GB 50068-2018 PDF English
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GB 50068-2018: Unified standard for reliability design of building structures---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB50068-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 50068-2018
Unified standard for reliability design of building structures
Issued on. NOVEMBER 01, 2018
Implemented on. APRIL 01, 2019
Issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC.
State Administration of Market Regulation.
Unified standard for reliability design of building structures
Main drafting organization. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the
People's Republic of China
Approved by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's
Republic of China
Effective date. April 1, 2019
China Construction Industry Press
2018 Beijing
Announcement of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural
Development of the People's Republic of China
No.263 of 2018
Table of Contents
Foreword... 6
1 General provisions... 8
2 Terms and symbols... 8
3 Basic requirements... 18
4 Principles of limit states design... 22
5 Actions on structures and environmental influences... 25
6 Properties of materials, geotechnics and geometrical quantities... 28
7 Structural analysis and design assisted by testing... 29
8 Method of partial factors design... 32
Appendix A Assessment of existing structures... 40
Appendix B Structural integrity... 47
Appendix C Design of durability limit states... 50
Appendix D Quality management... 56
Appendix E Basis of reliability and method of structural reliability design... 58
Appendix F Design assisted by testing... 65
Explanation of wording in this standard... 69
List of quoted standards... 70
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This standard is hereby formulated, in order to unify the basic principles, basic
requirements, basic methods of the reliability design of building structures of various
materials, so that the structure meets the requirements of sustainable development, as
well as the requirements of safety, reliability, economic reasonableness, advanced
technology, quality assurance.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design of the entire structure, the components
that make up the structure, and the foundation. It is applicable to the design of the
construction stage and use stage of the structure. It is applicable to the reliability
assessment of existing structures. The reliability assessment of existing structures can
be carried out, in accordance with the provisions of Appendix A of this standard.
1.0.3 This standard is formulated, based on the principles of the current national
standard "Unified standard for reliability design of engineering structures" GB 50153.
It is the basic requirement for the reliability design of building structures.
1.0.4 The design of building structures should adopt the limit state design method, based
on probability theory and expressed by partial factors. When there is a lack of statistical
data, the design of building structures can be based on reliable engineering experience
or necessary experimental research, OR it can be carried out, using the empirical
methods such as allowable stress or single safety factor.
1.0.5 When formulating load standards for building structures, structural design
standards for various materials, and other related standards, it shall comply with the
basic criteria, which are stipulated in this standard; meanwhile formulate corresponding
specific provisions.
1.0.6 In addition to complying with the provisions of this standard, the building
structure design shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant national standards,
which are currently in force.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Structure
A system, which is composed of connected parts, can withstand the action, has
appropriate stiffness.
2.1.2 Structural member
The physically distinguishable parts of a structure.
2.1.3 Structural system
All the load-bearing components in a structure and the way they work together.
2.2 Symbols
2.2.1 Uppercase Latin letters.
Ad - Design value for accidental actions;
C - Design corresponding limits for deformation, cracks, etc.;
Fd - Design value of action;
Fr - Representative value of action;
Gk - Standard value of permanent action;
P - Relevant representative value of prestressing action;
2.2.2 Lowercase Latin letters.
ad - Design value of geometric parameters;
ak - Standard values of geometric parameters;
fd - Design value of material property.
fk - Standard value of material property.
pf - Calculated value of failure probability of a structural member.
2.2.3 Capital Greek letters.
Δα - Additional quantity of geometric parameters.
3 Basic requirements
3.1 Basic principles
3.1.1 The design, construction, and maintenance of the structure shall ensure that the
structure meets the specified functional requirements with the specified reliability,
within the specified design service life.
3.1.2 The structure shall meet the following functional requirements.
the following requirements, to prevent or reduce possible damage to the structure.
3.1.4 The following measures should be taken, to meet the basic requirements for the
structure.
3.2 Class of safety and reliability
3.2.1 When designing building structures, different safety classes shall be adopted,
based on the possible consequences of structural damage, that is, endangering
human lives, causing economic losses, the severity of affecting society or the
environment. The division of safety classes of building structures shall comply with
the provisions of Table 3.2.1.
3.3 Design working life and durability
3.3.1 The design reference period of the building structure shall be 50 years.
3.3.2 When designing the building structure, it shall specify the design service life
of the structure.
3.4 Reliability management
3.4.1 In order to ensure that the building structure has the specified reliability level, in
addition to design calculations, it shall control the material properties, construction,
quality, use and maintenance of the structure accordingly. Specific control measures
shall comply with Appendix D of this standard, as well as the special provisions of
relevant standards for survey, design, construction, maintenance.
3.4.2 The design of building structures must be undertaken by technicians, that have
appropriate qualifications.
3.4.3 The design of the building structure shall comply with the current national
regulations on load, earthquake resistance, foundation, structural design standards of
various materials.
4 Principles of limit states design
4.1 Limit states
4.1.1 The limit state can be divided into ultimate limit state, serviceability limit state,
durability limit state. The limit state shall meet the following requirements.
4.1.2 Clear signs or limits shall be specified, for various limit states of the structure.
4.1.3 During structural design, different limit states of the structure shall be calculated
or checked separately; when the calculation or checking of a certain limit state plays a
controlling role, only this limit state can be calculated or checked.
4.2 Design situations
4.3 Limit state design
4.3.1 For the four building structure design situations, which are specified in Article
4.2.1 of this standard, the following limit state designs shall be carried out, respectively.
4.3.2 When carrying out the ultimate limit state design, the following action
combinations shall be adopted, according to different design situations.
4.3.4 For each action combination, the design of the building structure shall be carried
out, using the most adverse effect design value.
4.3.5 The limit state of the structure can be described, by the following limit state
equation.
4.3.9 Structural members should be designed, according to the specified reliability
index, using limit state design expressions, which consist of representative values of
action, standard values of material properties, standard values of geometric parameters,
corresponding partial factors. When conditions permit, it may also directly design,
using the method based on reliability index, according to the provisions of Appendix E
of this standard.
5 Actions on structures and environmental influences
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Actions on structures
5.2.1 When various actions on the structure can be considered independent of each other
in time and space, each action can be regarded as a single action; when some actions
are closely related and may appear at their maximum value at the same time, these
actions can be treated together as a single action.
5.2.2 The joint influence on the structure of each single action, which is exerted on the
structure at the same time, shall be considered through the combination of actions. For
various actions, that cannot occur at the same time, it shall not consider their
combination.
5.2.3 Structural actions can be divided into the following categories, according to the
following properties.
5.2.4 The law of changes in structural actions over time should be described, using the
probability model of a random process. Different actions can be simplified using
different methods, which shall comply with the following provisions.
5.2.5 When permanent actions and variable actions are used as random variables, their
statistical parameters and probability distribution types shall be determined, based on
observation data, using the hypothesis inspection method of parameter estimation and
probability distribution. T
5.3 Environmental influences
5.3.1 Environmental influences can be divided into permanent influences, variable
influences, accidental influences.
6 Properties of materials, geotechnics and geometrical quantities
6.1 Properties and geotechnics of materials
6.1.1 The physical and mechanical properties of materials and rock and soil, such as
strength, elastic modulus, deformation modulus, compression modulus, internal friction
angle, cohesion, etc., shall be determined, through the test, according to the current
relevant national test method standards.
6.1.2 When using the test results of standard samples to determine the actual material
properties in the structure, it shall also consider the differences between actual structure
and standard samples, between the actual working conditions and standard test
conditions.
6.1.3 Material properties should be described by a random variable probability model.
Various statistical parameters and probability distribution types of material properties
shall be determined, based on test data, using hypothesis inspection methods of
parameter estimation and probability distribution. The significance level of the
inspection can be 0.05.
6.1.4 The probability distribution of material strength should adopt normal distribution
or lognormal distribution.
6.1.5 The standard value of material strength can be determined according to the 0.05
fractile of its probability distribution. The standard values of physical properties, such
as material elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, can be determined according to the 0.5
fractile of their probability distribution.
6.1.6 When the test data is insufficient, the standard values of material properties can
be determined by the specified values of relevant standards, OR can be determined
through engineering experience, after analysis and judgment.
6.2 Geometric quantities
6.2.1 The geometric parameters of the structure or structural members should be
described, by a random variable probability model. Various statistical parameters and
probability distribution types of geometric parameters shall be determined, based on
the observation data of the geometric dimensions of the structure or structural members,
under normal production conditions, using parameter estimation and probability
distribution hypothesis inspection methods.
6.2.2 When the observation data is insufficient, the statistical parameters of the
geometric parameters can be determined, through analysis and judgment, based on the
tolerances specified in the relevant standards.
6.2.3 When the variability of geometric parameters has little impact on the structural
resistance and other properties, the geometric parameters can be used as deterministic
variables.
6.2.4 The standard value of the geometric parameter can be determined, by the nominal
value specified in the design, OR based on a certain fractile of the probability
distribution of the geometric parameter.
7 Structural analysis and design assisted by testing
7.1 General requirements
7.1.1 Structural analysis can be carried out, by calculation, model test or prototype test.
7.1.2 The accuracy of structural analysis shall be able to meet the structural design
requirements; test verification shall be carried out when necessary.
7.1.3 In structural analysis, it should consider the influences of the environment on the
performance of materials, members, structures.
7.2 Structural modelling
7.2.1 The basic assumptions and calculation models, which are used in structural
analysis, shall be able to reasonably describe the structural response, under the
considered limit state.
7.2.2 Depending on the specific conditions of the structure, it may use one-dimensional,
two-dimensional or two-dimensional calculation models, for structural analysis.
7.2.3 Various simplified or approximate assumptions, which are used in structural
analysis, shall have theoretical or experimental basis, OR be feasible through
engineering verification.
7.2.4 When the deformation of the structure may significantly increase the influence of
the action, it shall consider the influence of the structural deformation, in the structural
analysis.
7.2.5 Uncertainties in the structural calculation model shall be considered in the limit
state equation, using one or several additional basic variables. The probability
distribution type and statistical parameters of additional basic variables can be
determined, through statistical analysis, by comparing the calculation results according
to the calculation model with the calculation results according to the precise method or
the actual observation results, OR judged based on engineering experience.
7.3 Actions modelling
7.4 Method of structural analysis
7.4.1 Structural analysis shall adopt linear, nonlinear or experimental analysis methods,
based on factors such as structure type, material properties, stress characteristics. When
the structural property is always in an elastic state, elastic theory can be used for
structural analysis; otherwise, elasto-plastic theory should be used for structural
analysis.
7.4.2 When the structure can produce sufficient plastic deformation, before reaching
the limit state, meanwhile it does not bear repeated actions, the plasticity theory can be
used for structural analysis. When the bearing capacity of the structure is controlled by
brittle failure or stability, it shall not use elasticity theory for analysis.
7.4.3 When the dynamic action causes the structure to produce large acceleration, it
shall carry out the dynamic response analysis of the structure.
7.5 Design assisted by testing
8 Method of partial factors design
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 The various partial factors included in the limit state design expression of
structural members should be optimized, through calculation and analysis, based on the
probability distribution type and statistical parameters of the relevant basic variables
and the prescribed reliability indicators, combined with engineering experience. Where
there is a lack of statistical data, various partial factors can be specified, by relevant
standards, based on traditional or empirical design methods.
8.1.2 The design values of basic variables can be determined, according to the following
provisions.
8.2 Ultimate limit states
8.2.1 When the structure or structural members are designed according to the limit state
of bearing capacity, it shall consider the following states.
8.2.2 When the structure or structural members are designed according to the ultimate
limit state, they shall comply with the following requirements.
8.2.3 The action combinations in the design expression of the ultimate limit state shall
comply with the following provisions.
8.2.4 For persistent design situations and transient design situations, the basic
combination of actions shall be adopted, which shall comply with the following provisions.
8.3 Serviceability limit states
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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