
3.1.7 Influence of the following thermal expansion or contraction should be analyzed in
design.
3.1.7.1 The force and moment from thermal expansion or contraction acted upon the
restrained or fixed piping.
3.1.7.2 The stress in and load upon the piping wall from galloping temperature change, or
uneven temperature distribution on the piping wall.
3.1.7.3 For the clad or lined piping consists of two different materials, the load caused from
difference between the parent layer material and the coating layer material in their thermal
expansion properties, and the load caused from difference between the internal and external
pipes in a jacketed piping in their temperatures.
3.1.8 Fatigue failure caused from pressure cycling load, temperature cycling load, and/or
other cycle-alternating loads upon the piping should be avoided in design.
3.2 Reference
3.2.1 The pressure-temperature rated values of a piping component should conform to the
following stipulations.
4.Materials
4.1 General Stipulations
4.1.1 Selection of the material used for a piping must be based on service condition of the
piping, including the design pressure, design temperature, and type of the fluid used, and cost,
corrosion resistance, as well as weldability, workability, and other properties of the material.
4.1.2 The specification and performances of the material for a piping should meet the
stipulations in current national standards.
4.1.3 Application of the materials that are not listed in this code should meet the stipulations
in current national standards on the corresponding materials in chemical composition,
physical and mechanical properties, manufacturing process and method, heat treatment, and
test, as well as other aspects in this code.
4.2 Service Temperature of Metallic Materials
4.3 Requirement for the Low Temperature Toughness Test of a Metallic Material
4.3.1 For the carbon steel, low-alloy steel, middle-alloy steel, and high-alloy ferrite steel
used for the piping which design temperature is below or equal to -20°C and higher than
the lower limit of the service temperature in Appendix A of this code, their ex-factory
materials, weld deposited metals of surface welding, and heat-influence zones should be
subject to a low temperature impact test.
4.4 Requirements for Application of Materials
4.4.1 The rolled steel used to manufacture piping components should meet the following
stipulations.
4.4.1.1 Q235-A, Q235-B and Q235-C materials are applicable for Categories C and D fluids,
and only the design pressure should not be larger than 1.6MPa. Q235-A·F material should be
applicable for delivering Category D fluids and piping supports with design pressure less than
or equal to 250°C.
4.4.2 The service range of cast iron materials should meet the following stipulations.
4.4.2.1 When spheroidal graphite cast iron is adopted to manufacture a pressurized
component, its design temperature should not exceed 350°C, design pressure should not
exceed 2.5MPa. In the normal temperature, it is inadvisable that the design pressure exceeds
4.0MPa.
4.4.4.2 For the non-integrally constructed clad metal or lined piping component, the thickness
of its parent metallic material should be in line with the thickness from its compression
strength calculation, and the calculated thickness should include neither thickness of the
coating nor of the liner.
4.4.5 The connection joints, and auxiliary materials, such as daub, solvent, soldering materials,
filler, gasket and O-ring, lubricant and sealant for screw thread, and others selected to
construct or for a sealed joint should have good compatibility with the above-said materials
and the fluid delivered.
5.Selection of Piping Components
5.1 General Stipulation
5.2 Pipes
5.3 Bends and Miter Bends
5.3.1 Application of a circular arc bend should meet the following stipulations.
5.3.2 Adoption of a miter bend should meet the following stipulations.
5.4 Piping and Branch Connection
5.4.1 The pipe fittings used under a severe operation condition should meet the following
conditions.
5.4.3 Selection of the prefabricated flange spools should meet the following stipulations.
5.4.4 Selection of welded braches and prefabricated branch connectors should meet the
following stipulations.
5.6 Flanges
5.7 Gaskets
5.8 Fasteners
5.8.1 Fasteners used in piping include hexagon headed bolts, bolt studs, gaskets and the like.
5.8.2 Standard fasteners should be selected from those listed in current national standards and
the materials used for them should be selected from the materials stipulated in for Appendix A of this code
5.8.3 The material used for the fastener to connect flanges should meet the stipulation in
current national standards on flanges and adapt the type of gasket used.
5.8.4 It is unadvisable that the screw-pitch of the thread section of a fastener used to connect
flanges is larger than 3mm. The fastener with a diameter over M30 may adopt fine thread.
6.Calculation of Pressure-resistance Strength of Metallic Piping Components
6.1 General Stipulations
6.1.1 Calculation methods listed in this section is suitable for design and calculation of pipe
components which are necessary in engineering project design. For pipe components that
have been clearly specified with nominal pressure, calculation is not necessary to be done per
this section.
6.1.2 Requirement of pressure resistance of standard butt weld pipe components shall be in
accordance with 5.4.2.5 of 5.4.2 in this code.
6.1.3 For the calculated thickness of pressure-resistance strength (hereinafter simplified as
calculated thickness), the designed thickness is the sum of calculated thickness and the
additional thickness; and the nominal thickness refers to the thickness based on calculated
thickness plus an additional amount, and then with which a round sum that matches the
standard size of the material in use for that component is taken. The effective thickness is the
difference from the nominal thickness minus the additional amount. The minimum thickness
is the sum of calculated thickness plus the additional amount for corrosion or abrasion.
6.2 Straight Pipe
6.2.1 Calculation of straight pipe that bears internal pressure shall meet the following stipulations.
6.3 Miter Bends
6.3.1Pressure resistance calculation for miter bends (figure 6.3.1) which subjected to internal
pressure shall be in accordance with the following stipulations.
7.Determination of Pipe Diameter and Calculation of Pressure Loss
7.1 Determination of Pipe Diameter
7.1.1 Diameter of pipe shall be determined according to the flow rate, characteristics, and
flow speed and permitted pressure of the pipe.
7.1.2 Determination for diameter of pipe made of alloy steel and with big diameter shall be
done by compression for construction cost and operation cost.
7.1.3 Except for those stipulated otherwise, pipe nominate diameter less than 25 mm shall not
be used for liquid which is likely choke the pipe.
7.1.4 Except for those specially required, pipe diameter can be decided per the following
methods.
7.1.4.1 Set the average flow velocity, and calculate the internal diameter initially per the
following formula, then readjust it according to engineering designing specification, in which
pipe size series is designated, to get the actual internal diameter. Finally, recheck actual
average flow velocity.
7.1.4.2 Pressure loss of piping shall be calculated and checked by means of actual internal
diameter of the pipe Di and the average flow speed so as to confirm the feasibility of the
chosen pipe diameter. If the pressure loss does not satisfy, a recalculation shall be performed.
7.1.5 Selection of the average flow speed of piping shall be in accordance with the following
stipulations.
7.2 Pressure Loss in Mono-phase Flow Piping
7.2.1 The content of this section is only suitable for calculating the piping pressure loss of
fluid of Newton Pattern, including pressure loss due to friction inside straight pipe and partial
(local) pressure loss due to friction such as in valves and piping components, excluding
calculation for acceleration loss and static pressure loss, etc.
8.Layout of Piping
8.1 Piping on Ground
I. General stipulations
8.1.1 Layout of piping shall meet requirement of processing, piping and instrument flow chart.
8.1.2 Layout of piping shall meet requirement of production operation, installation and
maintenance. It is suitable to lay the piping overhead with planning and arrangement in neat
order. In areas of workshop or processing unit where maintenance is not convenient, piping
used for transmitting media which are strong corrosive or category B fluid is not suitable to
lay underground.
8.1.3 Piping that tends to expand from heating and contract from cooling shall be laid with
flexibility calculation, for which the flexibility range shall not be smaller than that stipulated
in this code and stipulations for engineering designing.
8.1.4 Piping layout should be made according to the controlled vibration of piping required by
the clause 3.1.5 in this code.
II. Net overhead height and net distance between pipes
8.2 Piping in Ditch
8.2.1 Piping in ditch shall meet the following stipulations.
8.3 Underground Buried Piping
8.3.1 Minimum distance between buried piping and railway, road and building shall meet the
stipulations in table F, annex F of this code.
8.3.2 The minimum horizontal distance between piping and piping, piping and cable shall
meet the stipulations in existing National Standard “Design Procedure for Overall Plane Of
Industrial Enterprise” (GB50187).
8.3.3 When piping with large diameter is to be buried deep, requirement of stability and
rigidity under soil pressure shall be satisfied.
9.Expansion and Flexibility of Metallic Piping
9.1 General Stipulations
9.1.1 Reaction force and moment from piping against machines that connect the piping shall
meet the permitted reaction force and moment put forward by the manufacturer of equipment.
In case the specified value is surpassed but possible be solved by discussing, a written
permission issued by the manufacturer is needed. Reaction force and moment from piping
against the port of pressure vessel shall functions as a mandatory condition in checking the
vessel’s strength.
9.1.2 When calculation of flexibility proves that the piping has strong cycling condition, it
should be checked with this code for selection of piping components. If the result does not
satisfy the requirement, the design should be revised to lower down position-shift stress scope
so as to turn the strong cycling condition into a non-strong cycling condition.
9.2 Scope and Approach for Calculating Piping Flexibility
9.2.1 Application scope of calculation for flexibility shall meet the following stipulations.
9.2.2 Approach for flexibility analysis shall meet the following stipulations.
9.3 Basic Requirement for Flexibility Calculation of Piping
9.3.1 Division of calculation for piping system shall meet the following stipulations.
9.3.2 Calculation of flexibility shall meet the following stipulations.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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